python 內置模塊之logging

一、將日誌直接輸出到屏幕服務器

import logging

logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')

# 默認狀況下,logging將日誌打印到屏幕,日誌級別爲WARNING;

#output====================================
# WARNING:root:This is warning message

2.經過logging.basicConfig函數對日誌的輸出格式及方式作相關配置app

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename='myapp.log',
                filemode='w')
    
logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')


#./myapp.log文件中內容爲:
#Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message
#Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message
#Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

logging.basicConfig參數:socket

#logging.basicConfig函數各參數:
filename: 指定日誌文件名
filemode: 和file函數意義相同,指定日誌文件的打開模式,'w''a'
format: 指定輸出的格式和內容,format能夠輸出不少有用信息,如上例所示:
    %(levelno)s:     打印日誌級別的數值
    %(levelname)s:     打印日誌級別名稱
    %(pathname)s:     打印當前執行程序的路徑,其實就是sys.argv[0]
    %(filename)s:     打印當前執行程序名
    %(funcName)s:     打印日誌的當前函數
    %(lineno)d:     打印日誌的當前行號
    %(asctime)s:     打印日誌的時間
    %(thread)d:     打印線程ID
    %(threadName)s: 打印線程名稱
    %(process)d:     打印進程ID
    %(message)s:     打印日誌信息
datefmt:     指定時間格式,同time.strftime()
level:         設置日誌級別,默認爲logging.WARNING
stream:     指定將日誌的輸出流,能夠指定輸出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默認輸出到sys.stderr,當stream和filename同時指定時,stream被忽略

三、將日誌同時輸出到多個Handleride

先定義一個住handler,並使用addHander()添加到主handler,實現日誌輸出到多個handler.函數

a、同時輸出到文件和屏幕spa

import logging
#設置一個basicConfig只能輸出到一個Handler
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename='myapp.log',
                filemode='w')

#定義一個StreamHandler,將INFO級別或更高的日誌信息打印到標準錯誤,並將其添加到當前的日誌處理對象#
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)

#輸出到文件的log級別爲debug,輸出到stream的log級別爲info
logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')

 

b、添加一個handler:輸出到文件,並根據文件大小滾動存儲線程

  在a的基礎上添加一個handlerdebug

from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
#定義一個RotatingFileHandler,最多備份5個日誌文件,每一個日誌文件最大10M
Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5)
Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler)

logging幾種Handler類型:日誌

logging.StreamHandler(默認):     日誌輸出到流,能夠是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件
logging.FileHandler:             日誌輸出到文件
logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler    日誌輸出到文件,基於文件大小滾動存儲日誌
logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler    日誌輸出到文件,基於時間週期滾動存儲日誌
logging.handlers.SocketHandler:     遠程輸出日誌到TCP/IP sockets
logging.handlers.DatagramHandler:      遠程輸出日誌到UDP sockets
logging.handlers.SMTPHandler:          遠程輸出日誌到郵件地址
logging.handlers.SysLogHandler:     日誌輸出到syslog
logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 遠程輸出日誌到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日誌
logging.handlers.MemoryHandler:     日誌輸出到內存中的制定buffer
logging.handlers.HTTPHandler:         經過"GET""POST"遠程輸出到HTTP服務器

 

四、經過配置文件配置loggercode

a、定義配置文件logger.conf

#logger.conf
###############################################
[loggers]
keys=root,example01,example02
[logger_root]
level=DEBUG
handlers=hand01,hand02
[logger_example01]
handlers=hand01,hand02
qualname=example01
propagate=0
[logger_example02]
handlers=hand01,hand03
qualname=example02
propagate=0
###############################################

[handlers]
keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
[handler_hand01]
class=StreamHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=(sys.stderr,)
[handler_hand02]
class=FileHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=form01
args=('myapp.log', 'a')
[handler_hand03]
class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
###############################################
[formatters]
keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01]
format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s
datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
[formatter_form02]
format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s
datefmt=

b、logging.config獲取配置

import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example01")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')
import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example02")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')
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