webpack同以前的gulp相比,gulp屬於非模塊化打包工具,webpack屬於模塊化打包工具,二者的優劣這裏不作過多分析(可自行百度)。css
目的:是爲了分享一下使用過程當中,用到的插件、loader、遇到的各類問題以及解決辦法,最後會附上最終代碼。html
安裝webpack,這裏不作詳細描述,直接去官網吧node
在這個項目中,用webpack打包css、scss、js、圖片文件、jquery、第三方插件、字體圖標,編譯es六、壓縮html、壓縮js、壓縮css,基本涵蓋了經常使用的東西。jquery
代碼結構以下webpack
下面單獨說幾個難點es6
一、打包多頁面,使用到的插件是html-wepack-plugin,html-loader,也就是你有多少個頁面,就有多少個入口,也就寫多少個模版文件。固然,頁面過多時,能夠考慮遍歷處理。web
//引入路徑插件 const path = require('path'); //引入導出html插件 const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); const config = { //入口 entry:{ home:'./pages/lawSearchHomepage.js', list:'./pages/lawSearchList.js' }, //出口 output:{ filename: '[name].bundle.js', path: path.resolve(__dirname,'build') },
//插件 plugins: [ //html單獨導出插件——首頁 new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ filename:'lawSearchHomepage.html',//輸出後的文件名稱 template:'./pages/lawSearchHomepage.html',//模版頁面路徑 favicon:'./pages/images/favicon.ico',//頁籤圖標 chunks:['home'],//須要引入的js文件名稱 inject: true, hash:true,//哈希值 minify: {//壓縮 removeComments: true, collapseWhitespace: true } }), //html單獨導出插件——列表頁 new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ filename:'lawSearchList.html', template:'./pages/lawSearchList.html', favicon:'./pages/images/favicon.ico', chunks:['list'], inject: true, hash:true, minify: { removeComments: true, collapseWhitespace: true } }) ] } module.exports = config;
二、單獨打包css,使用到的插件extract-text-webpack-plugin,loader有style-loader、css-loader、sass-loader、node-sass,由於每一個頁面要引入相對應的css文件,因此,在js入口文件裏經過require('./lawSearchHomepage.scss')引如對應的scss文件,打包後css文件會單獨打包,並經過link的形式引入htmlnpm
//引入導出css插件 const ExtractTextPlugin = require('extract-text-webpack-plugin'); //loader {//CSS test:/\.css/, use:ExtractTextPlugin.extract({ use:['css-loader'] }) }, {//Sass test:/\.scss/, use:ExtractTextPlugin.extract({ fallback:"style-loader", use:['css-loader','sass-loader'] },) } //plugins //將css單獨打包插件 new ExtractTextPlugin({ filename:"[name].css",//制定編譯後的文件名稱 allChunks:true,//把分割的塊分別打包 }),
三、處理es6,安裝babel、babel-loader@7(由於下面壓縮js,其餘版本報錯)、babel-core、babel-preset-es2015(也是爲了解決壓縮js報錯)json
//loader {//ES6 test:/\.js$/, loader:'babel-loader', // exclude:__dirname+'node_modules',//不對這個進行babel轉換,這裏邊已經打包好,這樣能減小打包時間 // include:__dirname+'src'這裏的src是你要編譯的js文件的目錄, exclude:path.resolve(__dirname,'node_modules'), include:path.resolve(__dirname,'pages'), query:{//若在package.json中定義了這個presets,則這邊能夠刪掉 presets:['es2015'] } },
四、處理jquery,安裝expose-loadergulp
第一種方法能夠經過在js裏require('expose-loader?$!jquery');引入jquery
第二種經過loader
//loader {//Jquery test: require.resolve('jquery'), use: [{ loader: 'expose-loader', options: 'jQuery' },{ loader: 'expose-loader', options: '$' }] },
五、壓縮css,使用插件optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin,安裝cssnano
//引入壓縮css的插件 const optimizeCss = require('optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin'); //引入cssnano插件 const cssnano = require('cssnano'); //plugins plugins:[ new optimizeCss({ assetNameRegExp: /\.style\.css$/g, cssProcessor: cssnano, cssProcessorOptions: { discardComments: { removeAll: true } }, canPrint: true }), ], //壓縮優化css,不寫這個css仍是沒壓縮,不知道爲啥 optimization: { // minimize: true, minimizer: [new optimizeCss({})] },
六、壓縮js,通常的狀況下,js默認就是壓縮狀態,可是在壓縮完css後,js就不是壓縮的了,因此仍是處理一下,編譯更快
用的插件uglifyjs-webpack-plugin
//引入js壓縮插件 const uglifyjs = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin'); //plugins new uglifyJs()
個人package.json中安裝的插件
"devDependencies": { "babel": "^6.23.0", "babel-core": "^6.26.3", "babel-loader": "^7.1.5", "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.24.1", "clean-webpack-plugin": "^0.1.19", "css-loader": "^1.0.0", "cssnano": "^4.1.7", "expose-loader": "^0.7.5", "extract-text-webpack-plugin": "^4.0.0-beta.0", "file-loader": "^2.0.0", "font-awesome-webpack": "^0.0.5-beta.2", "html-loader": "^0.5.5", "html-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.0", "jquery": "^3.3.1", "node-sass": "^4.9.4", "optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin": "^5.0.1", "postcss-loader": "^3.0.0", "sass-loader": "^7.1.0", "style-loader": "^0.23.1", "typeahead.js": "^0.11.1", "uglifyjs-webpack-plugin": "^2.0.1", "url-loader": "^1.1.2", "webpack": "^4.23.1", "webpack-cli": "^3.1.2", "webpack-dev-server": "^3.1.10" }
webpack.config.js裏的代碼(完整版)
//引入路徑插件 const path = require('path'); //引入導出html插件 const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); //引入清除插件 const CleanWebpackPlugin = require('clean-webpack-plugin'); //引入導出css插件 const ExtractTextPlugin = require('extract-text-webpack-plugin'); //引入webpack const webpack = require('webpack'); //引入壓縮css的插件 const optimizeCss = require('optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin'); //引入cssnano插件 const cssnano = require('cssnano'); //引入js壓縮插件 const uglifyjs = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin'); //webpack配置內容 const config = { //入口 entry:{ home:'./pages/lawSearchHomepage.js', list:'./pages/lawSearchList.js' }, //便於調試 devtool:'inline-source-map', //服務 devServer:{ contentBase:'./build/lawSearchHomepage.html' }, //loader模塊 module:{ rules: [ {//ES6 test:/\.js$/, loader:'babel-loader', // exclude:__dirname+'node_modules',//不對這個進行babel轉換,這裏邊已經打包好,這樣能減小打包時間 // include:__dirname+'src'這裏的src是你要編譯的js文件的目錄, exclude:path.resolve(__dirname,'node_modules'), include:path.resolve(__dirname,'pages'), query:{//若在package.json中定義了這個presets,則這邊能夠刪掉 presets:['es2015'] } }, {//Jquery test: require.resolve('jquery'), use: [{ loader: 'expose-loader', options: 'jQuery' },{ loader: 'expose-loader', options: '$' }] }, {//CSS test:/\.css/, use:ExtractTextPlugin.extract({ use:['css-loader'] }) }, {//Sass test:/\.scss/, use:ExtractTextPlugin.extract({ fallback:"style-loader", use:['css-loader','sass-loader'] },) }, {//處理模塊html test: /\.html$/, use: 'html-loader' }, {//圖片 test: /\.(jpg|png|gif)$/, use: { loader: 'file-loader', options: { outputPath: 'images' } } }, //字體圖標 { test: /\.(eot|svg|ttf|woff|woff2)\w*/, loader: 'file-loader' } ] }, //插件 plugins: [ //清空build文件下的多餘文件 new CleanWebpackPlugin(['build']), //將css單獨打包插件 new ExtractTextPlugin({ filename:"[name].css",//制定編譯後的文件名稱 allChunks:true,//把分割的塊分別打包 }), //html單獨導出插件——首頁 new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ filename:'lawSearchHomepage.html',//輸出後的文件名稱 template:'./pages/lawSearchHomepage.html',//模版頁面路徑 favicon:'./pages/images/favicon.ico',//頁籤圖標 chunks:['home'],//須要引入的js文件名稱 inject: true, hash:true,//哈希值 minify: {//壓縮 removeComments: true, collapseWhitespace: true } }), //html單獨導出插件——列表頁 new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ filename:'lawSearchList.html', template:'./pages/lawSearchList.html', favicon:'./pages/images/favicon.ico', chunks:['list'], inject: true, hash:true, minify: { removeComments: true, collapseWhitespace: true } }), //壓縮css new optimizeCss({ assetNameRegExp: /\.style\.css$/g, cssProcessor: cssnano, cssProcessorOptions: { discardComments: { removeAll: true } }, canPrint: true }), //壓縮js new uglifyjs() ], //壓縮優化css optimization: { // minimize: true, minimizer: [new optimizeCss({})] }, //出口 output:{ filename: '[name].bundle.js', path: path.resolve(__dirname,'build') } } module.exports = config;
若是在打包過程當中報模塊沒有定義錯誤,那就再安裝一次,實在不行,直接刪了node_modules文件,從新npm install一下。