mac下git與github簡單使用

準備工做:
       下載安裝git客戶端 http://code.google.com/p/git-osx-installer/downloads/list?can=3
       註冊github帳號 https://github.com/ -->Pricing and Signup -->Create a free account
建立ssh:
       在local打開terminal:
       $cd ~/.ssh  檢查是否已經存在ssh
       若是存在,先將已有的ssh備份,或者將新建的ssh生成到另外的目錄下
       若是不存在,經過默認的參數直接生成ssh
       生成過程以下:
       $ssh-keygen -t rsa -C xxxxx@gmail.com(註冊github時的email)
        Generating public/private rsa key pair.
         Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/twer/.ssh/id_rsa): 
        Created directory '/Users/twer/.ssh'.
        Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
        Enter same passphrase again: 
        Your identification has been saved in /Users/twer/.ssh/id_rsa.
        Your public key has been saved in /Users/twer/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
        The key fingerprint is:
        18:16:11:c9:01:6c:48:09:7f:27:c6:43:0d:7f:3f:84 xxxxx@gmail.com
        The key's randomart image is:
        +--[ RSA 2048]----+
        |.o.++===         |
        |.ooo.+. .       |
        |  ..* = E .      |
        |   o = + o       |
        |      . S o      |
        |           .     |
        |                 |
        |                 |
        |                 |
       +-----------------+
       若是要修改ssh生成目錄,在藍色位置處輸入要生成的路徑,選擇默認的話,會生成在 ~/.ssh下
在github中添加ssh:
       登錄github,選擇Account Settings-->SSH Public Keys 添加ssh
       Title:xxxxx@gmail.com
       Key:打開你生成的id_rsa.pub文件,將其中內容拷貝至此
測試SSH:
       $ssh git@github.com
        The authenticity of host 'github.com (207.97.227.239)' can't be established.
        RSA key fingerprint is 16:27:ac:a5:76:28:2d:36:63:1b:56:4d:eb:df:a6:48.
         Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
        Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,207.97.227.239' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
        PTY allocation request failed on channel 0
        Hi xianfuying! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.
                Connection to github.com closed.
        在藍色位置處輸入 yes
設置本地git我的信息:
        $git config --global user.name "your real name"
        $git config --global user.email "xxxxx@gmail.com"

至此,git和github的設置就完成了,下面就是如何將本地代碼push到github上,以及如何從github上pull代碼了:
在github中建立Repository:
      https://github.com/ --> New Repository 輸入Repository信息 projectName
在本地建立代碼庫:
      建立一個文件夾做爲local repository
      $mkdir test
      建立一個文件
       $cd test
       $vi test.txt
       將文件添加至local repository
       $git add test.txt
       初始化local repository
       $git init
       commit文件
       $git commit -a
       定義遠程服務器別名
       $git remote add alias git@github.com:xxxxx/projectName.git
       將本地數據push到github上
       $git push alias master
這樣就能夠將本地的代碼push到github的repository中了

從github中pull代碼:
      在github中搜到你想要pull的代碼,如https://github.com/edgecase/ruby_koans
      選擇fork,將此repository fock到你的repository下
      在本地建立local repository並初始化
      使用命令:
      $git pull git@github.com:xxxxx/ruby_koans.git
      將github上的代碼pull到local repository中

參考:
http://apps.hi.baidu.com/share/detail/16068052
http://blog.csdn.net/banxi1988/article/details/6555293
http://apps.hi.baidu.com/share/detail/31697631
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