在管理證書以前,你須要瞭解kubernetes如何使用PKI證書的相關知識:官方文檔node
check-expiration 可用於檢查證書過時時間:api
kubeadm alpha certs check-expiration
輸出以下內容;安全
CERTIFICATE EXPIRES RESIDUAL TIME EXTERNALLY MANAGED admin.conf Oct 06, 2020 03:56 UTC 364d no apiserver Oct 06, 2020 10:41 UTC 364d no apiserver-etcd-client Oct 06, 2020 03:55 UTC 364d no apiserver-kubelet-client Oct 06, 2020 03:55 UTC 364d no controller-manager.conf Oct 06, 2020 03:56 UTC 364d no etcd-healthcheck-client Oct 02, 2020 12:14 UTC 361d no etcd-peer Oct 02, 2020 12:14 UTC 361d no etcd-server Oct 02, 2020 12:14 UTC 361d no front-proxy-client Oct 06, 2020 03:55 UTC 364d no scheduler.conf Oct 06, 2020 03:56 UTC 364d no
該命令顯示了 全部證書的到期/剩餘時間,包括在etc/kubernetes/pki目錄下的客戶端證書及由kubeadm嵌入到KUBECONFIG文件中的客戶端證書(admin.conf,controller-manager.conf和scheduler.conf)。app
注意:ide
- kubelet.conf未包含在上面的列表中,由於kubeadm將已將其配置爲自動更新。
- kubeadm沒法管理由外部CA簽名的證書。
自動續訂指的是,在用kubeadm升級控制平面時 自動更新全部證書。ui
若是對證書續約沒有要求,並按期升級kubernetes版本,每次升級間隔時間少於1年,最佳作法是常常升級集羣以確保安全。this
若是不想在升級集羣時續約證書,則給 kubeadm upgrade apply 或 kubeadm upgrade node 傳遞參數:--certificate-renewal=falserest
使用 kubeadm alpha certs renew 命令 能夠隨時手動續訂證書,該命令使用存儲在/etc/kubernetes/pki中的 CA (or front-proxy-CA)證書和密鑰來更新證書。code
若是是HA集羣,則在全部控制平面執行。server
kubeadm alpha certs 命令詳解:
Available Commands: certificate-key 生成證書和key check-expiration 檢測證書過時時間 renew 續訂Kubernetes集羣的證書
用的最多的續訂證書的 renew子命令,如今來看下該命令幫助:
root@k8s-master:~# kubeadm alpha certs renew -h This command is not meant to be run on its own. See list of available subcommands. Usage: kubeadm alpha certs renew [flags] kubeadm alpha certs renew [command] Available Commands: admin.conf Renew the certificate embedded in the kubeconfig file for the admin to use and for kubeadm itself all Renew all available certificates apiserver Renew the certificate for serving the Kubernetes API apiserver-etcd-client Renew the certificate the apiserver uses to access etcd apiserver-kubelet-client Renew the certificate for the API server to connect to kubelet controller-manager.conf Renew the certificate embedded in the kubeconfig file for the controller manager to use etcd-healthcheck-client Renew the certificate for liveness probes to healtcheck etcd etcd-peer Renew the certificate for etcd nodes to communicate with each other etcd-server Renew the certificate for serving etcd front-proxy-client Renew the certificate for the front proxy client scheduler.conf Renew the certificate embedded in the kubeconfig file for the scheduler manager to use Flags: -h, --help help for renew Global Flags: --log-file string If non-empty, use this log file --log-file-max-size uint Defines the maximum size a log file can grow to. Unit is megabytes. If the value is 0, the maximum file size is unlimited. (default 1800) --rootfs string [EXPERIMENTAL] The path to the 'real' host root filesystem. --skip-headers If true, avoid header prefixes in the log messages --skip-log-headers If true, avoid headers when opening log files -v, --v Level number for the log level verbosity
如上所知,指定某個證書就能續訂該證書,指定 all
則續訂全部證書。
命令執行後,注意:
kubeadm alpha certs命令僅支持v1.15及其以上的版本。
從上面檢測中知道,當前 apiserver.crt 到期時間是 Oct 06, 2020 03:55 UTC ,剩餘364d。
1. 執行renew更新:
root@k8s-master:~# kubeadm alpha certs renew apiserver certificate for serving the Kubernetes API renewed
2. 重啓控制平面:
重啓kubelet會自動從新建立核心組件
systemctl restart kubelet
3. 驗證:
root@k8s-master:~# kubeadm alpha certs check-expiration CERTIFICATE EXPIRES RESIDUAL TIME EXTERNALLY MANAGED apiserver Oct 06, 2020 10:41 UTC 364d no
apiserver證書到期時間發生了變化, 不過不是順延一年, 而是 從你 執行renew成功的時間開始續簽一年。
若是要將全部證書續簽一年,則執行:
kubeadm alpha certs renew all
經過外部CA簽發證書,須要kubeadm 生成一個CSR提交給CA。
1. 生成CSR和私鑰:
kubeadm alpha certs renew apiserver --csr-only --csr-dir /tmp/apiserver.csr
2. 查看CSR和私鑰:
命令輸出結果中提供了CSR和私鑰。
root@k8s-master:~# ls /tmp/apiserver.csr/ apiserver.csr apiserver.key
3. 使用該私鑰到CA上請求籤發證書。
將頒發的證書及私鑰複製到PKI目錄/etc/kubernetes/pki中。