Dubbo源碼分析(四)Dubbo調用鏈-消費端(集羣容錯機制)

這篇來分析Dubbo消費端調用服務端的過程,先看一張調用鏈的總體流程圖 java

下面藍色部分是消費端的調用過程,大體過程分爲Proxy-->Filter-->Invoker-->Directory-->LoadBalance-->Filter-->Invoker-->Client
接着咱們再來看一張集羣容錯的架構圖,在集羣調用失敗時,Dubbo 提供了多種容錯方案,缺省爲 failover 重試。
咱們對比一下兩張圖能夠發現消費端的消費過程其實主要就是Dubbo的集羣容錯過程,下面開始分析源碼

源碼入口

public class Consumer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"META-INF/spring/dubbo-demo-consumer.xml"});
        context.start(); 
        //這是服務引用的源碼入口,獲取代理類
        DemoService demoService = (DemoService) context.getBean("demoService"); // 獲取遠程服務代理
        //這是服務調用鏈的源碼入口
        String hello = demoService.sayHello("world"); // 執行遠程方法
        System.out.println(hello); // 顯示調用結果
    }
}
複製代碼

咱們知道,demoService是一個proxy代理類,執行demoService.sayHello方法,實際上是調用InvokerInvocationHandler.invoke方法,應該還記得proxy代理類中咱們new了一個InvokerInvocationHandler實例算法

public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        String methodName = method.getName();
        Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
        ···
        return invoker.invoke(new RpcInvocation(method, args)).recreate();
    }
複製代碼

這裏的invoker=MockClusterWrapper(FaileOverCluster),new RpcInvocation是將全部請求參數都會轉換爲RpcInvocation,接下來咱們進入集羣部分spring

進入集羣

首先進入MockClusterWrapper.invoke方法網絡

public Result invoke(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
        Result result = null;
        String value = directory.getUrl().getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.MOCK_KEY, Boolean.FALSE.toString()).trim();
        if (value.length() == 0 || value.equalsIgnoreCase("false")) {
            //no mock
            result = this.invoker.invoke(invocation);
        } else if (value.startsWith("force")) {
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger.info("force-mock: " + invocation.getMethodName() + " force-mock enabled , url : " + directory.getUrl());
            }
            //force:direct mock
            result = doMockInvoke(invocation, null);
        } else {
            //fail-mock
            try {
                result = this.invoker.invoke(invocation);
            } catch (RpcException e) {
                if (e.isBiz()) {
                    throw e;
                } else {
                    if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                        logger.info("fail-mock: " + invocation.getMethodName() + " fail-mock enabled , url : " + directory.getUrl(), e);
                    }
                    result = doMockInvoke(invocation, e);
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
複製代碼

由於咱們的配置文件中沒有配置mock,因此直接進入FaileOverCluster.invoke方法,實際上是進入父類AbstractClusterInvoker.invoke方法,看一下這個方法架構

public Result invoke(final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {

        checkWhetherDestroyed();

        LoadBalance loadbalance;

        List<Invoker<T>> invokers = list(invocation);
        if (invokers != null && invokers.size() > 0) {
            loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(invokers.get(0).getUrl()
                    .getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.LOADBALANCE_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE));
        } else {
            loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE);
        }
        RpcUtils.attachInvocationIdIfAsync(getUrl(), invocation);
        return doInvoke(invocation, invokers, loadbalance);
    }
複製代碼

先看下list(invocation)方法app

protected List<Invoker<T>> list(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
        List<Invoker<T>> invokers = directory.list(invocation);
        return invokers;
    }
複製代碼

進入目錄查找

咱們看下directory.list(invocation)方法,這裏directory=RegistryDirectory,進入RegistryDirectory.list方法負載均衡

public List<Invoker<T>> list(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
       ···
        List<Invoker<T>> invokers = doList(invocation);
        List<Router> localRouters = this.routers; // local reference
        if (localRouters != null && localRouters.size() > 0) {
            for (Router router : localRouters) {
                try {
                    if (router.getUrl() == null || router.getUrl().getParameter(Constants.RUNTIME_KEY, true)) {
                        invokers = router.route(invokers, getConsumerUrl(), invocation);
                    }
                ···
        return invokers;
    }
複製代碼

再進入doList方法:框架

public List<Invoker<T>> doList(Invocation invocation) {
        if (forbidden) {
            // 1. 沒有服務提供者 2. 服務提供者被禁用
            throw new RpcException(RpcException.FORBIDDEN_EXCEPTION,
                "No provider available from registry " + getUrl().getAddress() + " for service " + ··
        }
        List<Invoker<T>> invokers = null;
        Map<String, List<Invoker<T>>> localMethodInvokerMap = this.methodInvokerMap; // local reference
        ···
        return invokers == null ? new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(0) : invokers;
    }
複製代碼

從this.methodInvokerMap裏面查找一個 List<Invoker>返回dom

進入路由

接着進入路由,返回到AbstractDirectory.list方法,進入router.route()方法,此時的router=MockInvokersSelectoride

public <T> List<Invoker<T>> route(final List<Invoker<T>> invokers,
                                      URL url, final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
        if (invocation.getAttachments() == null) {
            return getNormalInvokers(invokers);
        } else {
            String value = invocation.getAttachments().get(Constants.INVOCATION_NEED_MOCK);
            if (value == null)
                return getNormalInvokers(invokers);
            else if (Boolean.TRUE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {
                return getMockedInvokers(invokers);
            }
        }
        return invokers;
    }
複製代碼

進入getMockedInvokers()方法,這個方法就是將傳入的invokers和設置的路由規則匹配,得到符合條件的invokers返回

private <T> List<Invoker<T>> getNormalInvokers(final List<Invoker<T>> invokers) {
        if (!hasMockProviders(invokers)) {
            return invokers;
        } else {
            List<Invoker<T>> sInvokers = new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(invokers.size());
            for (Invoker<T> invoker : invokers) {
                if (!invoker.getUrl().getProtocol().equals(Constants.MOCK_PROTOCOL)) {
                    sInvokers.add(invoker);
                }
            }
            return sInvokers;
        }
    }
複製代碼

進入負載均衡

繼續回到AbstractClusterInvoker.invoke方法,

public Result invoke(final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {
        ···
        if (invokers != null && invokers.size() > 0) {
            loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(invokers.get(0).getUrl()
                    .getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.LOADBALANCE_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE));
        } 
        ···
        return doInvoke(invocation, invokers, loadbalance);
    }
複製代碼

這裏先獲取loadbalance擴展點適配器LoadBalance$Adaptive,默認是RandomLoadBalance隨機負載,因此loadbalance=RandomLoadBalance,進入FailoverClusterInvoker.doInvoke方法

public Result doInvoke(Invocation invocation, final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, LoadBalance loadbalance) throws RpcException {
        ···
            Invoker<T> invoker = select(loadbalance, invocation, copyinvokers, invoked);
            invoked.add(invoker);
            RpcContext.getContext().setInvokers((List) invoked);
            try {
                Result result = invoker.invoke(invocation);
                if (le != null && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Although retry the method " + invocation.getMethodName()
                           ····);
                }
                return result;
            } catch (RpcException e) {
               ···
            } finally {
                providers.add(invoker.getUrl().getAddress());
            }
        }
       ···
    }
複製代碼

進入select(loadbalance, invocation, copyinvokers, invoked)方法,最終進入RandomLoadBalance.doSelect()方法,這個隨機算法中能夠配置權重,Dubbo根據權重最終選擇一個invoker返回

遠程調用

回到 FaileOverCluster.doInvoke方法中,執行Result result = invoker.invoke(invocation);此時的invoker就是負載均衡選出來的invoker=RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete, 走完8個Filter,咱們進入DubboInvoker.doInvoke()方法

protected Result doInvoke(final Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {
        RpcInvocation inv = (RpcInvocation) invocation;
        final String methodName = RpcUtils.getMethodName(invocation);
        inv.setAttachment(Constants.PATH_KEY, getUrl().getPath());
        inv.setAttachment(Constants.VERSION_KEY, version);

        ExchangeClient currentClient;
        if (clients.length == 1) {
            currentClient = clients[0];
        } else {
            currentClient = clients[index.getAndIncrement() % clients.length];
        }
        try {
            boolean isAsync = RpcUtils.isAsync(getUrl(), invocation);
            boolean isOneway = RpcUtils.isOneway(getUrl(), invocation);
            int timeout = getUrl().getMethodParameter(methodName, Constants.TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
            if (isOneway) {
                boolean isSent = getUrl().getMethodParameter(methodName, Constants.SENT_KEY, false);
                currentClient.send(inv, isSent);
                RpcContext.getContext().setFuture(null);
                return new RpcResult();
            } else if (isAsync) {
                ResponseFuture future = currentClient.request(inv, timeout);
                RpcContext.getContext().setFuture(new FutureAdapter<Object>(future));
                return new RpcResult();
            } else {
                RpcContext.getContext().setFuture(null);
                return (Result) currentClient.request(inv, timeout).get();
            }
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            throw new RpcException(RpcException.TIMEOUT_EXCEPTION, "Invoke remote method timeout. method: " + invocation.getMethodName() + ", provider: " + getUrl() + ", cause: " + e.getMessage(), e);
        } catch (RemotingException e) {
            throw new RpcException(RpcException.NETWORK_EXCEPTION, "Failed to invoke remote method: " + invocation.getMethodName() + ", provider: " + getUrl() + ", cause: " + e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
複製代碼

這裏爲何DubboInvoker是個protocol? 由於RegistryDirectory.refreshInvoker.toInvokers: protocol.refer,咱們進入currentClient.request(inv, timeout).get()方法,進入HeaderExchangeChannel.request方法,進入NettyChannel.send方法,

public void send(Object message, boolean sent) throws RemotingException {
        super.send(message, sent);

        boolean success = true;
        int timeout = 0;
        try {
            ChannelFuture future = channel.write(message);
            if (sent) {
                timeout = getUrl().getPositiveParameter(Constants.TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
                success = future.await(timeout);
            }
           ···
    }
複製代碼

這裏最終執行ChannelFuture future = channel.write(message),經過Netty發送網絡請求

總結

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