Python模塊-time模塊

time 經常使用模塊

---

time.time

記錄當前時間戳

示例：記錄運行代碼的時間

start_time = time.time
[期間運行了不少不少代碼]
end_time = time.time
print("代碼運行了",start_time - end_time)

time.sleep()

代碼延遲運行

示例：代碼延遲5秒再運行

time.sleep(5)

time.localtime()

默認值至關於 time.localtime(time.time)

結構化當地時間

print(time.localtime())

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=20, tm_min=18, tm_sec=31, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=0)

示例：分別取當前的年月日

print(time.localtime().tm_year)
print(time.localtime().tm_mon)
print(time.localtime().tm_mday)

時間戳轉變爲結構化時間

print(time.localtime(1522153892.0))

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=20, tm_min=31, tm_sec=32, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=0)

time.gmtime()

UTC世界標準時間

print(time.gmtime())

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=12, tm_min=23, tm_sec=25, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=0)

time.mktime()

結構化時間轉換爲時間戳

print(time.mktime(time.localtime()))

1522153892.0

time.ctime()

以秒爲單位的時間轉換爲表示本地時間的字符串

print(time.ctime())

Tue Mar 27 20:53:06 2018

time.asctime()

結構化時間固定的轉換爲系統默認格式

print(time.asctime())

Tue Mar 27 20:53:06 2018

time.strptime()

字符串時間轉換爲結構化時間

print(time.strptime("2018-03-27-20:43:28","%Y-%m-%d-%X"))

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=20, tm_min=43, tm_sec=28, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=-1)

time.strftime()

結構化時間轉換爲字符串時間

print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X",time.localtime()))

2018-03-27 20:42:58

datetime模塊

打印當前時間

import datetime
print(datetime.datetime.now())

2018-03-27 21:10:11.775249

---

time經常使用模塊示例

#coding=utf-8
 
import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
 
now = datetime.datetime.now()
 
#今天
today = now
 
#昨天
yesterday = now - timedelta(days=1)
 
#明天
tomorrow = now + timedelta(days=1)

#當前季度
now_quarter = now.month / 3 if now.month % 3 == 0 else now.month / 3 + 1

#本週第一天和最後一天
this_week_start = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday())
this_week_end = now + timedelta(days=6-now.weekday())
 
#上週第一天和最後一天
last_week_start = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday()+7)
last_week_end = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday()+1)
 
#本月第一天和最後一天
this_month_start = datetime.datetime(now.year, now.month, 1)
this_month_end = datetime.datetime(now.year, now.month + 1, 1) - timedelta(days=1)
 
#上月第一天和最後一天
last_month_end = this_month_start - timedelta(days=1)
last_month_start = datetime.datetime(last_month_end.year, last_month_end.month, 1)
 
#本季第一天和最後一天
month = (now.month - 1) - (now.month - 1) % 3 + 1
this_quarter_start = datetime.datetime(now.year, month, 1)
this_quarter_end = datetime.datetime(now.year, month + 3, 1) - timedelta(days=1)
 
#上季第一天和最後一天
last_quarter_end = this_quarter_start - timedelta(days=1)
last_quarter_start = datetime.datetime(last_quarter_end.year, last_quarter_end.month - 2, 1)
 
#本年第一天和最後一天
this_year_start = datetime.datetime(now.year, 1, 1)
this_year_end = datetime.datetime(now.year + 1, 1, 1) - timedelta(days=1)
 
#去年第一天和最後一天
last_year_end = this_year_start - timedelta(days=1)
last_year_start = datetime.datetime(last_year_end.year, 1, 1)

獲取本週：週一和週日的日期

import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

now = datetime.datetime.now()

log_week_start = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday())
log_week_end = now + timedelta(days=6-now.weekday())
short_week_start=(now - timedelta(days=now.weekday())).strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
short_week_end=(now + timedelta(days=6-now.weekday())).strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

print("本週一的長時間：",log_week_start)
print("本週日的長時間：",log_week_start)
print("本週一的短期：",short_week_start)
print("本週日的短期：",short_week_end)