web自動化框架抽取示例【Java+selenium】

web自動化測試框架抽取示例

例子：測試登陸模塊，對登陸的帳號和密碼進行不一樣的case校驗。

1.1.1 無優化代碼login_1

package com.lee.auto.testFrome; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;   public class login_1 {        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {               System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("11111111");        driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();                             System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver1 = new ChromeDriver();               driver1.get("測試url");            driver1.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver1.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("1111");        driver1.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver1.close();                             System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver2 = new ChromeDriver();               driver2.get("測試url");               driver2.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15720000001");               driver2.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("11111111");        driver2.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver2.close();        } }

1.1.2 初步抽取login_2

以上代碼實現帳號、密碼的三種驗證，下面首先對這三種驗證進行方法的抽取，代碼以下：

package com.lee.auto.testFrome; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;   public class login_2 {        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException  {               case_1();               case_2();               case_3();        }        private static void case_1() throws InterruptedException {               System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15920000001");;               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("11111111");;   driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }        private static void case_2() throws InterruptedException {               System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15920000001");;               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("1111");;        driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }        private static void case_3() throws InterruptedException {               System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15720000001");;               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("11111111");;        driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        } }

方法抽取方式以下：

在main函數中選取須要抽取方法的代碼，右鍵選擇refactor-extract method便可進行抽取。

 

1.1.3 工具類封裝login_3

對生成的chrome驅動進行工具類的封裝。

package com.lee.auto.testFrome; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class exploreTool {        //方法的抽取        public static ChromeDriver getChromeDriver() {               System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();               return driver;        } }

 

package com.lee.auto.testFrome; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;   public class login_3 {        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException  {               case_1();               case_2();               case_3();        }        private static void case_1() throws InterruptedException {               ChromeDriver driver = exploreTool.getChromeDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15920000001");;               driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("11111111");;        driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }        private static void case_2() throws InterruptedException {               ChromeDriver driver1 = exploreTool.getChromeDriver();               driver1.get("測試url");               driver1.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver1.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("1111");        driver1.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver1.close();        }        private static void case_3() throws InterruptedException {               ChromeDriver driver2 = exploreTool.getChromeDriver();               driver2.get("測試url");               driver2.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"username\"]")).sendKeys("15720000001");               driver2.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"password\"]")).sendKeys("11111111");        driver2.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/form/section[3]/span/input")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver2.close();        } }

 

下面代碼爲三個瀏覽器進行登陸實現。

package com.lee.auto.testFrome;   import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriverService; import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;   public class exploreTool {        // 方法的抽取        public static ChromeDriver getChromeDriver() {               System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");               ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();               return driver;        }          public static FirefoxDriver getFirefoxDriver() {               System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Program\\firefox47.0.2\\bin\\firefox.exe");               FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();               return driver;        }          public static InternetExplorerDriver getIEDriver() {               System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/IEDriverServer32.exe");               InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();               return driver;        } }

 

package com.lee.auto.testFrome; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.Keys; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;   public class login_4 {          public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {               case_1();               case_2();               case_3();        }          private static void case_1() throws InterruptedException {               ChromeDriver driver = exploreTool.getChromeDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }          private static void case_2() throws InterruptedException {               FirefoxDriver driver = exploreTool.getFirefoxDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }          private static void case_3() throws InterruptedException {               InternetExplorerDriver driver = exploreTool.getIEDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               // 直接使用click點擊無效，採用keys.enter方式進行登陸               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        } }

IE報錯1：

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException: Unable to find element on closed window (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)

解決方法：須要把IE安全設置的四個區域的保護模式設置一致。

IE問題2：

頁面能夠找到登陸元素，可是click無效。

解決方法：採用keys.enter方式進行登陸。

IE問題3：

找到帳號、密碼文本框後輸入值特別慢。

解決方法：將IEDriverServer由64位的換爲32位的。

1.1.4 多態的使用login_5

對於多個瀏覽器的驅動生成，能夠藉助webdriver接口進行多態實現。

經過傳入的參數值來判斷所需的瀏覽器類型。

package com.lee.auto.login;   import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;   public class exploreTool_1 {               public static WebDriver getexploreDriver(String exploreType) {                             WebDriver driver = null;               //判斷爲chrome               if (exploreType.equals("chrome")) {                      System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");                      driver = new ChromeDriver();               }               //判斷爲Firefox               else if (exploreType.equals("firefox")) {                      System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Program\\firefox47.0.2\\bin\\firefox.exe");                      driver = new FirefoxDriver();               }               //判斷爲IE               else if (exploreType.equals("ie")) {                      System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/IEDriverServer32.exe");                      driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();               }               return driver;    } }

 

package com.lee.auto.login;   import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.Keys; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;   public class login_5 {          public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {               case_1();               case_2();               case_3();        }          private static void case_1() throws InterruptedException {               WebDriver driver = exploreTool_1.getexploreDriver("chrome");               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }          private static void case_2() throws InterruptedException {               WebDriver driver = exploreTool_1.getexploreDriver("firefox");               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).click();               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }          private static void case_3() throws InterruptedException {               WebDriver driver = exploreTool_1.getexploreDriver("ie");               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               // 直接使用click點擊無效，採用keys.enter方式進行登陸               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        } }

1.1.5 配置文件的使用login_6

若多條用例都須要經過exploreTool_1.getexploreDriver方法來獲取瀏覽器驅動，一旦須要切換瀏覽器，就須要大量修改代碼來完成。爲了不此問題，將變更數據採用配置文件方式傳入，實現數據和代碼的分離。

1.1.5.1新建配置文件

新建配置文件，自定義參數值。

參數值定義格式：

key = value

 

1.1.5.2讀取參數

步驟以下：

• 建立屬性對象
• 加載配置文件
• 獲取文件中屬性值

auto.browserType = ie

 

package com.lee.auto.login; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Properties; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;   public class exploreTool_2 {               public static WebDriver getexploreDriver() {               //讀取配置文件               //建立屬性對象               Properties properties = new Properties();               //對加載的文件拋出找不到文件時的異常               try {                      //經過屬性對象加載文件                      properties.load(new FileInputStream("src/config.properties"));               } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();               } catch (IOException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();               }               //獲取配置文件中的屬性值               String exploreType = properties.getProperty("auto.browserType");                             WebDriver driver = null;               //判斷爲chrome               if (exploreType.equals("chrome")) {                      System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/chromedriver.exe");                      driver = new ChromeDriver();               }               //判斷爲Firefox               else if (exploreType.equals("firefox")) {                      System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Program\\firefox47.0.2\\bin\\firefox.exe");                      driver = new FirefoxDriver();               }               //判斷爲IE               else if (exploreType.equals("ie")) {                      System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/IEDriverServer32.exe");                      driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();               }               return driver;    } }

 

package com.lee.auto.login; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.Keys; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;   public class login_6 {          public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{               case_1();               case_2();               case_3();        }          private static void case_1() throws InterruptedException{               WebDriver driver = exploreTool_2.getexploreDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }          private static void case_2() throws InterruptedException{               WebDriver driver = exploreTool_2.getexploreDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("15920000001");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("1111");               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        }          private static void case_3() throws InterruptedException{               WebDriver driver = exploreTool_2.getexploreDriver();               driver.get("測試url");               driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("");               driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("11111111");               // 直接使用click點擊無效，採用keys.enter方式進行登陸               driver.findElement(By.name("submit")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);               Thread.sleep(5000);               driver.close();        } }