[VB.NET][C#]調用API獲取或設置鍵盤按鍵狀態

前言

　　經過 C# 或 VB.NET，你只需編寫少許的代碼便可實現一個按鍵精靈。

第一節 接口

　　調用系統 API 實現獲取或設置指定的按鍵狀態。

　　獲取按鍵狀態

　　調用 GetAsyncKeyState() 獲取指定按鍵的狀態，GetActiveKey() 檢索指定範圍內的按鍵狀態

　　合成擊鍵事件

　　調用 keybd_event() 可合成一次擊鍵事件，一般兩次擊鍵事件間須要設定時間間隔

　　對 DirectInput 有效

　　調用 MapVirtualKey() 獲取指定按鍵的硬件掃描碼，傳入 keybd_event() 第二個參數能夠對 DirectInput 有效。

第二節 幫助類

　　實現一系列的靜態方法，由此提供不一樣的模擬按鍵功能。

　　虛擬鍵碼枚舉

''' <summary>
''' 虛擬鍵碼枚舉
''' </summary>
Public Enum VirtualKeys
    VK_LBUTTON = 1
    VK_RBUTTON = 2
    VK_CANCEL = 3
    VK_MBUTTON = 4
    VK_XBUTTON1 = 5
    VK_XBUTTON2 = 6
    VK_BACK = 8
    VK_TAB = 9
    VK_CLEAR = 12
    VK_RETURN = 13
    VK_SHIFT = 16
    VK_CONTROL = 17
    VK_MENU = 18
    VK_PAUSE = 19
    VK_CAPITAL = 20
    VK_KANA = 21
    VK_HANGUL = 21
    VK_JUNJA = 23
    VK_FINAL = 24
    VK_HANJA = 25
    VK_KANJI = 26
    VK_ESCAPE = 27
    VK_CONVERT = 28
    VK_NONCONVERT = 29
    VK_ACCEPT = 30
    VK_MODECHANGE = 31
    VK_SPACE = 32
    VK_PRIOR = 33
    VK_NEXT = 34
    VK_END = 35
    VK_HOME = 36
    VK_LEFT = 37
    VK_UP = 38
    VK_RIGHT = 39
    VK_DOWN = 40
    VK_SELECT = 41
    VK_PRINT = 42
    VK_EXECUTE = 43
    VK_SNAPSHOT = 44
    VK_INSERT = 45
    VK_DELETE = 46
    VK_HELP = 47
    VK_0 = 48
    VK_1 = 49
    VK_2 = 50
    VK_3 = 51
    VK_4 = 52
    VK_5 = 53
    VK_6 = 54
    VK_7 = 55
    VK_8 = 56
    VK_9 = 57
    VK_A = 65
    VK_B = 66
    VK_C = 67
    VK_D = 68
    VK_E = 69
    VK_F = 70
    VK_G = 71
    VK_H = 72
    VK_I = 73
    VK_J = 74
    VK_K = 75
    VK_L = 76
    VK_M = 77
    VK_N = 78
    VK_O = 79
    VK_P = 80
    VK_Q = 81
    VK_R = 82
    VK_S = 83
    VK_T = 84
    VK_U = 85
    VK_V = 86
    VK_W = 87
    VK_X = 88
    VK_Y = 89
    VK_Z = 90
    VK_LWIN = 91
    VK_RWIN = 92
    VK_APPS = 93
    VK_SLEEP = 95
    VK_NUMPAD0 = 96
    VK_NUMPAD1 = 97
    VK_NUMPAD2 = 98
    VK_NUMPAD3 = 99
    VK_NUMPAD4 = 100
    VK_NUMPAD5 = 101
    VK_NUMPAD6 = 102
    VK_NUMPAD7 = 103
    VK_NUMPAD8 = 104
    VK_NUMPAD9 = 105
    VK_MULTIPLY = 106
    VK_ADD = 107
    VK_SEPARATOR = 108
    VK_SUBTRACT = 109
    VK_DECIMAL = 110
    VK_DIVIDE = 111
    VK_F1 = 112
    VK_F2 = 113
    VK_F3 = 114
    VK_F4 = 115
    VK_F5 = 116
    VK_F6 = 117
    VK_F7 = 118
    VK_F8 = 119
    VK_F9 = 120
    VK_F10 = 121
    VK_F11 = 122
    VK_F12 = 123
    VK_F13 = 124
    VK_F14 = 125
    VK_F15 = 126
    VK_F16 = 127
    VK_F17 = 128
    VK_F18 = 129
    VK_F19 = 130
    VK_F20 = 131
    VK_F21 = 132
    VK_F22 = 133
    VK_F23 = 134
    VK_F24 = 135
    VK_NUMLOCK = 144
    VK_SCROLL = 145
    VK_LSHIFT = 160
    VK_RSHIFT = 161
    VK_LCONTROL = 162
    VK_RCONTROL = 163
    VK_LMENU = 164
    VK_RMENU = 165
    VK_BROWSER_BACK = 166
    VK_BROWSER_FORWARD = 167
    VK_BROWSER_REFRESH = 168
    VK_BROWSER_STOP = 169
    VK_BROWSER_SEARCH = 170
    VK_BROWSER_FAVORITES = 171
    VK_BROWSER_HOME = 172
    VK_VOLUME_MUTE = 173
    VK_VOLUME_DOWN = 174
    VK_VOLUME_UP = 175
    VK_MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 176
    VK_MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 177
    VK_MEDIA_STOP = 178
    VK_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 179
    VK_LAUNCH_MAIL = 180
    VK_LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT = 181
    VK_LAUNCH_APP1 = 182
    VK_LAUNCH_APP2 = 183
    VK_OEM_1 = 186
    VK_OEM_PLUS = 187
    VK_OEM_COMMA = 188
    VK_OEM_MINUS = 189
    VK_OEM_PERIOD = 190
    VK_OEM_2 = 191
    VK_OEM_3 = 192
    VK_OEM_4 = 219
    VK_OEM_5 = 220
    VK_OEM_6 = 221
    VK_OEM_7 = 222
    VK_OEM_8 = 223
    VK_OEM_102 = 226
    VK_PACKET = 231
    VK_PROCESSKEY = 229
    VK_ATTN = 246
    VK_CRSEL = 247
    VK_EXSEL = 248
    VK_EREOF = 249
    VK_PLAY = 250
    VK_ZOOM = 251
    VK_NONAME = 252
    VK_PA1 = 253
    VK_OEM_CLEAR = 254
End Enum

VB.NET-VirtualKeys

/// <summary>
/// 虛擬鍵碼枚舉
/// </summary>
public enum VirtualKeys
{
    VK_LBUTTON = 1,
    VK_RBUTTON = 2,
    VK_CANCEL = 3,
    VK_MBUTTON = 4,
    VK_XBUTTON1 = 5,
    VK_XBUTTON2 = 6,
    VK_BACK = 8,
    VK_TAB = 9,
    VK_CLEAR = 12,
    VK_RETURN = 13,
    VK_SHIFT = 16,
    VK_CONTROL = 17,
    VK_MENU = 18,
    VK_PAUSE = 19,
    VK_CAPITAL = 20,
    VK_KANA = 21,
    VK_HANGUL = 21,
    VK_JUNJA = 23,
    VK_FINAL = 24,
    VK_HANJA = 25,
    VK_KANJI = 26,
    VK_ESCAPE = 27,
    VK_CONVERT = 28,
    VK_NONCONVERT = 29,
    VK_ACCEPT = 30,
    VK_MODECHANGE = 31,
    VK_SPACE = 32,
    VK_PRIOR = 33,
    VK_NEXT = 34,
    VK_END = 35,
    VK_HOME = 36,
    VK_LEFT = 37,
    VK_UP = 38,
    VK_RIGHT = 39,
    VK_DOWN = 40,
    VK_SELECT = 41,
    VK_PRINT = 42,
    VK_EXECUTE = 43,
    VK_SNAPSHOT = 44,
    VK_INSERT = 45,
    VK_DELETE = 46,
    VK_HELP = 47,
    VK_0 = 48,
    VK_1 = 49,
    VK_2 = 50,
    VK_3 = 51,
    VK_4 = 52,
    VK_5 = 53,
    VK_6 = 54,
    VK_7 = 55,
    VK_8 = 56,
    VK_9 = 57,
    VK_A = 65,
    VK_B = 66,
    VK_C = 67,
    VK_D = 68,
    VK_E = 69,
    VK_F = 70,
    VK_G = 71,
    VK_H = 72,
    VK_I = 73,
    VK_J = 74,
    VK_K = 75,
    VK_L = 76,
    VK_M = 77,
    VK_N = 78,
    VK_O = 79,
    VK_P = 80,
    VK_Q = 81,
    VK_R = 82,
    VK_S = 83,
    VK_T = 84,
    VK_U = 85,
    VK_V = 86,
    VK_W = 87,
    VK_X = 88,
    VK_Y = 89,
    VK_Z = 90,
    VK_LWIN = 91,
    VK_RWIN = 92,
    VK_APPS = 93,
    VK_SLEEP = 95,
    VK_NUMPAD0 = 96,
    VK_NUMPAD1 = 97,
    VK_NUMPAD2 = 98,
    VK_NUMPAD3 = 99,
    VK_NUMPAD4 = 100,
    VK_NUMPAD5 = 101,
    VK_NUMPAD6 = 102,
    VK_NUMPAD7 = 103,
    VK_NUMPAD8 = 104,
    VK_NUMPAD9 = 105,
    VK_MULTIPLY = 106,
    VK_ADD = 107,
    VK_SEPARATOR = 108,
    VK_SUBTRACT = 109,
    VK_DECIMAL = 110,
    VK_DIVIDE = 111,
    VK_F1 = 112,
    VK_F2 = 113,
    VK_F3 = 114,
    VK_F4 = 115,
    VK_F5 = 116,
    VK_F6 = 117,
    VK_F7 = 118,
    VK_F8 = 119,
    VK_F9 = 120,
    VK_F10 = 121,
    VK_F11 = 122,
    VK_F12 = 123,
    VK_F13 = 124,
    VK_F14 = 125,
    VK_F15 = 126,
    VK_F16 = 127,
    VK_F17 = 128,
    VK_F18 = 129,
    VK_F19 = 130,
    VK_F20 = 131,
    VK_F21 = 132,
    VK_F22 = 133,
    VK_F23 = 134,
    VK_F24 = 135,
    VK_NUMLOCK = 144,
    VK_SCROLL = 145,
    VK_LSHIFT = 160,
    VK_RSHIFT = 161,
    VK_LCONTROL = 162,
    VK_RCONTROL = 163,
    VK_LMENU = 164,
    VK_RMENU = 165,
    VK_BROWSER_BACK = 166,
    VK_BROWSER_FORWARD = 167,
    VK_BROWSER_REFRESH = 168,
    VK_BROWSER_STOP = 169,
    VK_BROWSER_SEARCH = 170,
    VK_BROWSER_FAVORITES = 171,
    VK_BROWSER_HOME = 172,
    VK_VOLUME_MUTE = 173,
    VK_VOLUME_DOWN = 174,
    VK_VOLUME_UP = 175,
    VK_MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 176,
    VK_MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 177,
    VK_MEDIA_STOP = 178,
    VK_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 179,
    VK_LAUNCH_MAIL = 180,
    VK_LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT = 181,
    VK_LAUNCH_APP1 = 182,
    VK_LAUNCH_APP2 = 183,
    VK_OEM_1 = 186,
    VK_OEM_PLUS = 187,
    VK_OEM_COMMA = 188,
    VK_OEM_MINUS = 189,
    VK_OEM_PERIOD = 190,
    VK_OEM_2 = 191,
    VK_OEM_3 = 192,
    VK_OEM_4 = 219,
    VK_OEM_5 = 220,
    VK_OEM_6 = 221,
    VK_OEM_7 = 222,
    VK_OEM_8 = 223,
    VK_OEM_102 = 226,
    VK_PACKET = 231,
    VK_PROCESSKEY = 229,
    VK_ATTN = 246,
    VK_CRSEL = 247,
    VK_EXSEL = 248,
    VK_EREOF = 249,
    VK_PLAY = 250,
    VK_ZOOM = 251,
    VK_NONAME = 252,
    VK_PA1 = 253,
    VK_OEM_CLEAR = 254
}

C#-VirtualKeys

　　虛擬鍵盤對象，提供一系列按鍵命令

　　（在線工具轉換，局部靜態變量部分請參考 VB.NET 版本）

''' <summary>
''' 虛擬鍵盤，提供一系列按鍵命令
''' </summary>
Public Class VirtualKeyboard
    Private Declare Sub keybd_event Lib "user32" (ByVal bVk As Byte, ByVal bScan As Byte, ByVal dwFlags As Integer, ByVal dwExtraInfo As Integer)
    Private Declare Function MapVirtualKey Lib "user32" Alias "MapVirtualKeyA" (ByVal wCode As Integer, ByVal wMapType As Integer) As Integer
    Private Declare Function GetAsyncKeyState Lib "user32 " (ByVal vKey As Integer) As Integer
    ''' <summary>
    ''' 發送一組按鍵
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub SendString(str As String, interval As Integer)
        Dim strArr() As String = Split(str, ",")
        For Each SubStr In strArr
            If SubStr.First = "#" Then
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(CInt(SubStr.Substring(1)))
            Else
                For Each SubChar As Char In SubStr
                    VirtualKeyDown(Asc(SubChar))
                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(interval)
                    VirtualKeyUp(Asc(SubChar))
                Next
            End If
        Next
    End Sub
    ''' <summary>
    ''' 發送一組擴展的按鍵
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub SendStringEx(str As String, interval As Integer, ParamArray extra() As VirtualKeys)
        For Each SubKey In extra
            VirtualKeyDown(SubKey)
        Next
        SendString(str, interval)
        For Each SubKey In extra
            VirtualKeyUp(SubKey)
        Next
    End Sub
    ''' <summary>
    ''' 發送單個按鍵
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub SendKey(vKey As VirtualKeys， interval As Integer)
        VirtualKeyDown(vKey)
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(interval)
        VirtualKeyUp(vKey)
    End Sub
    ''' <summary>
    ''' 同時發送兩個按鍵
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub SendCouple(vKey1 As VirtualKeys, vKey2 As VirtualKeys, interval As Integer)
        VirtualKeyDown(vKey1)
        VirtualKeyDown(vKey2)
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(interval)
        VirtualKeyUp(vKey1)
        VirtualKeyUp(vKey2)
    End Sub
    ''' <summary>
    '''  獲取A~Z的按鍵狀態
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Function GetActiveKey() As Byte
        For i = 65 To 90 'A~Z的ASICC碼
            If CurrentKeyState(i) = True Then
                Return i
            End If
        Next
        Return 0
    End Function
    ''' <summary>
    ''' 獲取鍵盤按鍵狀態
    ''' </summary>
    Private Shared Function CurrentKeyState(ByVal KeyCode As Byte) As Boolean
        Static KeyState(255) As Boolean
        Dim temp As Integer = GetAsyncKeyState(KeyCode)
        If temp = 0 Then
            KeyState(KeyCode) = False
        Else
            If KeyState(KeyCode) = False Then
                KeyState(KeyCode) = True
                Return True
            End If
            KeyState(KeyCode) = True
            Return False
        End If
        Return False
    End Function
    ''' <summary>
    ''' 按下指定按鍵
    ''' </summary>
    Private Shared Sub VirtualKeyDown(vKey As VirtualKeys)
        keybd_event(vKey, MapVirtualKey(vKey, 0), &H1 Or 0, 0) '按下
    End Sub
    ''' <summary>
    ''' 鬆開指定按鍵
    ''' </summary>
    Private Shared Sub VirtualKeyUp(vKey As VirtualKeys)
        keybd_event(vKey, MapVirtualKey(vKey, 0), &H1 Or &H2, 0) '彈起
    End Sub
End Class

VB.NET-VirtualKeyboard

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
/// <summary>
/// 虛擬鍵盤，提供一系列按鍵命令
/// </summary>
public class VirtualKeyboard
{
    [DllImport("user32", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]
    private static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, int dwFlags, int dwExtraInfo);
    [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "MapVirtualKeyA", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]
    private static extern int MapVirtualKey(int wCode, int wMapType);
    [DllImport("user32 ", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]
    private static extern int GetAsyncKeyState(int vKey);
    /// <summary>
    /// 發送一組按鍵
    /// </summary>
    public static void SendString(string str, int interval)
    {
        string[] strArr = Strings.Split(str, ",");
        foreach (void SubStr_loopVariable in strArr) {
            SubStr = SubStr_loopVariable;
            if (SubStr.First == "#") {
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(Convert.ToInt32(SubStr.Substring(1)));
            } else {
                foreach (char SubChar in SubStr) {
                    VirtualKeyDown(Strings.Asc(SubChar));
                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(interval);
                    VirtualKeyUp(Strings.Asc(SubChar));
                }
            }
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 發送一組擴展的按鍵
    /// </summary>
    public static void SendStringEx(string str, int interval, params VirtualKeys[] extra)
    {
        foreach (void SubKey_loopVariable in extra) {
            SubKey = SubKey_loopVariable;
            VirtualKeyDown(SubKey);
        }
        SendString(str, interval);
        foreach (void SubKey_loopVariable in extra) {
            SubKey = SubKey_loopVariable;
            VirtualKeyUp(SubKey);
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 發送單個按鍵
    /// </summary>
    public static void SendKey(VirtualKeys vKey, int interval)
    {
        VirtualKeyDown(vKey);
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(interval);
        VirtualKeyUp(vKey);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 同時發送兩個按鍵
    /// </summary>
    public static void SendCouple(VirtualKeys vKey1, VirtualKeys vKey2, int interval)
    {
        VirtualKeyDown(vKey1);
        VirtualKeyDown(vKey2);
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(interval);
        VirtualKeyUp(vKey1);
        VirtualKeyUp(vKey2);
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///  獲取A~Z的按鍵狀態
    /// </summary>
    public static byte GetActiveKey()
    {
        //A~Z的ASICC碼
        for (i = 65; i <= 90; i++) {
            if (CurrentKeyState(i) == true) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
    static readonly Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.StaticLocalInitFlag static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState_Init = new Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.StaticLocalInitFlag();
    /// <summary>
    /// 獲取鍵盤按鍵狀態
    /// </summary>
    static bool[] static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState;
    private static bool CurrentKeyState(byte KeyCode)
    {
        lock (static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState_Init) {
            try {
                if (InitStaticVariableHelper(static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState_Init)) {
                    static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState = new bool[256];
                }
            } finally {
                static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState_Init.State = 1;
            }
        }
        int temp = GetAsyncKeyState(KeyCode);
        if (temp == 0) {
            static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState(KeyCode) = false;
        } else {
            if (static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState(KeyCode) == false) {
                static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState(KeyCode) = true;
                return true;
            }
            static_CurrentKeyState_KeyState(KeyCode) = true;
            return false;
        }
        return false;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 按下指定按鍵
    /// </summary>
    private static void VirtualKeyDown(VirtualKeys vKey)
    {
        keybd_event(vKey, MapVirtualKey(vKey, 0), 0x1 | 0, 0);
        //按下
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 鬆開指定按鍵
    /// </summary>
    private static void VirtualKeyUp(VirtualKeys vKey)
    {
        keybd_event(vKey, MapVirtualKey(vKey, 0), 0x1 | 0x2, 0);
        //彈起
    }
    static bool InitStaticVariableHelper(Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.StaticLocalInitFlag flag)
    {
        if (flag.State == 0) {
            flag.State = 2;
            return true;
        } else if (flag.State == 2) {
            throw new Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.IncompleteInitialization();
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

C#-VirtualKeyboard

附錄

　　GitHub：AutoHotKey.NET （已失效）