debian安裝nginx及其相關包

 源頭：apache+tomcat集羣的負載均衡算法有問題，現象是apache把過多壓力分配給本地tomcat，另外一臺服務器的tomcat極爲悠閒（鏈接數差一個數量級），因而改用nginx做前端負載均衡

1. 下載nginx ，我下的是nginx-1.4.1
2. 進入解壓目錄編譯 ./configure ：報缺乏pcre庫
3. 回頭安轉pcre，我下的是pcre-8.33，仍是linux源碼安裝三部曲
4. 再進nginx編譯，這回報缺乏zlib庫
5. 常識apt-get安裝失敗，查了下說是名稱換了：zlib1g-dev，再試，再失敗，總之缺乏其餘關聯包，怒了，用源碼安裝方式，官網下載地址，源碼安裝三部曲依舊
6. 總算nginx編譯經過，進入/usr/local/nginx/目錄，啓動命令就是nginx （注意默認80端口，不要被其餘服務器搶了）
7. 遊覽器輸入localhost，出現welcome頁，安裝成功
8. 修改配置後，用nginx -s reload命令參賽使配置生效，而中止服務器的命令是nginx -s stop
   

========如下是集羣配置========

1. 修改nginx.conf，增長多個後端tomcat
   

   ......
   
   http {
       include       mime.types;
       default_type  application/octet-stream;
   
       #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
       #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
       #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
   
       #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
   
       sendfile        on;
       #tcp_nopush     on;
   
       #keepalive_timeout  0;
       keepalive_timeout  65;
   
       #gzip  on;
   
           # ccq 6/5 add: tomcat_proxy
   	upstream localhost {
   		server localhost:9080;
   		server localhost:8080;
                   ip_hash;
   	}
   	# ccq 6/5 add: tomcat_proxy end
   
       server {
           listen       80;
           server_name  localhost;
   ......
           location / {
               root   html;
                 # ccq 6/5 upd: tomcat_proxy
                 index  index.html index.jsp;
   	      proxy_pass   http://localhost; 
   	      proxy_redirect    off; 
   	      proxy_set_header   Host $host; 
   	      proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
   	      proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;  
   	      client_max_body_size   10m; 
   	      client_body_buffer_size   128k; 
   	      proxy_connect_timeout   90; 
   	      proxy_send_timeout   90; 
   	      proxy_read_timeout   90; 
   	      proxy_buffer_size   4k; 
   	      proxy_buffers   4 32k; 
   	      proxy_busy_buffers_size   64k; 
   	      proxy_temp_file_write_size  64k;  
                 # ccq 6/5 upd: tomcat_proxy end
           }
   ……

2. tomcat修改server.xml，防止端口衝突，這裏是第二個tomcat的配置，第一個tomcat用默認的，注意加下jvmRoute
   

   ……
   <Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
   ……
       <Connector port="9080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
                  connectionTimeout="20000" 
                  redirectPort="8443" />
   ……
       <Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="9443"  jvmRoute="tomcat1"/>
   ……
       <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2">
   ……

3. 參考資料： http://www.blogjava.net/niumd/archive/2011/05/10/349958.html http://yifangyou.blog.51cto.com/900206/617217