Spring 框架下的 JDBC

時間 2019-11-07

標籤 spring 框架 jdbc 欄目 Spring 简体版

原文原文鏈接

Spring JDBC

Spring 對JDBC技術規範作了進一步封裝，它又叫Spring JDBCTemplate(jdbc模板技術)java

純JDBC：代碼清晰的、效率最高、代碼是最煩的、
Spring JDBCTemplate:代碼相對來講就不那麼清晰，效率要低一點，代碼相對簡單mysql

   如何進行Spring和jdbc的集合？（數據庫的鏈接池）
       (1) 導入jar 包：spring-jdbc.jar 驅動類鏈接池 DruidUtil2(框架的原型)
       (2) 配置類：@Configuration
       (3) @Spring IOC + JDBC 實現
           JdbcConfig： a.配置屬性 b.配置DataSource Bean
       (4) 配置JdbcTemplate Bean @Beanspring

1.pom.xml 所須要的jar包sql

     
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
<!-- MySQL數據庫鏈接池 -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.48</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Druid -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.20</version>
        </dependency>

2. 一個實體類：Account.java數據庫

public class Account {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Double balance;
    public Account( String name, Double balance) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    public Account(int id, String name, Double balance) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    public Account() {
        super();
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Double getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }
    public void setBalance(Double balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((balance == null) ? 0 : balance.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + id;
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;
        Account other = (Account) obj;
        if (balance == null) {
            if (other.balance != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!balance.equals(other.balance))
            return false;
        if (id != other.id)
            return false;
        if (name == null) {
            if (other.name != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
            return false;
        return true;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", balance=" + balance + "]";
    }
    
    
}

3. 接口：IAccount.javaapp

import java.util.List;

/**
 * AccountDao接口
 * @author 張澤
 */
public interface IAccountDao {
    List<Account> findAll();
    void delete(Account act);
    void saveOrUpdate(Account act);
}

4.1 接口實現類(JDBC)：AccountDaoJdbcImpl.java框架

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
//@Component
@Repository("accountDaoJdbcImpl") //-- 存儲、倉庫/  作存儲服務
public class AccountDaoJdbcImpl implements IAccountDao {
    @Autowired
    private DataSource ds;
    
    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        try {
            Connection con = ds.getConnection();
            String sql = "select * from account";
            Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
            ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            List<Account> acts = new ArrayList<>();
            while(rs.next()) {
                Account act = new Account(rs.getInt(1),rs.getString(2),rs.getDouble(3));
                acts.add(act);
            }
            return acts;
            
        } catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
        
        return null;
    }

    
    @Override
    public void delete(Account act) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public void saveOrUpdate(Account act) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

}

4.2 接口實現類(Spring JDBCTemplate)：AccountDaoTemplateImpl.javaide

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository("accountDaoTemplateImpl")
public class AccountDaoTemplateImpl implements IAccountDao {
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        System.out.println("accountDaoTemplateImpl");
        return jdbcTemplate.query(
                "select * from account",
                new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class)
                );
    }
    
    @Override
    public void saveOrUpdate(Account act) {
        
        if(act.getId()==0) {
            jdbcTemplate.update(
                    "insert into account(name,balance) values(?,?)",
                    new Object[] {act.getName(),act.getBalance()}
                    );
        }else {
            jdbcTemplate.update(
                    "update account set name=?,balance=? where id=?",
                    new Object[] {act.getName(),act.getBalance(),act.getId()}
                    );
        }
        
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Account act) {
        jdbcTemplate.update(
                "delete from account where id=?",
                new Object[] {act.getId()}
                );
    }
    
}

5.1 JDBC 配置資源：jdbc.properties函數

jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

pool.maxActive=10

5.2 JDBC 配置類：JdbcConfig.java測試

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;

/**
 * JdbcConfig類
 * @author 張澤
 *
 */
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties") 
                //--你的配置信息的位置
public class JdbcConfig {
    //-- 1. 獲取配置信息
    @Value("${jdbc.driverClass}")
    private String driver;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;
    
    @Value("${pool.maxActive}")
    private int maxActive;
    
    //-- 2. 數據庫鏈接池對象
    @Bean(name="dataSource")
    public DataSource createDataSource() {
        DruidDataSource ds = new DruidDataSource();    
        ds.setDriverClassName(driver);
        ds.setUrl(url);
        ds.setUsername(username);
        ds.setPassword(password);
        ds.setMaxActive(maxActive);
        
        return ds;
    }
    
    //-- 3. 配置JdbcTemplate
    @Bean(name="jdbcTemplate")
    public JdbcTemplate createJdbcTemplate(DataSource ds) {
        return new JdbcTemplate(ds);//-- 利用數據源構造JdbcTemplate
    }
    
}

6. Spring 配置類：SpringConfig.java

/**
 * Spring 配置類
 * 多配置的使用方式
 */
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("day")//--所在包名
@Import(JdbcConfig.class)  //-- 在主配置中導入子配置
public class SpringConfig {

}

7. 主函數入口：Invoker.java

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class Invoker {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ctx=
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        DataSource ds = (DataSource)ctx.getBean("dataSource");
        System.out.println(ds);
    }
}

8. 測試類：TestAccountDao.java

import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes= {SpringConfig.class})
public class TestAccountDao {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("accountDaoTemplateImpl")//-- 選擇要調用 接口的實現類
    private IAccountDao actDao;
    
    @Test
    public void testFind() {
        List<Account> acts = actDao.findAll();
        for (Account account : acts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        actDao.saveOrUpdate(new Account("xx",12.0));    
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        actDao.saveOrUpdate(new Account(8,"xx",22.0));    
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        actDao.delete(new Account(8,"xx",22.0));    
    }
    
}