做者 | 樊大勇node
KubeVela 是一個簡單易用又高度可擴展的雲原生應用管理引擎,是基於 Kubernetes 及阿里雲與微軟雲共同發佈的雲原生應用開發模型 OAM 構建。nginx
KubeVela 基於 OAM 模型構建了一套具體的實現,經過 Golang 編寫,能夠端到端地爲用戶構建雲原生應用的平臺,提供一個相對完整的解決方案。git
KubeVela 項目自 2020 年 7 月份在社區裏面發起,受到包括阿里、微軟、Crossplane 等公司工程師在內的廣大社區志願者的歡迎,並一塊兒投入到項目開發工做中。他們把在 OAM 實踐裏面的各類經驗與教訓,都總結沉澱到 KubeVela 項目中。github
本文主要目的是探索 KubeVela 如何將一個 appfile 文件轉換爲 K8s 中特定的資源對象。web
該過程總的來講分爲兩個階段:json
# vela.yaml name: test services: nginx: type: webservice image: nginx env: - name: NAME value: kubevela # svc trait svc: type: NodePort ports: - port: 80 nodePort: 32017
利用 vela up 命令能夠完成部署。api
建議:在看 vela 命令行工具代碼以前,先去簡單瞭解一下 cobra 框架。app
// references/cli/up.go // NewUpCommand will create command for applying an AppFile func NewUpCommand(c types.Args, ioStream cmdutil.IOStreams) *cobra.Command { cmd := &cobra.Command{ Use: "up", DisableFlagsInUseLine: true, Short: "Apply an appfile", Long: "Apply an appfile", Annotations: map[string]string{ types.TagCommandType: types.TypeStart, }, PersistentPreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error { return c.SetConfig() }, RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error { velaEnv, err := GetEnv(cmd) if err != nil { return err } kubecli, err := c.GetClient() if err != nil { return err } o := &common.AppfileOptions{ Kubecli: kubecli, IO: ioStream, Env: velaEnv, } filePath, err := cmd.Flags().GetString(appFilePath) if err != nil { return err } return o.Run(filePath, velaEnv.Namespace, c) }, } cmd.SetOut(ioStream.Out) cmd.Flags().StringP(appFilePath, "f", "", "specify file path for appfile") return cmd }
上面源碼展現的是 vela up 命令的入口。框架
在 PresistentPreRunE 函數中,經過調用 c.SetConfig() 完成 Kuberentes 配置信息 kubeconfig 的注入。ide
在 RunE 函數中:
首先,獲取 vela 的 env 變量,velaEnv.Namespace 對應 Kubernetes 的命名空間。
其次,獲取 Kubernetes 的客戶端,kubectl。
接着,利用 Kubernetes 客戶端和 vleaEnv 來構建渲染 Appfile 須要的 AppfileOptions。
起點:appfile
終點:applicatioin
// references/appfile/api/appfile.go // AppFile defines the spec of KubeVela Appfile type AppFile struct { Name string `json:"name"` CreateTime time.Time `json:"createTime,omitempty"` UpdateTime time.Time `json:"updateTime,omitempty"` Services map[string]Service `json:"services"` Secrets map[string]string `json:"secrets,omitempty"` configGetter config.Store initialized bool } // NewAppFile init an empty AppFile struct func NewAppFile() *AppFile { return &AppFile{ Services: make(map[string]Service), Secrets: make(map[string]string), configGetter: &config.Local{}, } }
// references/appfile/api/service.go // Service defines the service spec for AppFile, it will contain all related information including OAM component, traits, source to image, etc... type Service map[string]interface{}
上面兩段代碼是 AppFile 在客戶端的聲明,vela 會將指定路徑的 yaml 文件讀取後,賦值給一個 AppFile。
// references/appfile/api/appfile.go // LoadFromFile will read the file and load the AppFile struct func LoadFromFile(filename string) (*AppFile, error) { b, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Clean(filename)) if err != nil { return nil, err } af := NewAppFile() // Add JSON format appfile support ext := filepath.Ext(filename) switch ext { case ".yaml", ".yml": err = yaml.Unmarshal(b, af) case ".json": af, err = JSONToYaml(b, af) default: if json.Valid(b) { af, err = JSONToYaml(b, af) } else { err = yaml.Unmarshal(b, af) } } if err != nil { return nil, err } return af, nil }
下面爲讀取 vela.yaml 文件後,加載到 AppFile 中的數據:
# vela.yaml name: test services: nginx: type: webservice image: nginx env: - name: NAME value: kubevela # svc trait svc: type: NodePort ports: - port: 80 nodePort: 32017
Name: test CreateTime: 0001-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 UTC UpdateTime: 0001-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 UTC Services: map[ nginx: map[ env: [map[name: NAME value: kubevela]] image: nginx svc: map[ports: [map[nodePort: 32017 port: 80]] type: NodePort] type: webservice ] ] Secrets map[] configGetter: 0x447abd0 initialized: false
// apis/core.oam.dev/application_types.go type Application struct { metav1.TypeMeta `json:",inline"` metav1.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty"` Spec ApplicationSpec `json:"spec,omitempty"` Status AppStatus `json:"status,omitempty"` } // ApplicationSpec is the spec of Application type ApplicationSpec struct { Components []ApplicationComponent `json:"components"` // TODO(wonderflow): we should have application level scopes supported here // RolloutPlan is the details on how to rollout the resources // The controller simply replace the old resources with the new one if there is no rollout plan involved // +optional RolloutPlan *v1alpha1.RolloutPlan `json:"rolloutPlan,omitempty"` }
上面代碼,爲 Application 的聲明,結合 .vela/deploy.yaml(見下面代碼),能夠看出,要將一個 AppFile 渲染爲 Application 主要就是將 AppFile 的 Services 轉化爲 Application 的 Components。
# .vela/deploy.yaml apiVersion: core.oam.dev/v1alpha2 kind: Application metadata: creationTimestamp: null name: test namespace: default spec: components: - name: nginx scopes: healthscopes.core.oam.dev: test-default-health settings: env: - name: NAME value: kubevela image: nginx traits: - name: svc properties: ports: - nodePort: 32017 port: 80 type: NodePort type: webservice status: {}
結合以上內容能夠看出,將 Appfile 轉化爲 Application 主要是將 Services 渲染爲 Components。
// references/appfile/api/appfile.go // BuildOAMApplication renders Appfile into Application, Scopes and other K8s Resources. func (app *AppFile) BuildOAMApplication(env *types.EnvMeta, io cmdutil.IOStreams, tm template.Manager, silence bool) (*v1alpha2.Application, []oam.Object, error) { ... servApp := new(v1alpha2.Application) servApp.SetNamespace(env.Namespace) servApp.SetName(app.Name) servApp.Spec.Components = []v1alpha2.ApplicationComponent{} for serviceName, svc := range app.GetServices() { ... // 完成 Service 到 Component 的轉化 comp, err := svc.RenderServiceToApplicationComponent(tm, serviceName) if err != nil { return nil, nil, err } servApp.Spec.Components = append(servApp.Spec.Components, comp) } servApp.SetGroupVersionKind(v1alpha2.SchemeGroupVersion.WithKind("Application")) auxiliaryObjects = append(auxiliaryObjects, addDefaultHealthScopeToApplication(servApp)) return servApp, auxiliaryObjects, nil }
上面的代碼是 vela 將 Appfile 轉化爲 Application 代碼實現的位置。其中 comp, err := svc.RenderServiceToApplicationComponent(tm, serviceName) 完成 Service 到 Component 的轉化。
// references/appfile/api/service.go // RenderServiceToApplicationComponent render all capabilities of a service to CUE values to KubeVela Application. func (s Service) RenderServiceToApplicationComponent(tm template.Manager, serviceName string) (v1alpha2.ApplicationComponent, error) { // sort out configs by workload/trait workloadKeys := map[string]interface{}{} var traits []v1alpha2.ApplicationTrait wtype := s.GetType() comp := v1alpha2.ApplicationComponent{ Name: serviceName, WorkloadType: wtype, } for k, v := range s.GetApplicationConfig() { // 判斷是否爲 trait if tm.IsTrait(k) { trait := v1alpha2.ApplicationTrait{ Name: k, } .... // 若是是 triat 加入 traits 中 traits = append(traits, trait) continue } workloadKeys[k] = v } // Handle workloadKeys to settings settings := &runtime.RawExte nsion{} pt, err := json.Marshal(workloadKeys) if err != nil { return comp, err } if err := settings.UnmarshalJSON(pt); err != nil { return comp, err } comp.Settings = *settings if len(traits) > 0 { comp.Traits = traits } return comp, nil }
執行 vela up 命令,渲染 appfile 爲 Application,將數據寫入到 .vela/deploy.yaml 中,並在 K8s 中建立。
【建議】> 瞭解一下內容:> - client-to
- controller-runtime
- operator
# 獲取集羣中的 Application $ kubectl get application NAMESPACE NAME AGE default test 24h
當 application controller 獲取到 Application 資源對象以後,會根據其內容建立出對應的 ApplicationConfiguration 和 Component。
# 獲取 ApplicationConfiguration 和 Component $ kubectl get ApplicationConfiguration,Component NAME AGE applicationconfiguration.core.oam.dev/test 24h NAME WORKLOAD-KIND AGE component.core.oam.dev/nginx Deployment 24h
ApplicationiConfiguration 中以名字的方式引入 Component:
獲取一個 Application 資源對象。
將 Application 資源對象渲染爲 ApplicationConfiguration 和 Component。
// pkg/controller/core.oam.dev/v1alpha2/application/application_controller.go // Reconcile process app event func (r *Reconciler) Reconcile(req ctrl.Request) (ctrl.Result, error) { ctx := context.Background() applog := r.Log.WithValues("application", req.NamespacedName) // 1. 獲取 Application app := new(v1alpha2.Application) if err := r.Get(ctx, client.ObjectKey{ Name: req.Name, Namespace: req.Namespace, }, app); err != nil { ... } ... // 2. 將 Application 轉換爲 ApplicationConfiguration 和 Component handler := &appHandler{r, app, applog} ... appParser := appfile.NewApplicationParser(r.Client, r.dm) ... appfile, err := appParser.GenerateAppFile(ctx, app.Name, app) ... ac, comps, err := appParser.GenerateApplicationConfiguration(appfile, app.Namespace) ... // 3. 在集羣中建立 ApplicationConfiguration 和 Component // apply appConfig & component to the cluster if err := handler.apply(ctx, ac, comps); err != nil { applog.Error(err, "[Handle apply]") app.Status.SetConditions(errorCondition("Applied", err)) return handler.handleErr(err) } ... return ctrl.Result{}, r.UpdateStatus(ctx, app) }
獲取 ApplicationConfiguration 資源對象。
循環遍歷,獲取每個 Component 並將 workload 和 trait 渲染爲對應的 K8s 資源對象。
// pkg/controller/core.oam.dev/v1alpha2/applicationcinfiguratioin/applicationconfiguratioin.go // Reconcile an OAM ApplicationConfigurations by rendering and instantiating its // Components and Traits. func (r *OAMApplicationReconciler) Reconcile(req reconcile.Request) (reconcile.Result, error) { ... ac := &v1alpha2.ApplicationConfiguration{} // 1. 獲取 ApplicationConfiguration if err := r.client.Get(ctx, req.NamespacedName, ac); err != nil { ... } return r.ACReconcile(ctx, ac, log) } // ACReconcile contains all the reconcile logic of an AC, it can be used by other controller func (r *OAMApplicationReconciler) ACReconcile(ctx context.Context, ac *v1alpha2.ApplicationConfiguration, log logging.Logger) (result reconcile.Result, returnErr error) { ... // 2. 渲染 // 此處 workloads 包含全部Component對應的的 workload 和 tratis 的 k8s 資源對象 workloads, depStatus, err := r.components.Render(ctx, ac) ... applyOpts := []apply.ApplyOption{apply.MustBeControllableBy(ac.GetUID()), applyOnceOnly(ac, r.applyOnceOnlyMode, log)} // 3. 建立 workload 和 traits 對應的 k8s 資源對象 if err := r.workloads.Apply(ctx, ac.Status.Workloads, workloads, applyOpts...); err != nil { ... } ... // the defer function will do the final status update return reconcile.Result{RequeueAfter: waitTime}, nil }
當 vela up 將一個 AppFile 渲染爲一個 Application 後,後續的流程由 application controller 和 applicationconfiguration controller 完成。
樊大勇,華勝天成研發工程師,GitHub ID:@just-do1。
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