Linux下經常使用監控cacti的安裝和配置

一. cacti 架構php

 

 

二. cacti工做流程html

 

三. cacti的安裝mysql

1. 安裝環境:RedHat AS4.8linux

2. 安裝Apache、MySQL、PHPgit

(1).安裝MySQLsql

//查看系統中是否已經安裝了MySQL,若是是卸載全部以mysql 開頭的包。數據庫

# rpm –qa | grep mysqlapache

# rpm –e mysql-*瀏覽器

//查找/etc/my.cnf(MySQL 的選項配置文件),若是有請刪除它,以避免影響新架構

安裝版本的啓動。

# rm –f /etc/my.cnf

# tar –zxvf mysql-4.1.10.tar.gz

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql && make && make install

//添加用於啓動MySQL 的用戶及用戶組(若是之前安裝過MySQl,用戶及用戶

組可能已存在)。

# useradd mysql

# cd /usr/local/mysql

//修改MySQl 目錄的全部權

# chown –R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

修改數據庫屬主

Chown mysql var

Bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &

Echo ‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &’>>/etc/rc.local

# ln –s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

(2).安裝Apache

下載地址:http://httpd.apache.org/

# tar –zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz

# cd httpd-2.2.4

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so

//編譯時加上加載模塊參數--enable-so

# make

# make install

#vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

//修改Apache 配置文件,添加ServerName www.yourdomain.com(或ServerName 本

機ip)

# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

// 在rc.local 上加入一行/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start, 系統啓動時啓動

Apache 服務。

(3).安裝PHP

先安裝zlib,freetype,libpng,jpeg 以便於讓PHP 支持GD 庫( Cacti 的WeatherMap

插件必需要GD 庫的支持)

1).安裝zlib

tar zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib

make

make install

2).安裝libpng

tar zxvf libpng-1.2.16.tar.tar

cd libpng-1.2.16

cd scripts/

mv makefile.linux ../makefile

cd ..

make

make install

注意,這裏的makefile 不是用./configure 生成,而是直接從scripts/裏拷一個

3).安裝freetype

tar zxvf freetype-2.3.4 .tar.gz

cd freetype-2.3.4

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype

make

make install

4).安裝Jpeg

tar -zxf jpegsrc-1.v6b.tar.gz

cd jpeg-6b/

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/include

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/bin

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/lib

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man/man1

//能夠用mkdir -p /usr/local/libjpeg/man/man1 一步建立多層目錄

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libjpeg --enable-shared --enable-static

make && make install

注意,這裏configure 必定要帶--enable-shared 參數,否則,不會生成共享庫

5).安裝libxml,RedHat AS 4 默認安裝libxml 包,但版本過低,PHP5 須要更高

版本的libxml 包。

# tar –zxvf libxml2-2.6.25.tar.gz libxml2-devel也要裝(RPM)

# cd libxml2-2.6.25

# ./configure

# make

# make install

6).安裝Fontconfig (用RPM安裝,灰字忽略)擴展包和關聯包也裝上

tar -zxvf fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz

cd fontconfig-2.4.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/fontconfig --with-freetype-config=/usr/local/freetype/bin/freetype-config

make

make install

7).安裝GD

tar -zxvf gd-2.0.34.tar.gz

cd gd-2.0.34

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libgd --with-png --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg=/usr/local/libjpeg

make

make install

編譯時顯示如下信息:

** Configuration summary for gd 2.0.34:

Support for PNG library: yes

Support for JPEG library: yes

Support for Freetype 2.x library: yes

Support for Fontconfig library: yes

Support for Xpm library: no

Support for pthreads: yes

8).編輯/etc/ld.so.conf,添加如下幾行到此文件中。

/usr/local/zlib/lib

/usr/local/freetype/lib

/usr/local/libjpeg/lib

/usr/local/libgd/lib

並執行ldconfig 命令,使用動態裝入器裝載找到共享庫

9).安裝PHP

tar -zxvf php-5.2.3.tar.gz

cd php-5.2.3

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd=/usr/local/libgd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-ttf --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg --with-png-dir=/usr --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --enable-xml --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets

#注:若是出現configure: error: cannot find output from lex; giving up,從光盤安裝flex包便可解決。-_-!!

# make

# make install

# ln –s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

查找AddType application/x-compress .Z

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

在其下加入AddType application/x-tar .tgz

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType p_w_picpath/x-icon .ico

修改DirectoryIndex 行,添加index.php

修改成DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var

# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test.php

添加如下行:

<?php

Phpinfo();

?>

wq 保存退出。

# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart

在瀏覽器中輸入:http://www.yourdomain.com/test.php 進行測試。

對php 編譯選項的解釋:

--prefix=/usr/local/php //指定PHP 的安裝目錄

--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs //支持Apache 模塊

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql //支持MySQl

--with-gd=/usr/local/libgd //支持GD 庫

--enable-gd-native-ttf //激活對本地TrueType 字符串函數的支持

--with-ttf //激活對FreeType 1.x 的支持

--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype //激活對FreeType 2.x 的支持

--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg //激活對jpeg-6b 的支持

--with-png-dir //激活對png 的支持

--with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib//激活對zlib 的支持

--enable-mbstring //激活mbstring 模塊

--with-mail //支持Mail 函數

--enable-xml //支持XML

--enable-sockets //支持套接字

3. 安裝RRDTool

因爲rrdtool-1.2.23 須要一些庫文件支持,故需先安裝配置支持的環境,而後編譯安

裝。

須要的包:cgilib-0.5.tar.gz、zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz、libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz、freetype-

2.3.5.tar.gz、libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz、rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz

tar zxf cgilib-0.5.tar.gz

(1)cd cgilib-0.5

對於0.5版本的cgilib源碼部分需作必定的修改:

在 cgi.c 裏尋找 #include <malloc.h> ,把那行刪掉

修改cgitest.c中116行的錯誤

116行的代碼以下:

printf ("<h3>Cookie "Library" set</h3>\n";

應爲代碼出錯,正確的應是

printf ("<h3>Cookie \"Library\" set</h3>\n";

make

make install

mkdir -p /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/include

cp cgi.h /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/include

mkdir -p /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/lib

cp libcgi.a /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/lib

(2)tar zxf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make

make install

tar zxvf libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz

(3)cd libpng-1.2.18

./configure --disable-shared --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make

make install

tar zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz

(4)cd freetype-2.2.5

./configure --disable-shared --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make

make install

(5)tar zxvf libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz 用RPM把開發包也裝上libart_lgpl-devel....

cd libart_lgpl-2.3.17

./configure --disable-shared --

prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make;make install

(6)tar xjf intltool-0.40.6.tar.bz2

Cd intltool-0.40.6

./configure

Make;make install

(7)tar zxf rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz

cd rrdtool-1.2.23

./configure --prefix=/uar/local/rrdtool --disable-tcl &&

make && make install

//完成後創建符號鏈接

ln –s /usr/local/rrdtool/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

cp /usr/local/lib/libpng.so.0 /usr/lib/ 這步必須有,不然報錯找不到此文件。

//執行rrdtool 看是否安裝正確

4. 安裝net-snmp

# tar zxvf net-snmp-5.2.4.tar.gz

#cd net-snmp-5.2.4

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp --enable-developer

#make

#make install

# ln –s /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

#cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

修改/usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf文件的61和62行,設置能夠訪問改SNMP的網段以及community名稱。
好比設置爲
com2sec local localhost public
com2sec mynetwork 192.168.100.0/24 public

# /usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

啓動SNMP 服務

# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

//在rc.local 上加入一行/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf,系統啓動時啓動SNMP

服務。

5. 安裝Cacti

Cacti 官方網站:www.cacti.net/

# tar –zxvf cacti-0.8.6j.tar.gz

# mv cacti-0.8.6j /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti

# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php

$database_type = "mysql";

$database_default = "cacti";

$database_hostname = "localhost";

$database_username = "cacti";

$database_password = "cacti";

//添加cacti 用戶

# useradd cacti

//將rra 目錄的全部權給cacti 用戶

# chown –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra

//修改cacti 目錄所屬組

# chgrp –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti

//添加cron 任務

# crontab –e

*/5 * * * * /usr/local/bin/php /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php

&gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&1

6. 安裝Cactid

CACTID 的安裝須要如下支持:

net-snmp-devel (須要編譯安裝net-snmp 時添加--enable-developer 選項)

mysql

mysql-devel (mysql 源文件編譯安裝後默認支持)

openssl-devel (Redhat 默認安裝)

# tar -zxvf cacti-cactid-0.8.6i.tar.gz

# cd cacti-cactid-0.8.6i

# ./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-snmp=/usr/local/net-snmp

# make;

//這時你將在此目錄下看到多出了cactid、cactid.conf 兩個文件

# mkdir /usr/local/cactid

# cp cactid cactid.conf /usr/local/cactid

# vi /usr/local/cactid/cactid.conf //修改cactid 配置文件

DB_Host 127.0.0.1

DB_Database cacti

DB_User cacti

DB_Pass cacti

7. 數據庫配置

#mysql –uroot –p

Password:

mysql&gt; create database cacti;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql&gt; grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by 「cacti」;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql&gt;exit

# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti

# mysql –uroot –p cacti &lt; cacti.sql

Password:

補充:#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.15

#ldconfig

這兩句要加上,不然系統沒法找到libmysqlclient.so.15庫

Chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log

Chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra

8. 完成cacti 的安裝

1).在瀏覽器中輸入:http://ip/cacti/

默認用戶名:admin 密碼:admin

設置cacti用到的命令路徑
snmpwalk Binary Path       /usr/local/ bin/snmpwalk
snmpget Binary Path       /usr/local/ bin/snmpget
RRDTool Binary Path       /usr/local/ bin/rrdtool
PHP Binary Path             /usr/local/bin/php
Cacti Log File Path       /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log/cacti.log
Cactid Poller File Path    /usr/local/cactid/cactid

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