自定義分頁器

自定義分頁器

自定義分頁器的使用,創建一個用來存儲外來的組件(utils), 建一個py文件將代碼直接拷貝過去css

# @Author   :SkyOcean  # @Time:2019/10/2914:06
# @File     :mypage.py
class Pagination(object):
    def __init__(self, current_page, all_count, per_page_num=5, pager_count=11):
        """
        封裝分頁相關數據
        :param current_page: 當前頁:current_page = request.GET.get('page',1)
        :param all_count:    數據庫中的數據總條數
        :param per_page_num: 每頁顯示的數據條數
        :param pager_count:  最多顯示的頁碼個數

        用法:
        queryset = model.objects.all()
        page_obj = Pagination(current_page,all_count)
        page_data = queryset[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
        獲取數據用page_data而再也不使用原始的queryset
        獲取前端分頁樣式用page_obj.page_html
        """
        try:
            current_page = int(current_page)
        except Exception as e:
            current_page = 1

        if current_page < 1:
            current_page = 1

        self.current_page = current_page

        self.all_count = all_count
        self.per_page_num = per_page_num

        # 總頁碼
        all_pager, tmp = divmod(all_count, per_page_num)
        if tmp:
            all_pager += 1
        self.all_pager = all_pager

        self.pager_count = pager_count
        self.pager_count_half = int((pager_count - 1) / 2)

    @property
    def start(self):
        return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_num

    @property
    def end(self):
        return self.current_page * self.per_page_num

    def page_html(self):
        # 若是總頁碼 < 11個:
        if self.all_pager <= self.pager_count:
            pager_start = 1
            pager_end = self.all_pager + 1
        # 總頁碼  > 11
        else:
            # 當前頁若是<=頁面上最多顯示11/2個頁碼
            if self.current_page <= self.pager_count_half:
                pager_start = 1
                pager_end = self.pager_count + 1

            # 當前頁大於5
            else:
                # 頁碼翻到最後
                if (self.current_page + self.pager_count_half) > self.all_pager:
                    pager_end = self.all_pager + 1
                    pager_start = self.all_pager - self.pager_count + 1
                else:
                    pager_start = self.current_page - self.pager_count_half
                    pager_end = self.current_page + self.pager_count_half + 1

        page_html_list = []
        # 添加前面的nav和ul標籤
        page_html_list.append('''
                    <nav aria-label='Page navigation>'
                    <ul class='pagination'>
                ''')
        first_page = '<li><a href="?page=%s">首頁</a></li>' % (1)
        page_html_list.append(first_page)

        if self.current_page <= 1:
            prev_page = '<li class="disabled"><a href="#">上一頁</a></li>'
        else:
            prev_page = '<li><a href="?page=%s">上一頁</a></li>' % (self.current_page - 1,)

        page_html_list.append(prev_page)

        for i in range(pager_start, pager_end):
            if i == self.current_page:
                temp = '<li class="active"><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i,)
            else:
                temp = '<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i,)
            page_html_list.append(temp)

        if self.current_page >= self.all_pager:
            next_page = '<li class="disabled"><a href="#">下一頁</a></li>'
        else:
            next_page = '<li><a href="?page=%s">下一頁</a></li>' % (self.current_page + 1,)
        page_html_list.append(next_page)

        last_page = '<li><a href="?page=%s">尾頁</a></li>' % (self.all_pager,)
        page_html_list.append(last_page)
        # 尾部添加標籤
        page_html_list.append('''
                                           </nav>
                                           </ul>
                                       ''')
        return ''.join(page_html_list)

後端

from app01.utils.mypage import Pagination
使用封裝好的分頁器代
def login(request):
    book_queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    current_page = request.GET.get('page',1)
    all_count = book_queryset.count()
    1.實例化產生對象
    page_obj = Pagination(current_page=current_page,all_count=all_count)
    2.對真實數據進行切片操做
    page_queryset = book_queryset[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
    return render(request,'login.html',locals())

前端

{% for book_obj in page_queryset %}
    <p>{{ book_obj.title }}</p>
{% endfor %}
{{ page_obj.page_html|safe }}

自定義分頁器的分析過程

views後端html

def index(request):
    # 1.獲取用戶想要訪問的頁碼數
    current_page = request.GET.get('page',1)  # 若是沒有page參數 默認就展現第一頁
    # 轉成整型
    current_page = int(current_page)
    # 2.每頁展現10條數據
    per_page_num = 10

    # 3.定義起始位置和終止位置
    start_page = (current_page - 1) * per_page_num
    end_page = current_page * per_page_num

    # 4.統計數據的總條數
    book_queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    all_count = book_queryset.count()

    # 5.求數據到底須要多少頁才能展現完
    page_num, more = divmod(all_count,per_page_num)  # divmod(100,10)
    if more:
        page_num += 1
    # page_num就以爲了 須要多少個頁碼
    page_html = ''
    xxx = current_page  # xxx就是用戶點擊的數字
    if current_page < 6:
         current_page = 6
    for i in range(current_page-5,current_page+6):
        if xxx == i:
            page_html += '<li class="active"><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>'%(i,i)
        else:
            page_html += '<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i)

    book_queryset = book_queryset[start_page:end_page]
    return render(request,'index.html',locals())

html前端前端

<table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>id</th>
        <th>書名</th>
        <th>詳情</th>
        <th>操做</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    {% for page in book_querset %}
        <tr>
            <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
            <td>{{ page.title }}</td>
            <td>{{ page.addr }}</td>
            <td>
                <a href="">添加</a>
                <a href="">刪除</a>
            </td>
        </tr>

    {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
</table>
<nav aria-label="Page navigation">
  <ul class="pagination">
    <li>
      <a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
        <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
      </a>
    </li>
      {{ page_html|safe }}
    <li>
      <a href="#" aria-label="Next">
        <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
      </a>
    </li>
  </ul>
</nav>

數據模型定義(批量操做數據)

from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Test(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32, null=True, default=None)
    age = models.IntegerField(max_length=32, null=True, default=None)

img

在urls.py文件添加一個路徑

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path("favicon.ico", RedirectView.as_view(url='static/favicon.ico')),
    re_path('^index/',views.index),
]

在views.py添加數據

批量添加單個字段

def index(request):
    product_list_to_insert = list()
    for i in range(1000):
        product_list_to_insert.append(models.Test(name='123'))
    models.Test.objects.bulk_create(product_list_to_insert)

批量添加多個字段

# ############### 添加數據 ###############    
def index(request):
    import random

    product_list_to_insert = list()
    for x in range(100):
       #注意下面的添加方式 product_list_to_insert.append(models.Test(name='apollo' + str(x), age=random.randint(18, 89)))
    models.Test.objects.bulk_create(product_list_to_insert)
    return render(request, 'index.html')

批量更新數據

批量更新數據時,先進行數據過濾,而後再調用update方法進行一次性地更新。下面的語句將生成相似update....frrom....的SQL語句。
# ############### 更新數據 ###############
Test.objects.filter(name__contains='apollo1').update(name='Jack')

批量刪除數據

批量更新數據時,先是進行數據過濾,而後再調用delete方法進行一次性刪除。
下面的語句講生成相似delete from ... where ... 的SQL語句。
# ############### 刪除數據 ###############
Test.objects.filter(name__contains='jack').delete()

建立多對多表關係的三種方式

方式1:全自動建立(推薦使用**)

優勢:好處在於 django orm會自動幫你建立第三張關係表
缺點:可是它只會幫你建立兩個表的關係字段(倆個book_id,author_id) 不會再額外添加字段
雖然方便 可是第三張表的擴展性較差 沒法隨意的添加額外的字段python

class Book(models.Model):
    ...
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')

class Author(models.Models):
    ...

方式2:純手動(不推薦使用)

本身手動添加外鍵數據庫

優勢:好處在於第三張表是能夠任意的添加額外的字段django

缺點:不足之處是在於orm查詢的時候,不少方法不支持,查詢的時候很是的麻煩bootstrap

class Book(models.Model):
                ...
                
class Author(models.Models):
    ...
            
class Book2Author(models.Model):
    book_id = models.ForeignKey(to='Book')
    author_id = models.ForeignKey(to='Author')
    create_time = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)

方式3半自動(推薦使用,擴展性高)

3.半自動(推薦使用******)
手動建表 可是你會告訴orm 第三張表是你本身建的
orm只須要給我提供方便的查詢方法
第三種雖然可使用orm查詢方法,可是不支持使用下面的方法:
add()
set()
remove()
clear()後端

class Book(models.Model):
    ...
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author', through='Book2Author', through_fields=('book','author'))#告訴django,是和那個表多對多關聯,關聯表是什麼,關聯的字段是什麼
class Author(models.Model):
    ...
    #books = models.ManyToManyField(to='Book', through='Book2Author', through_fields=('author', 'book'))
class Book2Author(models.Model):
    book = models.ForeignKey(to='Book')
    author = models.ForeignKey(to='Author')
    create_time = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)#創建額外的字段

注意app

  1. 半自動 必定要加兩個額外的參數: through='Book2Author', through_fields=('book','author')
  2. 後面字段的順序:由第三張表經過哪一個字段查詢單表 就把哪一個字段放前面
  3. 在設計項目的時候 必定要給本身留後路 防止後續的迭代更新 ,所以推薦使用方法3

Django的分頁器(paginator)簡介

在頁面顯示分頁數據,須要用到Django分頁器組件dom

from django.core.paginator import Paginator

Paginator對象:    paginator = Paginator(user_list, 10)
# per_page: 每頁顯示條目數量
# count:    數據總個數
# num_pages:總頁數
# page_range:總頁數的索引範圍,如: (1,10),(1,200)
# page:     page對象    
page對象:page=paginator.page(1)
# has_next              是否有下一頁
# next_page_number      下一頁頁碼
# has_previous          是否有上一頁
# previous_page_number  上一頁頁碼
# object_list           分頁以後的數據列表
# number                當前頁
# paginator             paginator對象

應用View層

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

# Create your views here.
from app01.models import *
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger

def index(request):

    '''
    批量導入數據:

    Booklist=[]
    for i in range(100):
        Booklist.append(Book(title="book"+str(i),price=30+i*i))
    Book.objects.bulk_create(Booklist)
    '''

    '''
分頁器的使用:

    book_list=Book.objects.all()

    paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10)

    print("count:",paginator.count)           #數據總數
    print("num_pages",paginator.num_pages)    #總頁數
    print("page_range",paginator.page_range)  #頁碼的列表



    page1=paginator.page(1) #第1頁的page對象
    for i in page1:         #遍歷第1頁的全部數據對象
        print(i)

    print(page1.object_list) #第1頁的全部數據


    page2=paginator.page(2)

    print(page2.has_next())            #是否有下一頁
    print(page2.next_page_number())    #下一頁的頁碼
    print(page2.has_previous())        #是否有上一頁
    print(page2.previous_page_number()) #上一頁的頁碼



    # 拋錯
    #page=paginator.page(12)   # error:EmptyPage

    #page=paginator.page("z")   # error:PageNotAnInteger

    '''


    book_list=Book.objects.all()

    paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10)
    page = request.GET.get('page',1)
    currentPage=int(page)


    try:
        print(page)
        book_list = paginator.page(page)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        book_list = paginator.page(1)
    except EmptyPage:
        book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)


    return render(request,"index.html",{"book_list":book_list,"paginator":paginator,"currentPage":currentPage})

模版層 index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" 
    integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <h4>分頁器</h4>
    <ul>

        {% for book in book_list %}
             <li>{{ book.title }} -----{{ book.price }}</li>
        {% endfor %}

     </ul>


    <ul class="pagination" id="pager">

                 {% if book_list.has_previous %}
                    <li class="previous"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.previous_page_number }}">上一頁</a></li>
                 {% else %}
                    <li class="previous disabled"><a href="#">上一頁</a></li>
                 {% endif %}


                 {% for num in paginator.page_range %}

                     {% if num == currentPage %}
                       <li class="item active"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li>
                     {% else %}
                       <li class="item"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li>

                     {% endif %}
                 {% endfor %}



                 {% if book_list.has_next %}
                    <li class="next"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.next_page_number }}">下一頁</a></li>
                 {% else %}
                    <li class="next disabled"><a href="#">下一頁</a></li>
                 {% endif %}

            </ul>
</div>



</body>
</html>

擴展(可看)

'''
    顯示左5,右5,總共11個頁,
    1 若是總頁碼大於11
        1.1 if 當前頁碼減5小於1,要生成1到12的列表(顧頭不顧尾,共11個頁碼)
            page_range=range(1,12)
        1.2 elif 當前頁碼+5大於總頁碼,生成當前頁碼減10,到當前頁碼加1的列表(顧頭不顧尾,共11個頁碼)
            page_range=range(paginator.num_pages-10,paginator.num_pages+1)
        1.3 else 生成當前頁碼-5,到當前頁碼+6的列表
            page_range=range(current_page_num-5,current_page_num+6)
    2 其它狀況,生成的列表就是pageinator的page_range
        page_range=paginator.page_range

    '''
def index(request):


    book_list=Book.objects.all()

    paginator = Paginator(book_list, 15)
    page = request.GET.get('page',1)
    currentPage=int(page)

    #  若是頁數十分多時,換另一種顯示方式
    if paginator.num_pages>11:

        if currentPage-5<1:
            pageRange=range(1,11)
        elif currentPage+5>paginator.num_pages:
            pageRange=range(currentPage-5,paginator.num_pages+1)

        else:
            pageRange=range(currentPage-5,currentPage+5)

    else:
        pageRange=paginator.page_range


    try:
        print(page)
        book_list = paginator.page(page)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        book_list = paginator.page(1)
    except EmptyPage:
        book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)


    return render(request,"index.html",locals())
def page_test(request):
    # book_list=[]
    # for i in range(100):
    #     book=Book(name='book%s'%i,price=10+i,pub_date='2018-09-18',publish_id=1)
    #     book_list.append(book)
    # Book.objects.bulk_create(book_list,10)
    book_list=Book.objects.all()
    # 生成paginator對象,傳入書籍列表,每頁10條數據
    paginator=Paginator(book_list,3)
    # 總頁碼數
    print(paginator.num_pages)
    # 頁碼列表
    print(paginator.page_range)
    # 總數據
    print(paginator.count)
    # 獲取頁面傳來的頁碼
    current_page=int(request.GET.get('page',1))
    page_range=[]
    # 左5 右5

    # 獲取頁面傳來的頁碼的page對象
    try:
        page=paginator.page(current_page)
        # print(page.has_next())            #是否有下一頁
        # print(page.next_page_number())    #下一頁的頁碼
        # print(page.has_previous())        #是否有上一頁
        # print(page.previous_page_number()) #上一頁的頁碼
        # 循環打印出當頁對象
        for i in page:
            print(i)
    except Exception as e:
        current_page=1
        page = paginator.page(1)
    if paginator.num_pages>11:
        if current_page+5>paginator.num_pages:
            page_range=range(paginator.num_pages-10,paginator.num_pages+1)
        elif current_page-5<1:
            page_range=range(1,12)
        else:
            page_range=range(current_page-5,current_page+6)
    else:
        page_range=paginator.page_range



    return render(request,'page_test.html',locals())
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<ul>

    {% for foo in page %}
        <li>{{ foo.name }}</li>

    {% endfor %}

</ul>
<nav aria-label="Page navigation">
    <ul class="pagination">
        {% if page.has_previous %}
            <li>
                <a href="/page_test/?page={{ page.previous_page_number }}" aria-label="Previous">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">上一頁</span>
                </a>
            </li>
        {% else %}
            <li class="disabled">
                <a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">上一頁</span>
                </a>
            </li>
        {% endif %}

        {% for foo in page_range %}
            {% if current_page == foo %}
                <li class="active"><a href="/page_test/?page={{ foo }}">{{ foo }}</a></li>
            {% else %}
                <li><a href="/page_test/?page={{ foo }}">{{ foo }}</a></li>
            {% endif %}

        {% endfor %}
        {% if page.has_next %}
            <li>
                <a href="/page_test/?page={{ page.next_page_number }}" aria-label="Next">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">下一頁</span>
                </a>
            </li>
        {% else %}
            <li class="disabled">
                <a href="#" aria-label="Next">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">下一頁</span>
                </a>
            </li>

        {% endif %}

    </ul>
</nav>


</body>
</html>
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