Mysql------多實例配置

MySQL的多實例配置

在一臺物理機中須要多個測試環境，那麼就須要用到了搭建數據庫的多個實例，多個實例的意思就是運行多份程序，實例與實例之間沒有影響。要注意監聽的端口須要不一樣。也就是在一臺主機上跑好多個mysql實例數據庫，每一個數據庫本身管理本身獨立的數據庫文件。

準備環境：centos7.4，關閉防火牆，關閉SElinux，yum安裝實現多實例   yum install mariadb-server

1：建立運行的目錄環境

[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /mysqldb/{3306,3307,3308}/{etc,socket,pid,log,data} -pv
[root@centos7 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysqldb/  指定文件夾的全部者，所屬組 ，這樣mysql對全部的文件夾起到控制的做用
[root@centos7 ~]# tree /mysqldb/

2：（建立數據庫）生成三個不用的數據庫文件放到各自的data文件夾中

[root@centos7 ~]# mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3306/data/ --user=mysql [root@centos7 ~]# mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3307/data/ --user=mysql [root@centos7 ~]# mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3308/data/ --user=mysql

三、複製模板配置文件，並進行修改配置文件

[root@centos7 ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3306/etc/ [root@centos7 ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3307/etc/ [root@centos7 ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3308/etc/ [root@centos7 ~]# vim /mysqldb/3308/etc/my.cnf [mysqld] port=3308 datadir=/mysqldb/3308/data socket=/mysqldb/3308/socket/mysql.sock symbolic-links=0 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/mysqldb/3308/log/mariadb.log pid-file=/mysqldb/3308/pid/mariadb.pid [root@centos7 ~]# cp /mysqldb/3308/etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3306/etc/my.cnf [root@centos7 ~]# cp /mysqldb/3308/etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3307/etc/my.cnf ：%s /3308/3307/g 腳本搜索全局替換

4：準備啓動服務腳本

[root@centos7 ~]# vim mysql #!bin/bash/
port=3306 #須要修改成當前實例的端口號 mysql_user="root" mysql_pwd="" cmd_path="/usr/bin" #安裝目錄下的bin mysql_basedir="/mysqldb" #實例數據庫文件所在目錄,根目錄 mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock" function_start_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "Starting MySQL...\n" ${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else printf "MySQL is running...\n" exit fi } function_stop_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "MySQL is stopped...\n" exit else printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" ${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown [root@centos7 ~]# cp mysql /mysqldb/3306/ [root@centos7 ~]# cp mysql /mysqldb/3307/ [root@centos7 ~]# cp mysql /mysqldb/3308/

5：修改腳本權限，安全保障，防止密碼被人看到

[root@centos7 ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3308/mysql [root@centos7 ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3307/mysql [root@centos7 ~]# chmod 700 /mysqldb/3306/mysql 

6：啓動服務

[root@centos7 /mysqldb]# service mysql stop  #保證本身原來的服務中止，釋放3306端口
[root@centos7 /mysqldb]#sh /mysqldb/3306/mysqld start [root@centos7 /mysqldb]#sh /mysqldb/3307/mysqld start [root@centos7 /mysqldb]#sh /mysqldb/3308/mysqld start 

#若是看到三個實例監聽的端口都打開後說明服務啓動正常

7:鏈接測試

[root@centos7 /mysqldb]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3308/socket/mysql.sock

8:​多實例搭建成功！如下命令可用來中止實例

[root@centos7 /mysqldb]# sh /mysqldb/3308/mysqld stop

9:給root加密碼

[root@centos7 /mysqldb]# mysql -S /mysqldb/3307/socket/mysql.sock Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 8 Server version: 10.2.16-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statem ent. MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '111111'; MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql; Database changed MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host from user;  MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host,password from user; +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *FD571203974BA9AFE270FE62151AE967ECA5E0AA |
| root | centos7   |                                           |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |
| root | ::1       |                                           |
|      | localhost |                                           |
|      | centos7   |                                           |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

[root@centos7 /mysqldb]# mysql -uroot -S /mysqldb/3307/socket/mysql.sock -p111111#指定密碼，再次登陸