編程 - 實現簡單功能：Python

 

 

1. 52周存錢挑戰

 1 import math
 2 import datetime
 3 
 4 
 5 def save_money_in_n_weeks(money_per_week, increase_money, total_week):
 6     """
 7         計算n周內的存款金額
 8     """
 9 
10     money_list = []  # 記錄每週存款數的列表
11     saved_money_list = []   # 記錄每週帳戶累計
12 
13     for i in range(total_week):
14         money_list.append(money_per_week)
15         saving = math.fsum(money_list)
16         saved_money_list.append(saving)
17 
18         # 輸出信息
19         # print('第{}周，存入{}元，帳戶累計{}元'.format(i + 1, money_per_week, saving))
20 
21         # 更新下一週的存錢金額
22         money_per_week += increase_money
23 
24     return saved_money_list
25 
26 
27 def main():
28     """
29         主函數
30     """
31     money_per_week = float(input('請輸入每週的存入的金額：'))     # 每週的存入的金額
32     increase_money = float(input('請輸入每週的遞增金額：'))     # 遞增的金額
33     total_week = int(input('請輸入總共的週數：'))         # 總共的週數
34 
35     # 調用函數
36     saved_money_list = save_money_in_n_weeks(money_per_week, increase_money, total_week)
37 
38     input_date_str = input('請輸入日期(yyyy/mm/dd):')
39     input_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(input_date_str, '%Y/%m/%d')
40     week_num = input_date.isocalendar()[1]
41     print('第{}周的存款：{}元'.format(week_num, saved_money_list[week_num - 1]))
42 
43 if __name__ == '__main__':
44     main()

 

 

2. 利用遞歸函數繪製分形樹

 1 import turtle
 2 
 3 
 4 def draw_branch(branch_length):
 5     """
 6         繪製分形樹
 7     """
 8     if branch_length > 5:
 9         # 繪製右側樹枝
10         turtle.forward(branch_length)
11         print('向前 ', branch_length)
12         turtle.right(20)
13         print('右轉 20')
14         draw_branch(branch_length - 15)
15 
16         # 繪製左側樹枝
17         turtle.left(40)
18         print('左轉 40')
19         draw_branch(branch_length - 15)
20 
21         # 返回以前的樹枝
22         turtle.right(20)
23         print('右轉 20')
24         turtle.backward(branch_length)
25         print('向後 ', branch_length)
26 
27 
28 def main():
29     """
30         主函數
31     """
32     turtle.left(90)
33     turtle.penup()
34     turtle.backward(150)
35     turtle.pendown()
36     turtle.color('brown')
37     draw_branch(80)
38     turtle.exitonclick()
39 
40 if __name__ == '__main__':
41     main()

 

 

3. 五角星的繪製

 1 import turtle
 2 
 3 
 4 def draw_pentagram(size):
 5     """
 6         繪製五角星
 7     """
 8     # 計數器
 9     count = 1
10     while count <= 5:
11         turtle.forward(size)
12         turtle.right(144)
13         # count = count + 1
14         count += 1
15 
16 
17 def draw_recursive_pentagram(size):
18     """
19         迭代繪製五角星
20     """
21     # 計數器
22     count = 1
23     while count <= 5:
24         turtle.forward(size)
25         turtle.right(144)
26         # count = count + 1
27         count += 1
28 
29     # 五角星繪製完成，更新參數
30     size += 10
31     if size <= 100:
32         draw_recursive_pentagram(size)
33 
34 
35 def main():
36     """
37         主函數
38     """
39 
40     turtle.penup()
41     turtle.backward(200)
42     turtle.pendown()
43     turtle.pensize(2)
44     turtle.pencolor('red')
45 
46     size = 50
47     draw_recursive_pentagram(size)
48 
49     turtle.exitonclick()
50 
51 if __name__ == '__main__':
52     main()

 

 

4. 匯率兌換

 1 def main():
 2     """
 3         主函數
 4     """
 5     # 匯率
 6     USD_VS_RMB = 6.77
 7 
 8     # 帶單位的貨幣輸入
 9     currency_str_value = input('請輸入帶單位的貨幣金額：')
10 
11     unit = currency_str_value[-3:]
12 
13     if unit == 'CNY':
14         exchange_rate = 1 / USD_VS_RMB
15 
16     elif unit == 'USD':
17         exchange_rate = USD_VS_RMB
18 
19     else:
20         exchange_rate = -1
21 
22     if exchange_rate != -1:
23         in_money = eval(currency_str_value[:-3])
24         # 使用lambda定義函數
25         convert_currency2 = lambda x: x * exchange_rate
26 
27         # # 調用函數
28         # out_money = convert_currency(in_money, exchange_rate)
29 
30         # 調用lambda函數
31         out_money = convert_currency2(in_money)
32         print('轉換後的金額：', out_money)
33     else:
34         print('不支持該種貨幣！')
35 
36 if __name__ == '__main__':
37     main()

 

 

5.基礎代謝率計算

 1 def main():
 2     """
 3         主函數
 4     """
 5     y_or_n = input('是否退出程序(y/n)？')
 6 
 7     while y_or_n != 'y':
 8         # # 性別
 9         # gender = input('性別：')
10         # # print(type(gender))
11         #
12         # # 體重 (kg)
13         # weight = float(input('體重(kg)：'))
14         # # print(type(weight))
15         #
16         # # 身高 (cm)
17         # height = float(input('身高(cm)：'))
18         # # print(type(height))
19         #
20         # # 年齡
21         # age = int(input('年齡：'))
22         # # print(type(age))
23         print('請輸入如下信息，用空格分割')
24         input_str = input('性別 體重(kg) 身高(cm) 年齡：')
25         str_list = input_str.split(' ')
26 
27         try:
28             gender = str_list[0]
29             weight = float(str_list[1])
30             height = float(str_list[2])
31             age = int(str_list[3])
32 
33             if gender == '男':
34                 # 男性
35                 bmr = (13.7 * weight) + (5.0 * height) - (6.8 * age) + 66
36             elif gender == '女':
37                 # 女性
38                 bmr = (9.6 * weight) + (1.8 * height) - (4.7 * age) + 655
39             else:
40                 bmr = -1
41 
42             if bmr != -1:
43                 print('您的性別：{}，體重：{}公斤，身高：{}釐米，年齡：{}歲'.format(gender, weight, height, age))
44                 print('您的基礎代謝率：{}大卡'.format(bmr))
45             else:
46                 print('暫不支持該性別')
47         except ValueError:
48             print('請輸入正確的信息！')
49         except IndexError:
50             print('輸入的信息過少！')
51         except:
52             print('程序異常！')
53 
54         print()  # 輸出空行
55         y_or_n = input('是否退出程序(y/n)？')
56 
57 
58 if __name__ == '__main__':
59     main()

 

 

6.模擬擲骰子

 1 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 2 import numpy as np
 3 
 4 # 解決中文顯示問題
 5 plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
 6 plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
 7 
 8 
 9 def main():
10     """
11         主函數
12     """
13     total_times = 10000
14 
15     # 記錄骰子的結果
16     roll1_arr = np.random.randint(1, 7, size=total_times)
17     roll2_arr = np.random.randint(1, 7, size=total_times)
18     result_arr = roll1_arr + roll2_arr
19 
20     hist, bins = np.histogram(result_arr, bins=range(2, 14))
21     print(hist)
22     print(bins)
23 
24     # 數據可視化
25     plt.hist(result_arr, bins=range(2, 14), normed=1, edgecolor='black', linewidth=1, rwidth=0.8)
26 
27     # 設置x軸座標點顯示
28     tick_labels = ['2點', '3點', '4點', '5點',
29                    '6點', '7點', '8點', '9點', '10點', '11點', '12點']
30     tick_pos = np.arange(2, 13) + 0.5
31     plt.xticks(tick_pos, tick_labels)
32 
33     plt.title('骰子點數統計')
34     plt.xlabel('點數')
35     plt.ylabel('頻率')
36     plt.show()
37 
38 
39 if __name__ == '__main__':
40     main()

 

 

7.輸入某年某月某日，判斷這一天是這一年的第幾天？

 1 from datetime import datetime
 2 
 3 
 4 def is_leap_year(year):
 5     """
 6         判斷year是否爲閏年
 7         是，返回True
 8         否，返回False
 9     """
10     is_leap = False
11 
12     if (year % 400 == 0) or ((year % 4 == 0) and (year % 100 != 0)):
13         is_leap = True
14 
15     return is_leap
16 
17 
18 def main():
19     """
20         主函數
21     """
22     input_date_str = input('請輸入日期(yyyy/mm/dd)：')
23     input_date = datetime.strptime(input_date_str, '%Y/%m/%d')
24 
25     year = input_date.year
26     month = input_date.month
27     day = input_date.day
28 
29     # # 包含30天 月份集合
30     # _30_days_month_set = {4, 6, 9, 11}
31     # _31_days_month_set = {1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12}
32 
33     # 月份-天數 字典
34     month_day_dict = {1: 31,
35                       2: 28,
36                       3: 31,
37                       4: 30,
38                       5: 31,
39                       6: 30,
40                       7: 31,
41                       8: 31,
42                       9: 30,
43                       10: 31,
44                       11: 30,
45                       12: 31}
46 
47     day_month_dict = {30: {4, 6, 9, 11},
48                       31: {1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12}}
49 
50     # 初始化值
51     days = 0
52     days += day
53 
54     for i in range(1, month):
55         days += month_day_dict[i]
56 
57     if is_leap_year(year) and month > 2:
58         days += 1
59 
60     print('這是{}年的第{}天。'.format(year, days))
61 
62 
63 if __name__ == '__main__':
64     main()

 

 

8. 判斷密碼強度

  1 class PasswordTool:
  2     """
  3         密碼工具類
  4     """
  5     def __init__(self, password):
  6         # 類的屬性
  7         self.password = password
  8         self.strength_level = 0
  9 
 10     def process_password(self):
 11         # 規則1：密碼長度大於8
 12         if len(self.password) >= 8:
 13             self.strength_level += 1
 14         else:
 15             print('密碼長度要求至少8位！')
 16 
 17         # 規則2：包含數字
 18         if self.check_number_exist():
 19             self.strength_level += 1
 20         else:
 21             print('密碼要求包含數字！')
 22 
 23         # 規則3：包含字母
 24         if self.check_letter_exist():
 25             self.strength_level += 1
 26         else:
 27             print('密碼要求包含字母！')
 28 
 29     # 類的方法
 30     def check_number_exist(self):
 31         """
 32             判斷字符串中是否含有數字
 33         """
 34         has_number = False
 35 
 36         for c in self.password:
 37             if c.isnumeric():
 38                 has_number = True
 39                 break
 40 
 41         return has_number
 42 
 43     def check_letter_exist(self):
 44         """
 45             判斷字符串中是否含有字母
 46         """
 47         has_letter = False
 48         for c in self.password:
 49             if c.isalpha():
 50                 has_letter = True
 51                 break
 52         return has_letter
 53 
 54 
 55 class FileTool:
 56     """
 57         文件工具類
 58     """
 59     def __init__(self, filepath):
 60         self.filepath = filepath
 61 
 62     def write_to_file(self, line):
 63         f = open(self.filepath, 'a')
 64         f.write(line)
 65         f.close()
 66 
 67     def read_from_file(self):
 68         f = open(self.filepath, 'r')
 69         lines = f.readlines()
 70         f.close()
 71         return lines
 72 
 73 
 74 def main():
 75     """
 76         主函數
 77     """
 78 
 79     try_times = 5
 80     filepath = 'password_6.0.txt'
 81     # 實例化文件工具對象
 82     file_tool = FileTool(filepath)
 83 
 84     while try_times > 0:
 85 
 86         password = input('請輸入密碼：')
 87         # 實例化密碼工具對象
 88         password_tool = PasswordTool(password)
 89         password_tool.process_password()
 90 
 91         line = '密碼：{}, 強度：{}\n'.format(password, password_tool.strength_level)
 92         # 寫操做
 93         file_tool.write_to_file(line)
 94 
 95         if password_tool.strength_level == 3:
 96             print('恭喜！密碼強度合格！')
 97             break
 98         else:
 99             print('密碼強度不合格！')
100             try_times -= 1
101 
102         print()
103 
104     if try_times <= 0:
105         print('嘗試次數過多，密碼設置失敗！')
106 
107     # 讀操做
108     lines = file_tool.read_from_file()
109     print(lines)
110 
111 
112 if __name__ == '__main__':
113     main()