下面內容使用到的 jar 包下載html
一、導包,如要導入 Spring 的基本開發包、數據庫驅動包、Spring 提供的 JDBC 模板包,以下:java
二、測試:mysql
@Test public void test(){ // 建立鏈接池對象 DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource(); driverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); driverManagerDataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql:///test"); driverManagerDataSource.setUsername("root"); driverManagerDataSource.setPassword("root"); // 建立 JDBC 模板對象 JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(driverManagerDataSource); // 經過模板對象操做數據庫 jdbcTemplate.update("insert into user values(null,?,?)", "bob", 123); }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean name="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean> <bean name="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> </beans>
package com.zze.test; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Demo { @Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Test public void test() { jdbcTemplate.update("update user set password=? where username=?", "345", "bob"); } }
額外導入 jar 包:spring
配置:sql
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!--DBCP 配置--> <bean name="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean> <bean name="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> </beans>
額外導入 jar 包:數據庫
配置:express
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!--C3P0鏈接池配置--> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"/> <property name="user" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean> <bean name="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> </beans>
有以下屬性文件:apache
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///test jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root
方式一:編程
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> </bean>
方式二:app
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
接下來就能夠經過以下方式引用到屬性文件中的屬性,例:
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean>
package com.zze.test; import com.zze.bean.User; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.List; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Demo { @Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; /** * 保存 */ @Test public void test1() { jdbcTemplate.update("insert into user values (null,?,?)", "bob", "123"); } /** * 更新 */ @Test public void test2() { jdbcTemplate.update("update user set password=? where username=?", "346", "bob"); } /** * 刪除 */ @Test public void test3() { jdbcTemplate.update("delete from user where username=?", "bob"); } /** * 查詢首行首列 */ @Test public void test4() { Integer integer = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select COUNT(1) from user", Integer.class); System.out.println(integer); } /** * 查詢一條數據封裝到單個對象 */ @Test public void test5() { User user = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from user where username=?", new RowMapper<User>() { @Override public User mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException { User user = new User(); user.setId(rs.getInt("id")); user.setUsername(rs.getString("username")); user.setPassword(rs.getString("password")); return user; } }, "bob"); System.out.println(user); } /** * 查詢多條記錄封裝到集合 */ @Test public void test6() { List<User> userList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from user", new RowMapper<User>() { @Override public User mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException { User user = new User(); user.setId(rs.getInt("id")); user.setUsername(rs.getString("username")); user.setPassword(rs.getString("password")); return user; } }); System.out.println(userList); } }
參見【數據庫事務瞭解一下】。
接口,是 Spring 用於管理事務真正的對象。
DataSourceTransactionManager:底層使用JDBC管理事務。
HibernateTransactionManager:底層使用Hibernate管理事務。
用於定義事務的相關的信息,隔離級別、超時信息、傳播行爲、是否只讀。
用於記錄在事務管理過程當中,事務的狀態的對象。
Spring進行事務管理的時候,首先平臺事務管理器根據事務定義信息進行事務的管理,在事務管理過程當中,產生各類狀態,將這些狀態的信息記錄到事務狀態的對象中。
Spring 中提供了七種事務的傳播行爲,可分爲以下三類:
PROPAGATION_REQUIRED :默認值,若是A中有事務,使用A中的事務,若是A沒有,建立一個新的事務,將操做包含進來
PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS :支持事務,若是A中有事務,使用A中的事務。若是A沒有事務,不使用事務。
PROPAGATION_MANDATORY :若是A中有事務,使用A中的事務。若是A沒有事務,拋出異常。
PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW :若是A中有事務,將A的事務掛起(暫停),建立新事務,只包含自身操做。若是A中沒有事務,建立一個新事務,包含自身操做。
PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED :若是A中有事務,將A的事務掛起。不使用事務管理。
PROPAGATION_NEVER :若是A中有事務,報異常。
PROPAGATION_NESTED :嵌套事務,若是A中有事務,按照A的事務執行,執行完成後,設置一個保存點,執行B中的操做,若是沒有異常,執行經過,若是有異常,能夠選擇回滾到最初始位置,也能夠回滾到保存點。
建立 account 表並初始化以下數據:
下面代碼模擬一個轉帳場景:
package com.zze.dao; public interface AccountDao { /** * 轉出 * @param username 轉出帳戶的用戶名 * @param money 轉出金額 */ void outMoney(String username,Double money); /** * 轉入 * @param username 轉入帳戶的用戶名 * @param money 轉入金額 */ void inMoney(String username, Double money); }
package com.zze.dao.impl; import com.zze.dao.AccountDao; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport; public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao { @Override public void outMoney(String username, Double money) { this.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set money=money-? where username=?", money, username); } @Override public void inMoney(String username, Double money) { this.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set money=money+? where username=?", money, username); } }
package com.zze.service; public interface AccountService { /** * 轉帳 * @param usernameFrom 轉帳來源帳戶 * @param usernameTo 轉帳目標帳戶 * @param money 轉帳金額 */ void transfer(String usernameFrom,String usernameTo,Double money); }
package com.zze.service.impl; import com.zze.dao.AccountDao; import com.zze.service.AccountService; public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private AccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } @Override public void transfer(String usernameFrom, String usernameTo, Double money) { accountDao.outMoney(usernameFrom, money); accountDao.inMoney(usernameTo,money); } }
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///test jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!-- <bean name="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> --> <bean name="accountDao" class="com.zze.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!--<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>--> </bean> <bean name="accountService" class="com.zze.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/> </bean> </beans>
package com.zze.test; import com.zze.service.AccountService; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import javax.annotation.Resource; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Demo { @Resource(name = "accountService") private AccountService accountService; @Test public void test(){ // zhangsan 給 lisi 轉帳 100 accountService.transfer("zhangsan","lisi",100d); } }執行結果以下:
一、修改配置:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <!--配置 C3p0 鏈接池--> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!--配置事務管理器--> <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!--配置事務的管理的模板類--> <bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate"> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/> </bean> <bean name="accountDao" class="com.zze.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <bean name="accountService" class="com.zze.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/> <!--注入事務管理模板--> <property name="transactionTemplate" ref="transactionTemplate"/> </bean> </beans>
二、修改代碼模擬異常並使用事務:
package com.zze.service.impl; import com.zze.dao.AccountDao; import com.zze.service.AccountService; import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus; import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult; import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate; public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private AccountDao accountDao; private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate; public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } public void setTransactionTemplate(TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate) { this.transactionTemplate = transactionTemplate; } @Override public void transfer(String usernameFrom, String usernameTo, Double money) { transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() { @Override protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) { accountDao.outMoney(usernameFrom, money); // 模擬過程當中異常 int i = 1 / 0; accountDao.inMoney(usernameTo, money); } }); } }
三、測試:
package com.zze.test; import com.zze.service.AccountService; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import javax.annotation.Resource; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Demo { @Resource(name = "accountService") private AccountService accountService; @Test public void test(){ // zhangsan 給 lisi 轉帳 100 accountService.transfer("zhangsan","lisi",100d); // 此時表數據將不會發生變化 } }
一、修改配置:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <!--配置 C3p0 鏈接池--> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!--配置事務管理器--> <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!--配置事務的通知/加強--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <!--事務管理規則--> <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/> <!-- name : 匹配方法名 read-only : 爲 true 時表示只作只讀操做 propagation : 事務的傳播行爲 timeout : 事務過時時間,爲 -1 時不會過時 isolation : 事務的隔離級別 --> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" timeout="-1"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--AOP 配置--> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="pc_account" expression="execution(* com.zze.service.AccountService.*(..))"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pc_account"/> </aop:config> <bean name="accountDao" class="com.zze.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <bean name="accountService" class="com.zze.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/> </bean> </beans>
二、修改代碼模擬異常:
package com.zze.service.impl; import com.zze.dao.AccountDao; import com.zze.service.AccountService; public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private AccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } @Override public void transfer(String usernameFrom, String usernameTo, Double money) { accountDao.outMoney(usernameFrom, money); // 模擬過程當中異常 int i = 1 / 0; accountDao.inMoney(usernameTo, money); } }
三、測試:
package com.zze.test; import com.zze.service.AccountService; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import javax.annotation.Resource; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Demo { @Resource(name = "accountService") private AccountService accountService; @Test public void test(){ // zhangsan 給 lisi 轉帳 100 accountService.transfer("zhangsan","lisi",100d); // 此時表數據將不會發生變化 } }
一、修改配置:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <!--配置 C3p0 鏈接池--> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!--配置事務管理器--> <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!--開啓註解事務--> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <bean name="accountDao" class="com.zze.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <bean name="accountService" class="com.zze.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/> </bean> </beans>
二、修改代碼模擬異常並添加事務註解:
package com.zze.service.impl; import com.zze.dao.AccountDao; import com.zze.service.AccountService; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; // 業務類上添加註解使用事務 @Transactional(isolation=Isolation.DEFAULT,propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED) public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private AccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } @Override public void transfer(String usernameFrom, String usernameTo, Double money) { accountDao.outMoney(usernameFrom, money); // 模擬過程當中異常 int i = 1 / 0; accountDao.inMoney(usernameTo, money); } }
三、測試:
package com.zze.test; import com.zze.service.AccountService; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import javax.annotation.Resource; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Demo { @Resource(name = "accountService") private AccountService accountService; @Test public void test(){ // zhangsan 給 lisi 轉帳 100 accountService.transfer("zhangsan","lisi",100d); // 此時表數據將不會發生變化 } }