DES是一個分組加密算法,它以64位爲分組對數據加密。同時DES也是一個對稱算法:加密和解密用的是同一個算法。DES是一個包含16個階段的「替換–置換」的分組加密算法,64位的分組明文序列做爲加密算法的輸入,通過16輪加密獲得64位的密文序列。android
DES算法主要分爲3部分:加解密運算、f函數的處理、輪子密鑰的生成。算法
//PC-1 private int[] PC1={57,49,41,33,25,17,9, 1,58,50,42,34,26,18, 10,2,59,51,43,35,27, 19,11,3,60,52,44,36, 63,55,47,39,31,23,15, 7,62,54,46,38,30,22, 14,6,61,53,45,37,29, 21,13,5,28,20,12,4}; //PC-2 private int[] PC2={14,17,11,24,1,5,3,28, 15,6,21,10,23,19,12,4, 26,8,16,7,27,20,13,2, 41,52,31,37,47,55,30,40, 51,45,33,48,44,49,39,56, 34,53,46,42,50,36,29,32}; //Schedule of Left Shifts private int[] LFT={1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1};
//E擴展 private int[] E={32,1,2,3,4,5, 4,5,6,7,8,9, 8,9,10,11,12,13, 12,13,14,15,16,17, 16,17,18,19,20,21, 20,21,22,23,24,25, 24,25,26,27,28,29, 28,29,30,31,32,1}; //P置換 private int[] P={16,7,20,21,29,12,28,17, 1,15,23,26,5,18,31,10, 2,8,24,14,32,27,3,9, 19,13,30,6,22,11,4,25}; private static final int[][][] S_Box = {//S-盒 {// S_Box[1] { 14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7 }, { 0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8 }, { 4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0 }, { 15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13 } }, { // S_Box[2] { 15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10 }, { 3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5 }, { 0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15 }, { 13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9 } }, { // S_Box[3] { 10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8 }, { 13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1 }, { 13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7 }, { 1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12 } }, { // S_Box[4] { 7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15 }, { 13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9 }, { 10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4 }, { 3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14 } }, { // S_Box[5] { 2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9 }, { 14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6 }, { 4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14 }, { 11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3 } }, { // S_Box[6] { 12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11 }, { 10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8 }, { 9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6 }, { 4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13 } }, { // S_Box[7] { 4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1 }, { 13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6 }, { 1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2 }, { 6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12 } }, { // S_Box[8] { 13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7 }, { 1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2 }, { 7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8 }, { 2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11 } } };
L1=R0
R1=L0⊕f(R0,K0)
,而後按此公式進行16輪的運算。//初始置換 private int[] IP={58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2, 60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4, 62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6, 64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8, 57,49,41,33,25,17,9,1, 59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3, 61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5, 63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7}; //逆初始置換 private int[] IP_1={40,8,48,16,56,24,64,32, 39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31, 38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30, 37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29, 36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28, 35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27, 34,2,42,10,50,18,58,26, 33,1,41,9,49,17,57,25};
package DES算法; public class DES { byte[] bytekey; public DES(String strKey) { this.bytekey = strKey.getBytes(); }// 聲明常量字節數組 private static final int[] IP = { 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8, 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7 }; // 64 private static final int[] IP_1 = { 40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32, 39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31, 38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30, 37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29, 36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28, 35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27, 34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26, 33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25 }; // 64 private static final int[] PC_1 = { 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36, 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4 }; // 56 private static final int[] PC_2 = { 14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5, 3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10, 23, 19, 12, 4, 26, 8, 16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2, 41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48, 44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53, 46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32 }; // 48 private static final int[] E = { 32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1 }; // 48 private static final int[] P = { 16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17, 1, 15, 23, 26, 5, 18, 31, 10, 2, 8, 24, 14, 32, 27, 3, 9, 19, 13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25 }; // 32 private static final int[][][] S_Box = {//S-盒 {// S_Box[1] { 14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7 }, { 0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8 }, { 4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0 }, { 15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13 } }, { // S_Box[2] { 15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10 }, { 3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5 }, { 0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15 }, { 13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9 } }, { // S_Box[3] { 10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8 }, { 13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1 }, { 13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7 }, { 1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12 } }, { // S_Box[4] { 7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15 }, { 13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9 }, { 10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4 }, { 3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14 } }, { // S_Box[5] { 2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9 }, { 14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6 }, { 4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14 }, { 11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3 } }, { // S_Box[6] { 12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11 }, { 10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8 }, { 9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6 }, { 4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13 } }, { // S_Box[7] { 4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1 }, { 13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6 }, { 1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2 }, { 6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12 } }, { // S_Box[8] { 13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7 }, { 1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2 }, { 7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8 }, { 2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11 } } }; private static final int[] LeftMove = { 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2,2, 2, 2, 1 }; // 左移位置列表 private byte[] UnitDes(byte[] des_key, byte[] des_data, int flag) { // 檢測輸入參數格式是否正確,錯誤直接返回空值(null) if ((des_key.length != 8) || (des_data.length != 8)|| ((flag != 1) && (flag != 0))) { throw new RuntimeException("Data Format Error !"); } int flags = flag;// 二進制加密密鑰 int[] keydata = new int[64];// 二進制加密數據 int[] encryptdata = new int[64]; // 加密操做完成後的字節數組 byte[] EncryptCode = new byte[8];// 密鑰初試化成二維數組 int[][] KeyArray = new int[16][48];// 將密鑰字節數組轉換成二進制字節數組 keydata = ReadDataToBirnaryIntArray(des_key);// 將加密數據字節數組轉換成二進制字節數組 encryptdata = ReadDataToBirnaryIntArray(des_data);// 初試化密鑰爲二維密鑰數組 KeyInitialize(keydata, KeyArray); // 執行加密解密操做 EncryptCode = Encrypt(encryptdata, flags, KeyArray); return EncryptCode; }// 初試化密鑰數組 private void KeyInitialize(int[] key, int[][] keyarray) { int i; int j; int[] K0 = new int[56];// 特別注意:xxx[IP[i]-1]等相似變換 for (i = 0; i < 56; i++) { K0[i] = key[PC_1[i] - 1]; // 密鑰進行PC-1變換 } for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { LeftBitMove(K0, LeftMove[i]); // 特別注意:xxx[IP[i]-1]等相似變換 for (j = 0; j < 48; j++) { keyarray[i][j] = K0[PC_2[j] - 1]; // 生成子密鑰keyarray[i][j] } } } // 執行加密解密操做 private byte[] Encrypt(int[] timeData, int flag, int[][] keyarray) { int i; byte[] encrypt = new byte[8]; int flags = flag; int[] M = new int[64]; int[] MIP_1 = new int[64]; // 特別注意:xxx[IP[i]-1]等相似變換 for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) { M[i] = timeData[IP[i] - 1]; // 明文IP變換 } if (flags == 1) { // 加密 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { LoopF(M, i, flags, keyarray); } } else if (flags == 0) { // 解密 for (i = 15; i > -1; i--) { LoopF(M, i, flags, keyarray); } } for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) { MIP_1[i] = M[IP_1[i] - 1]; // 進行IP-1運算 } GetEncryptResultOfByteArray(MIP_1, encrypt);// 返回加密數據 return encrypt; } private int[] ReadDataToBirnaryIntArray(byte[] intdata) { int i; int j; // 將數據轉換爲二進制數,存儲到數組 int[] IntDa = new int[8]; for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { IntDa[i] = intdata[i]; if (IntDa[i] < 0) { IntDa[i] += 256; IntDa[i] %= 256; } } int[] IntVa = new int[64]; for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) { IntVa[((i * 8) + 7) - j] = IntDa[i] % 2; IntDa[i] = IntDa[i] / 2; } } return IntVa; } private void LeftBitMove(int[] k, int offset) { int i; // 循環移位操做函數 int[] c0 = new int[28]; int[] d0 = new int[28]; int[] c1 = new int[28]; int[] d1 = new int[28]; for (i = 0; i < 28; i++) { c0[i] = k[i]; d0[i] = k[i + 28]; } if (offset == 1) { for (i = 0; i < 27; i++) { // 循環左移一位 c1[i] = c0[i + 1]; d1[i] = d0[i + 1]; } c1[27] = c0[0]; d1[27] = d0[0]; } else if (offset == 2) { for (i = 0; i < 26; i++) { // 循環左移兩位 c1[i] = c0[i + 2]; d1[i] = d0[i + 2]; } c1[26] = c0[0]; d1[26] = d0[0]; c1[27] = c0[1]; d1[27] = d0[1]; } for (i = 0; i < 28; i++) { k[i] = c1[i]; k[i + 28] = d1[i]; } } private void LoopF(int[] M, int times, int flag, int[][] keyarray) { int i; int j; int[] L0 = new int[32]; int[] R0 = new int[32]; int[] L1 = new int[32]; int[] R1 = new int[32]; int[] RE = new int[48]; int[][] S = new int[8][6]; int[] sBoxData = new int[8]; int[] sValue = new int[32]; int[] RP = new int[32]; for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) { L0[i] = M[i]; // 明文左側的初始化 R0[i] = M[i + 32]; // 明文右側的初始化 } for (i = 0; i < 48; i++) { RE[i] = R0[E[i] - 1]; // 通過E變換擴充,由32位變爲48位 RE[i] = RE[i] + keyarray[times][i]; // 與KeyArray[times][i]按位做不進位加法運算 if (RE[i] == 2) { RE[i] = 0; } } for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { // 48位分紅8組 for (j = 0; j < 6; j++) { S[i][j] = RE[(i * 6) + j]; } // 下面通過S盒,獲得8個數 sBoxData[i] = S_Box[i][(S[i][0] << 1) + S[i][5]][(S[i][1] << 3) + (S[i][2] << 2) + (S[i][3] << 1) + S[i][4]]; // 8個數變換輸出二進制 for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) { sValue[((i * 4) + 3) - j] = sBoxData[i] % 2; sBoxData[i] = sBoxData[i] / 2; } } for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) { RP[i] = sValue[P[i] - 1]; // 通過P變換 L1[i] = R0[i]; // 右邊移到左邊 R1[i] = L0[i] + RP[i]; if (R1[i] == 2) { R1[i] = 0; } // 從新合成M,返回數組M // 最後一次變換時,左右不進行互換。此處採用兩次變換實現不變 if (((flag == 0) && (times == 0)) || ((flag == 1) && (times == 15))) { M[i] = R1[i]; M[i + 32] = L1[i]; } else { M[i] = L1[i]; M[i + 32] = R1[i]; } } } private void GetEncryptResultOfByteArray(int[] data, byte[] value) { int i; int j; // 將存儲64位二進制數據的數組中的數據轉換爲八個整數(byte) for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) { value[i] += (data[(i << 3) + j] << (7 - j)); } } for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { value[i] %= 256; if (value[i] > 128) { value[i] -= 255; } } } private byte[] ByteDataFormat(byte[] data, int flag) { int len = data.length; int padlen = 8 - (len % 8); int newlen = len + padlen; byte[] newdata = new byte[newlen]; System.arraycopy(data, 0, newdata, 0, len); for (int i = len; i < newlen; i++) newdata[i] = (byte) padlen; return newdata; } public byte[] DesEncrypt(byte[] des_data, int flag) { byte[] format_key = ByteDataFormat(bytekey, flag); byte[] format_data = ByteDataFormat(des_data, flag); int datalen = format_data.length; int unitcount = datalen / 8; byte[] result_data = new byte[datalen]; for (int i = 0; i < unitcount; i++) { byte[] tmpkey = new byte[8]; byte[] tmpdata = new byte[8]; System.arraycopy(format_key, 0, tmpkey, 0, 8); System.arraycopy(format_data, i * 8, tmpdata, 0, 8); byte[] tmpresult = UnitDes(tmpkey, tmpdata, flag); System.arraycopy(tmpresult, 0, result_data, i * 8, 8); } // 當前爲解密過程,去掉加密時產生的填充位 byte[] decryptbytearray = null; if (flag == 0) { int total_len = datalen; int delete_len = result_data[total_len - 8 - 1]; delete_len = ((delete_len >= 1) && (delete_len <= 8)) ? delete_len : 0; decryptbytearray = new byte[total_len - delete_len - 8]; boolean del_flag = true; for (int k = 0; k < delete_len; k++) { if (delete_len != result_data[total_len - 8 - (k + 1)]) del_flag = false; } if (del_flag == true) { System.arraycopy(result_data, 0, decryptbytearray, 0, total_len- delete_len - 8); } } return (flag == 1) ? result_data : decryptbytearray; } public static void main(String[] args) { String key = "這是密鑰"; String data = "wpy是沙雕"; DES desUtil = new DES(key); System.err.println("加密前明文:" + data); // 加密後的byte型的密文 byte[] result = desUtil.DesEncrypt(data.getBytes(), 1); System.err.println("加密後密文:" + new String(result)); // 下句直接把byte類型的密文解密 System.err.println("解密後明文:"+ new String(desUtil.DesEncrypt(result, 0))); } }
public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner inn = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("請選擇你想要執行的任務:\n1.加密明文;\n2.解密密文"); int choose = inn.nextInt(); if(choose == 1){ System.out.println("請輸入保存明文的文件名:"); String MFile = inn.next(); System.out.println("請輸入加解密所需密鑰:"); String key = inn.next(); String data = ""; int n=-1; byte [] a=new byte[100]; try{ File f=new File(MFile); InputStream in = new FileInputStream(f); while((n=in.read(a,0,100))!=-1) { data=new String (a,0,n); } in.close(); } catch(IOException e) { System.out.println("File read Error"+e); } DES desUtil = new DES(key); System.err.println("加密前明文:" + data); // 加密後的byte型的密文 byte[] result = desUtil.DesEncrypt(data.getBytes(), 1); System.err.println("加密後密文:" + new String(result)); System.out.println("請輸入保存密文的文件名:"); String MMFile = inn.next(); // 下句直接把byte類型的密文解密 File file = new File(MMFile); try{ OutputStream out=new FileOutputStream(file); out.write(result); out.close(); out=new FileOutputStream(file,true); } catch(IOException e) { System.out.println("Error "+e); } } else if(choose == 2){ System.out.println("請輸入保存密文的文件名:"); String MFile = inn.next(); System.out.println("請輸入加解密所需密鑰:"); String key = inn.next(); String result = ""; int n=-1; byte [] a=new byte[100]; try{ File f=new File(MFile); InputStream in = new FileInputStream(f); while((n=in.read(a,0,100))!=-1) { result=new String (a,0,n); } in.close(); } catch(IOException e) { System.out.println("File read Error"+e); } DES desUtil = new DES(key); System.err.println("解密前密文:" + result); byte [] data = desUtil.DesEncrypt(result.getBytes(), 0); System.err.println("解密後明文:"+ desUtil.DesEncrypt(result.getBytes(), 0)); System.out.println("請輸入保存明文的文件名:"); String MMFile = inn.next(); File file = new File(MMFile); try{ OutputStream out=new FileOutputStream(file); out.write(data); out.close(); out=new FileOutputStream(file,true); } catch(IOException e) { System.out.println("Error "+e); } } }
施行加密
數組
施行解密
函數