lnmp環境版本以下：javascript
系統：CentOS 7 x86_64php
NGINX：nginx-1.7.12css
數據庫：mariadb-10.0.13html
PHP：php-5.5.23java
首先作一些準備工做，先把centos7的防火牆更換成iptables，能夠參見以下連接node
centos7防火牆改成iptablesmysql
修改爲iptables以後就能夠清空iptables裏面的過濾規則了，而後再關閉selinux服務。記得不要忘了先安裝gcc gcc-c++ wget net-tools等功能哦。linux
首先安裝mariadbnginx
應爲數據庫編譯須要很長時間，因此我這裏下載的是已經編譯好了的二進制包，下載版本爲 mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz c++
一、下載二進制包到/usr/local/src 目錄下：
[root@centos74 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos74 src]# wget http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/mariadb/mariadb-10.0.13/bintar-quantal-amd64/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
二、將壓縮包解壓到/usr/local 目錄下：
[root@centos74 src]# tar zvxf mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
三、建立mariadb 數據初始化目錄/data/mysql:
[root@centos74 src]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
四、添加系統用戶mysql,禁止登錄系統，同時，將mariadb 數據初始化目錄所屬主和組都修改成mysql:
[root@centos74 src]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql ;chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
五、重命名解壓出來的mariadb 目錄：
[root@centos74 src]# mv /usr/local/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
六、進入重命名後的目錄，初始化mariadb:
[root@centos74 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@centos74 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysql' ...
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using mutexes to ref count buffer pool pages
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
........................................................................
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from
SkySQL Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@skysql.com.
Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort:
http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/
報錯：WARNING: The host 'test4' could not be looked up with resolveip.
解決辦法：vim /etc/hosts 在最後一行添加192.168.1.242 test4
報錯：./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解決辦法：yum -y install libaio-devel libaio
七、複製配置文件到/etc目錄覆蓋以前的my.cnf:
[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/my.cnf"？ y
八、複製mysql 啓動腳本文件到/etc/init.d 目錄下並重命名爲mysqld:
[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
同時修改啓動腳本的權限爲755：
[root@centos74 mysql]# chmod 755 !$
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
九、編輯啓動腳本，定義datadir 路徑：
[root@centos74 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
定義數據存放路徑：
datadir=/data/mysql
十、將mariadb自帶命令放入$PATH
[root@localhost ~]# PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/#當前有效，重啓shell就失效
[root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/" >>/etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" >>/etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# source !$
十一、啓動mariadb:
[root@centos74 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
第二步，開始安裝php
這裏要先聲明一下，針對Nginx的php安裝和針對apache的php安裝是有區別的，由於Nginx中的php是以fastcgi的方式結合nginx的，能夠理解爲nginx代理了php的fastcgi，而apache是把php做爲本身的模塊來調用的。一樣的，php官方下載地址: http://www.php.net/downloads.php
下載php
[rot@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@localhost src]# wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.23.tar.gz
解壓php
[root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.5.23.tar.gz
建立相關帳戶
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
配置編譯參數
[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.5.23
[root@localhost src]# yum -y install gcc make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel
[root@localhost php-5.5.23]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-gettext
錯誤：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解決辦法：yum -y install libxml2-devel
錯誤：configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
解決辦法：yum -y install libcurl-devel
錯誤：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
解決辦法：yum -y install libjpeg-turbo-devel
錯誤：configure: error: png.h not found.
解決辦法：um -y install libpng-devel
錯誤：configure: error: freetype-config not found.
解決辦法：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
錯誤：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
解決辦法：yum -y install libmcrypt-devel
安裝php
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make && make install
以上每個步驟，若是沒有徹底執行正確，那麼下一步是沒法進行的，使用 echo $? 看結果是否爲 「0」 , 若是不是，就是沒有執行正確。
修改配置文件
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
把以下內容寫入該文件:
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
listen.owner = nobody
listen.group = nobody
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
保存配置文件後，檢驗配置是否正確的方法爲:
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
若是出現諸如 「test is successful」 字樣，說明配置沒有問題。
啓動php-fpm
cp /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
service php-fpm start
若是想讓它開機啓動，執行:
chkconfig php-fpm on
檢測是否啓動:
ps aux |grep php-fpm
看看是否是有不少個進程（大概20多個）。
安裝nginx
下載nginx
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz
解壓nginx
tar zxvf nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz
配置編譯參數
cd nginx-1.7.12
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-pcre
報錯：./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
解決辦法：yum -y install pcre-devel
報錯：./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
解決辦法：yum install -y zlib-devel
編譯nginx
make
安裝nginx
make install
編寫nginx啓動腳本，並加入系統服務
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
寫入以下內容:
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload(){
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart(){
stop
start
}
configtest(){
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
保存後，更改權限:
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
若是想開機啓動，請執行:
chkconfig nginx on
更改nginx配置
首先把原來的配置文件清空:
> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
「>」 這個符號爲重定向的意思，單獨用它，能夠把一個文本文檔快速清空。
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
寫入以下內容:
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
'$host "$request_uri" $status'
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
保存配置後，先檢驗一下配置文件是否有錯誤存在:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
若是顯示內容以下，則配置正確，不然須要根據錯誤提示修改配置文件:
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
啓動nginx:
service nginx start
若是不能啓動，請查看 「/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log」 文件，檢查nginx是否啓動:
ps aux |grep nginx
看是否有進程。
測試是否解析php文件
建立測試文件:
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php
內容以下:
<?php echo phpinfo();?>
測試:
[root@localhost nginx]# curl localhost/2.php
或者使用瀏覽器打開http://YourServerIPAddress/2.php
重要：若是解析不了，檢查日誌發現鏈接不到php，個人php版本爲5.5.23，比較新的版本，須要在php/etc/php-fpm.conf文件中添加
listen.owner = nobody
listen.group = nobody
這兩行，再重啓一下服務就能使用php了
緣由是/tmp/php-fcgi.sock這個文件沒有讀權限