HBase經常使用命令

• 進入shell

[hadoop@indb-3-136-hzifc bin]$ echo $HBASE_HOME /data/program/hbase [hadoop@indb-3-136-hzifc bin]$ /data/program/hbase/bin/hbase shell SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/data/program/hbase-1.2.0-cdh5.8.3/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/data/program/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.8.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory] HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands. Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell Version 1.2.0-cdh5.8.3, rUnknown, Wed Oct 12 20:33:08 PDT 2016 hbase(main):035:0> whoami hadoop (auth:SIMPLE)  groups: hadoop

• 表結構

1. 建立表

語法：create <table>, {NAME => <family>, VERSIONS => <VERSIONS>}
建立一個User表，而且有一個info列族

hbase(main):002:0> create 'User','info' 0 row(s) in 1.5890 seconds => Hbase::Table - User

3. 查看全部表

hbase(main):003:0> list TABLE SYSTEM.CATALOG SYSTEM.FUNCTION SYSTEM.SEQUENCE SYSTEM.STATS TEST.USER User 6 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds => ["SYSTEM.CATALOG", "SYSTEM.FUNCTION", "SYSTEM.SEQUENCE", "SYSTEM.STATS", "TEST.USER", "User"]

4. 查看錶詳情

hbase(main):004:0> describe 'User' Table User is ENABLED User COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION {NAME => 'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FORE VER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'} 1 row(s) in 0.1410 seconds hbase(main):025:0> desc 'User' Table User is ENABLED User COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION {NAME => 'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FORE VER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'} 1 row(s) in 0.0380 seconds

5. 表修改

刪除指定的列族

hbase(main):002:0> alter 'User', 'delete' => 'info' Updating all regions with the new schema... 1/1 regions updated. Done. 0 row(s) in 2.5340 seconds

• 表數據

1. 插入數據

語法：put <table>,<rowkey>,<family:column>,<value>

hbase(main):005:0> put 'User', 'row1', 'info:name', 'xiaoming' 0 row(s) in 0.1200 seconds hbase(main):006:0> put 'User', 'row2', 'info:age', '18' 0 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds hbase(main):007:0> put 'User', 'row3', 'info:sex', 'man' 0 row(s) in 0.0030 seconds

2. 根據rowKey查詢某個記錄

語法：get <table>,<rowkey>,[<family:column>,....]

hbase(main):008:0> get 'User', 'row2' COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1502368069926, value=18 1 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds hbase(main):028:0> get 'User', 'row3', 'info:sex' COLUMN CELL info:sex timestamp=1502368093636, value=man hbase(main):036:0> get 'User', 'row1', {COLUMN => 'info:name'} COLUMN CELL info:name timestamp=1502368030841, value=xiaoming 1 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds

3. 查詢全部記錄

語法：scan <table>, {COLUMNS => [ <family:column>,.... ], LIMIT => num}
掃描全部記錄

hbase(main):009:0> scan 'User' ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=info:name, timestamp=1502368030841, value=xiaoming row2 column=info:age, timestamp=1502368069926, value=18 row3 column=info:sex, timestamp=1502368093636, value=man 3 row(s) in 0.0380 seconds

掃描前2條

hbase(main):037:0> scan 'User', {LIMIT => 2} ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=info:name, timestamp=1502368030841, value=xiaoming row2 column=info:age, timestamp=1502368069926, value=18 2 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds

範圍查詢

hbase(main):011:0> scan 'User', {STARTROW => 'row2'} ROW COLUMN+CELL row2 column=info:age, timestamp=1502368069926, value=18 row3 column=info:sex, timestamp=1502368093636, value=man 2 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds hbase(main):012:0> scan 'User', {STARTROW => 'row2', ENDROW => 'row2'} ROW COLUMN+CELL row2 column=info:age, timestamp=1502368069926, value=18 1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds hbase(main):013:0> scan 'User', {STARTROW => 'row2', ENDROW => 'row3'} ROW COLUMN+CELL row2 column=info:age, timestamp=1502368069926, value=18 1 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds

另外，還能夠添加TIMERANGE和FITLER等高級功能

STARTROW,ENDROW必須大寫，不然報錯;查詢結果不包含等於ENDROW的結果集

4. 統計表記錄數
語法：count <table>, {INTERVAL => intervalNum, CACHE => cacheNum}

INTERVAL設置多少行顯示一次及對應的rowkey，默認1000；CACHE每次去取的緩存區大小，默認是10，調整該參數可提升查詢速度

hbase(main):020:0> count 'User' 3 row(s) in 0.0360 seconds => 3

5. 刪除

刪除列

hbase(main):008:0> delete 'User', 'row1', 'info:age' 0 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds

刪除全部行

hbase(main):014:0> deleteall 'User', 'row2' 0 row(s) in 0.0090 seconds

刪除表中全部數據

hbase(main):016:0> truncate 'User' Truncating 'User' table (it may take a while): - Disabling table... - Truncating table... 0 row(s) in 3.6610 seconds

• 表管理

1. 禁用表

hbase(main):014:0> disable 'User' 0 row(s) in 2.2660 seconds hbase(main):015:0> describe 'User' Table User is DISABLED User COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION {NAME => 'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FORE VER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'} 1 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds hbase(main):016:0> scan 'User', {STARTROW => 'row2', ENDROW => 'row3'} ROW COLUMN+CELL ERROR: User is disabled.

2. 啓用表

hbase(main):017:0> enable 'User' 0 row(s) in 1.3470 seconds hbase(main):018:0> describe 'User' Table User is ENABLED User COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION {NAME => 'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FORE VER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'} 1 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds hbase(main):019:0> scan 'User', {STARTROW => 'row2', ENDROW => 'row3'} ROW COLUMN+CELL row2 column=info:age, timestamp=1502368069926, value=18 1 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds

3. 測試表是否存在

hbase(main):022:0> exists 'User' Table User does exist 0 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds hbase(main):023:0> exists 'user' Table user does not exist 0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds hbase(main):024:0> exists user NameError: undefined local variable or method `user' for #<Object:0x412ebe64>

4. 刪除表

刪除前，必須先disable

hbase(main):030:0> drop 'TEST.USER' ERROR: Table TEST.USER is enabled. Disable it first. Here is some help for this command: Drop the named table. Table must first be disabled: hbase> drop 't1' hbase> drop 'ns1:t1' hbase(main):031:0> disable 'TEST.USER' 0 row(s) in 2.2640 seconds hbase(main):033:0> drop 'TEST.USER' 0 row(s) in 1.2490 seconds hbase(main):034:0> list TABLE SYSTEM.CATALOG SYSTEM.FUNCTION SYSTEM.SEQUENCE SYSTEM.STATS User 5 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds => ["SYSTEM.CATALOG", "SYSTEM.FUNCTION", "SYSTEM.SEQUENCE", "SYSTEM.STATS", "User"]