Maven 是專門用於構建和管理Java相關項目的工具,利用 Maven 的主要目的是統一維護 jar 包。關於 Maven 的安裝在這篇裏面就不說了。html
SSM(Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis)框架集由Spring、MyBatis兩個開源框架整合而成(SpringMVC是Spring中的部份內容)。常做爲數據源較簡單的web項目的框架。關於SSM框架的基本思想這裏也不贅述了,主要是記錄 Maven 整合 SSM 的過程。前端
借用以前學習的課本上的一段話,講述 SSM 的整合思路:java
因爲Spring MVC是Spring框架中的一個模塊,因此Spring MVC與Spring之間不存在整合的問題,只要引入相應JAR包就能夠直接使用。所以SSM框架的整合就只涉及到了Spring與MyBatis的整合,以及Spring MVC與MyBatis的整合。Spring與MyBatis框架的整合時,mysql
經過Spring實例化Bean,而後調用實例對象中的查詢方法來執行MyBatis映射文件中的SQL語句的,若是可以正確查詢出數據庫中的數據,那麼就能夠認爲Spring與MyBatis框架整合成功。加入Spring MVC後,若是能夠經過前臺頁面來執行查詢方法,而且查詢出的數據能git
夠在頁面中正確顯示,那麼就能夠認爲三大框架整合成功。github
有報錯,打開項目屬性,找到Java Build Path -> Libraries ->Edit ->Workspace default web
問題解決spring
前述中我也說了,利用 Maven 的目的就是要統一維護 jar 包,而jar包的維護則是經過一個 pom.xml 文件來實現的,咱們能夠在目錄中看到一個 pom.xml 文件,項目的 jar 包也正是要經過這個文件導入。sql
1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 2 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> 3 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 4 <groupId>com.cjk</groupId> 5 <artifactId>ssm</artifactId> 6 <packaging>war</packaging> 7 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 8 <name>ssm Maven Webapp</name> 9 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> 10 11 <properties> 12 <!-- spring版本號 --> 13 <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> 14 <!-- mybatis版本號 --> 15 <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version> 16 <!-- log4j日誌文件管理包版本 --> 17 <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version> 18 <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> 19 </properties> 20 <dependencies> 21 <dependency> 22 <groupId>junit</groupId> 23 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 24 <version>3.8.1</version> 25 <scope>test</scope> 26 </dependency> 27 <!-- 導入java ee jar包(能夠去除index.jsp報錯) --> 28 <dependency> 29 <groupId>javax</groupId> 30 <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> 31 <version>7.0</version> 32 </dependency> 33 <dependency> 34 <groupId>junit</groupId> 35 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 36 <version>4.11</version> 37 <!-- 表示開發的時候引入,發佈的時候不會加載此包 --> 38 <scope>test</scope> 39 </dependency> 40 <!-- spring核心包 --> 41 <dependency> 42 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 43 <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> 44 <version>${spring.version}</version> 45 </dependency> 46 <dependency> 47 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 48 <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> 49 <version>${spring.version}</version> 50 </dependency> 51 <dependency> 52 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 53 <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId> 54 <version>${spring.version}</version> 55 </dependency> 56 <dependency> 57 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 58 <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> 59 <version>${spring.version}</version> 60 </dependency> 61 <dependency> 62 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 63 <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> 64 <version>${spring.version}</version> 65 </dependency> 66 <dependency> 67 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 68 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 69 <version>${spring.version}</version> 70 </dependency> 71 <dependency> 72 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 73 <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> 74 <version>${spring.version}</version> 75 </dependency> 76 <dependency> 77 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 78 <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> 79 <version>${spring.version}</version> 80 </dependency> 81 <dependency> 82 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 83 <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> 84 <version>${spring.version}</version> 85 </dependency> 86 <!-- mybatis核心包 --> 87 <dependency> 88 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> 89 <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> 90 <version>${mybatis.version}</version> 91 </dependency> 92 <!-- mybatis/spring包 --> 93 <dependency> 94 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> 95 <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> 96 <version>1.2.2</version> 97 </dependency> 98 <!-- 導入Mysql數據庫連接jar包 --> 99 <dependency> 100 <groupId>mysql</groupId> 101 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 102 <version>5.1.30</version> 103 </dependency> 104 <!-- 導入dbcp的jar包,用來在applicationContext.xml中配置數據庫 --> 105 <dependency> 106 <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> 107 <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> 108 <version>1.2.2</version> 109 </dependency> 110 <!-- JSTL標籤類 --> 111 <dependency> 112 <groupId>jstl</groupId> 113 <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> 114 <version>1.2</version> 115 </dependency> 116 <!-- 日誌文件管理包 --> 117 <!-- log start --> 118 <dependency> 119 <groupId>log4j</groupId> 120 <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> 121 <version>${log4j.version}</version> 122 </dependency> 123 <!-- 格式化對象,方便輸出日誌 --> 124 <dependency> 125 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> 126 <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> 127 <version>1.1.41</version> 128 </dependency> 129 <dependency> 130 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 131 <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 132 <version>${slf4j.version}</version> 133 </dependency> 134 <dependency> 135 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 136 <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> 137 <version>${slf4j.version}</version> 138 </dependency> 139 <!-- log end --> 140 <!-- 映入JSON --> 141 <dependency> 142 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> 143 <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> 144 <version>1.9.13</version> 145 </dependency> 146 <!-- 上傳組件包 --> 147 <dependency> 148 <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> 149 <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> 150 <version>1.3.1</version> 151 </dependency> 152 <dependency> 153 <groupId>commons-io</groupId> 154 <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> 155 <version>2.4</version> 156 </dependency> 157 <dependency> 158 <groupId>commons-codec</groupId> 159 <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId> 160 <version>1.9</version> 161 </dependency> 162 <!-- 自動生成 --> 163 <dependency> 164 <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> 165 <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId> 166 <version>1.3.6</version> 167 </dependency> 168 169 170 </dependencies> 171 <build> 172 <finalName>ssm</finalName> 173 <plugins> 174 <plugin> 175 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 176 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 177 <version>3.5.1</version> 178 <configuration> 179 <source>1.8</source> 180 <target>1.8</target> 181 <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> 182 </configuration> 183 </plugin> 184 </plugins> 185 </build> 186 </project>
1 jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 2 jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis 3 jdbc.username=root 4 jdbc.password=密碼
1 #定義LOG輸出級別 2 log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File 3 #定義日誌輸出目的地爲控制檯 4 log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender 5 log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out 6 #能夠靈活地指定日誌輸出格式,下面一行是指定具體的格式 7 log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout 8 log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n 9 #文件大小到達指定尺寸的時候產生一個新的文件 10 log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender 11 #指定輸出目錄 12 log4j.appender.File.File = logs/springmvcMybist/ssm.log 13 #定義文件最大大小 14 log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB 15 #輸出因此日誌,若是換成DEBUG表示輸出DEBUG以上級別日誌 16 log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL 17 log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
applicationContext.xml 是spring 的配置文件,讀取 db.properties 文件的配置和數據源配置,配置事務管理器、開啓事務註解。配置用於整合 Mybatis 框架的 Mybatis 工廠信息,定義 mapper 掃描器來掃描 DAO 和 Service 層的配置。數據庫
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 4 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 5 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 6 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd 7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd 8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd 9 http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"> 10 11 <!-- 讀取db.properties --> 12 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> 13 <!-- 配置數據源 --> 14 <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> 15 <!-- 數據庫驅動 --> 16 <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> 17 <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> 18 <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> 19 <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> 20 </bean> 21 <!-- 事務管理器,依賴於數據源 --> 22 <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> 23 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> 24 </bean> 25 <!-- 開啓事務註解 --> 26 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> 27 <!-- 配置MyBatis工廠 SqlSessionFactory --> 28 <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> 29 <!-- 注入數據源 --> 30 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> 31 <!-- 指定Mybatis核心配置文件位置 --> 32 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> 33 </bean> 34 <!-- 配置mapper掃描器 --> 35 <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> 36 <property name="basePackage" value="dao"/> 37 </bean> 38 <!-- 掃描Service --> 39 <context:component-scan base-package="service"/> 40 </beans>
由於已經在 Spring 中配置了數據源信息以及 mapper 接口文件掃描器,因此在 Mybatis 的配置文件中只須要根據 POJO 類路徑進行別名配置。
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 2 <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" 3 "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> 4 <configuration> 5 <!-- 別名定義 --> 6 <typeAliases> 7 <package name="po"/> 8 </typeAliases> 9 </configuration>
配置用於掃描 @Controller 註解的包掃描器、註解驅動器以及視圖解析器。
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 4 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 5 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 6 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd 7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd 8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> 9 <!-- 配置包掃描器,掃描@Controller註解的類 --> 10 <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/> 11 <!-- 加載註解驅動 --> 12 <mvc:annotation-driven/> 13 <!-- 配置視圖解析器 --> 14 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 15 <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> 16 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> 17 </bean> 18 </beans>
配置 spring 的文件監聽器、編碼過濾器以及 Spring MVC 的前端控制器等信息。
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 3 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 5 version="3.0"> 6 <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> 7 8 <!-- 配置加載Spring文件的監聽器 --> 9 <context-param> 10 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 11 <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> 12 </context-param> 13 <listener> 14 <listener-class> 15 org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener 16 </listener-class> 17 </listener> 18 <!-- 編碼過濾器 --> 19 <filter> 20 <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> 21 <filter-class> 22 org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter 23 </filter-class> 24 <init-param> 25 <param-name>encoding</param-name> 26 <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 27 </init-param> 28 </filter> 29 <filter-mapping> 30 <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> 31 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 32 </filter-mapping> 33 <!-- 配置SpringMVC前端核心控制器 --> 34 <servlet> 35 <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> 36 <servlet-class> 37 org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet 38 </servlet-class> 39 <init-param> 40 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 41 <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value> 42 </init-param> 43 <!-- 配置服務器啓動後當即加載SpringMVC配置文件 --> 44 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 45 </servlet> 46 <servlet-mapping> 47 <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> 48 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 49 </servlet-mapping> 50 </web-app>
到這裏利用 Maven 整合 SSM 框架的全部操做已經完成了,那麼接下來讓咱們驗證一下,剛剛的整合操做是否存在問題呢?
用於映射數據庫表的持久化類。
1 package po; 2 3 public class Student { 4 private Integer id; 5 private String stuno; 6 private String name; 7 private Integer age; 8 public Integer getId() { 9 return id; 10 } 11 public void setId(Integer id) { 12 this.id = id; 13 } 14 public String getStuno() { 15 return stuno; 16 } 17 public void setStuno(String stuno) { 18 this.stuno = stuno; 19 } 20 public String getName() { 21 return name; 22 } 23 public void setName(String name) { 24 this.name = name; 25 } 26 public Integer getAge() { 27 return age; 28 } 29 public void setAge(Integer age) { 30 this.age = age; 31 } 32 @Override 33 public String toString() { 34 return "Student [id=" + id + ", stuno=" + stuno + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]"; 35 } 36 }
接口文件中定義類一個根據 id 查詢學生信息的方法。
映射文件中變細了對應這個方法的 sql 語句。
1 package dao; 2 3 import po.Student; 4 5 public interface StudentDao { 6 public Student findStudentById(Integer id); 7 }
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 2 <!DOCTYPE mapper 3 PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" 4 "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> 5 <mapper namespace="dao.StudentDao"> 6 <select id="findStudentById" parameterType="Integer" resultType="Student"> 7 select * from t_stu_ex51 where id=#{id} 8 </select> 9 </mapper>
定義經過 id 查詢學生信息的方法
1 package service; 2 3 import po.Student; 4 5 public interface StudentService { 6 public Student findStudentById(Integer id); 7 }
在類中調用了 CustomerDao 的查詢學生信息的方法。
實現類採用了基於註解的形式, @Service 註解標識業務層的實現類, @Transactional 註解標識類中的全部方法都進行了 spring 中的事務管理, @Autowired 註解將 CustomerDao 接口對象注入到類中。
1 package service.impl; 2 3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 5 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; 6 7 import dao.StudentDao; 8 import po.Student; 9 import service.StudentService; 10 11 @Service 12 @Transactional 13 public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService { 14 15 @Autowired 16 private StudentDao studentDao; 17 18 public Student findStudentById(Integer id) { 19 return this.studentDao.findStudentById(id); 20 } 21 }
用於處理頁面請求的控制器類 CustomerController,編寫了一個根據 id 查詢學生信息的方法,該方法將獲取到的學生信息返回到了 student 視圖中,即 student.jsp 頁面中。
採用了基於註解的形式, @Controller 來標識控制器類, @Autowired 將 StudentService 接口對象注入到類中
1 package controller; 2 3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 5 import org.springframework.ui.Model; 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 7 8 import po.Student; 9 import service.StudentService; 10 11 @Controller 12 public class StudentController { 13 @Autowired 14 private StudentService studentService; 15 @RequestMapping("/findStudentById") 16 public String findStudentById(Integer id, Model model) { 17 Student student = studentService.findStudentById(id); 18 model.addAttribute("student", student); 19 return "student"; 20 } 21 }
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 2 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 3 <!DOCTYPE html> 4 <html> 5 <head> 6 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 7 <title>學生信息</title> 8 </head> 9 <body> 10 <table border="1"> 11 <tr> 12 <td>編號</td> 13 <td>學號</td> 14 <td>姓名</td> 15 <td>年齡</td> 16 </tr> 17 <tr> 18 <td>${student.id}</td> 19 <td>${student.stuno}</td> 20 <td>${student.name}</td> 21 <td>${student.age}</td> 22 </tr> 23 </table> 24 </body> 25 </html>
寫這篇博客主要是爲了記錄一下 Maven 整合框架的基本操做。實現的功能也都是最基本的功能。就當留個印象,之後再開發項目能夠回過頭來看。