Keepalived安裝與配置

1、簡介

Keepalived是一個免費開源的，用C編寫的相似於layer3, 4 & 7交換機制軟件，具有咱們平時說的第3層、第4層和第7層交換機的功能。主要提供loadbalancing（負載均衡）和 high-availability（高可用）功能，負載均衡實現須要依賴Linux的虛擬服務內核模塊（ipvs），而高可用是經過VRRP協議實現多臺機器之間的故障轉移服務。

上圖是Keepalived的功能體系結構，大體分兩層：用戶空間（user space）和內核空間（kernel space）。
內核空間：主要包括IPVS（IP虛擬服務器，用於實現網絡服務的負載均衡）和NETLINK（提供高級路由及其餘相關的網絡功能）兩個部份。
用戶空間：

• WatchDog：負載監控checkers和VRRP進程的情況
• VRRP Stack：負載負載均衡器之間的失敗切換FailOver，若是隻用一個負載均稀器，則VRRP不是必須的。
• Checkers：負責真實服務器的健康檢查healthchecking，是keepalived最主要的功能。換言之，能夠沒有VRRP Stack，但健康檢查healthchecking是必定要有的。
• IPVS wrapper：用戶發送設定的規則到內核ipvs代碼
• Netlink Reflector：用來設定vrrp的vip地址等。

Keepalived的全部功能是配置keepalived.conf文件來實現的。

2、安裝與配置

從官網下載keepalived，本文以版本1.2.24爲例。

2.1 安裝

[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.24.tar.gz
[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# tar -xzvf keepalived-1.2.24.tar.gz
[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# cd keepalived-1.2.24

 

[root@keepalived-nginx1 keepalived-1.2.24]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
[root@keepalived-nginx1 keepalived-1.2.24]# make && make install

 

 

2.2 配置

安裝完成後，進入安裝目錄的etc目錄下，將keepalived相應的配置文件拷貝到系統相應的目錄當中。keepalived啓動時會從/etc/keepalived目錄下查找keepalived.conf配置文件，若是沒有找到則使用默認的配置。/etc/keepalived目錄安裝時默認是沒有安裝的，須要手動建立。配置文件目錄結構以下所示：

 

[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# tree -l /usr/local/keepalived/etc/
/usr/local/keepalived/etc/
├── keepalived
│   ├── keepalived.conf
│   └── samples
│       ├── client.pem
│       ├── dh1024.pem
│       ├── keepalived.conf.fwmark
│       ├── keepalived.conf.HTTP_GET.port
│       ├── keepalived.conf.inhibit
│       ├── keepalived.conf.IPv6
│       ├── keepalived.conf.misc_check
│       ├── keepalived.conf.misc_check_arg
│       ├── keepalived.conf.quorum
│       ├── keepalived.conf.sample
│       ├── keepalived.conf.SMTP_CHECK
│       ├── keepalived.conf.SSL_GET
│       ├── keepalived.conf.status_code
│       ├── keepalived.conf.track_interface
│       ├── keepalived.conf.virtualhost
│       ├── keepalived.conf.virtual_server_group
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp.localcheck
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp.lvs_syncd
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp.routes
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp.rules
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp.scripts
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp.static_ipaddress
│       ├── keepalived.conf.vrrp.sync
│       ├── root.pem
│       └── sample.misccheck.smbcheck.sh
├── rc.d
│   └── init.d
│       └── keepalived
└── sysconfig
    └── keepalived

 

 分別對應系統目錄（忽略samples目錄）：

/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
/etc/sysconfig/keepalived

 

將配置文件拷貝到系統對應的目錄下：

[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived

 

 

[root@keepalived-nginx1 ~]# cd /etc/init.d/
[root@keepalived-nginx1 init.d]# chmod +x keepalived
[root@keepalived-nginx1 init.d]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: /bin/bash: keepalived: command not found
                                                           [FAILED]
[root@keepalived-nginx1 init.d]# ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/bin/
[root@keepalived-nginx1 init.d]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]

 

 

 http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-1181951.html

http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/52554398