Windows server 2008 R2搭建DataGuard

時間  2019-12-09
標籤 windows server r2 搭建 dataguard 欄目 Windows 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

由於須要一份DG的搭建文檔，Linux端的詳細文檔不少，可是網上的Windows端的文檔卻老是寫的不是特別詳細，因此參考多位博主，實驗屢次總結一份搭建成功的配置文檔。java

DG搭建說明：本文檔爲Oracle數據庫在windows環境下的DG搭建。sql

1、物理規劃數據庫

數據庫要求：
windows

  1. Oracle database 11gR2(數據庫版本相同)bash

  2. 備庫數據庫僅安裝軟件，不建庫服務器

  3. 安裝路徑相同，實例名相同（便於安裝維護管理）網絡

  4. 具體安裝路徑爲E:\app\Administratosession

做系統要求：oracle

   Windows server 2008 R2（操做系統版本相同）app


說明：服務器環境爲VM搭建的兩臺虛擬機，操做系統爲Windows Server 2008 R2，數據庫爲Oracle11gR2，安裝目錄實例名所有相同，archivelog下的arch文件夾爲手動建立。


2、配置過程

1.主庫配置
  • 主庫啓動到mount狀態下開啓歸檔和force logging

SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database force logging;複製代碼

  • 查看當前日誌組，併爲備庫建立日誌文件

SQL> select * from v$logfile order by group#;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('E:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO04.LOG') size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('E:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO05.LOG') size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('E:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO06.LOG') size 50m;複製代碼

  • 建立備庫standby的控制文件

SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as ‘E:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch\standby.ctl’;
複製代碼

  • 建立參數文件

SQL> create pfile from spfile;
默認參數文件位置爲：
E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database
複製代碼

  • 編輯參數文件initorcl.ora

orcl.__db_cache_size=343932928
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__oracle_base='E:\app\Administrator'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=343932928
orcl.__sga_target=515899392
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=155189248
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='E:\app\Administrator\admin\orcl\adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl\control01.ctl','E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4102029312
*.diagnostic_dest='E:\app\Administrator'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.memory_target=858783744
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
#如下爲新加部分
*.db_unique_name='primary'
*.archive_lag_target=1800
*.fal_client='standby'
*.fal_server='primary'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch VALID_FOR=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=primary'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=standby arch async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=standby'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='enable'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl','E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl'
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch','E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch'
*.standby_file_management='auto'
複製代碼

  • 使用修改事後的參數文件啓動數據庫

SQL> startup pfile=’ E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\initorcl.ora’;
SQL> create spfile from pfile=’ E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\initorcl.ora’;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;
複製代碼

  • 建立密碼文件

密碼文件存放於
E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database目錄,文件名爲PWDorcl.ora(orcl爲實例名)
若如下目錄找不到，則手動建立，命令爲：
SQL> orapwd file=E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\PWDorcl.ora password=123 entries=10複製代碼

  • 配置網絡監聽

文件位置爲E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\listener.ora修改listener.ora文件：
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
  )
#原有基礎添加一個SID_DESC
    (SID_DESC = 
	(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
	(ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
	(SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )
#原有基礎添加一個LISTENER
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.128)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\Administrator
複製代碼

##修改tnsname.ora文件
#tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
#Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
#添加一個PRIMARY
PRIMARY =
     (DESCRIPTION =
       (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.3.128) (PORT = 1521))
      )
      (CONNECT_DATA =
           (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
      )
    )
#添加一個STANDBY
STANDBY=
    (DESCRIPTION =
       (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.3.131) (PORT = 1521))
      )
      (CONNECT_DATA = 
          (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
      )
    )
ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
    (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO) 
   )
  )
ORCL=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.128)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )
複製代碼

  • 測試監聽

SQL> alter database open;
C:\Users\Administrator> lsnrctl stop
C:\Users\Administrator> lsnrctl start
C:\Users\Administrator> sqlplus username/pwd@primary as sysdba
複製代碼

  • 關閉主庫進行數據庫冷拷貝

SQL> shutdown immediate
1. 將E:\app\Administrator目錄下的admin,cfgtollogs,diag,flash_recover_area目錄以及密碼文件拷貝到備用庫的相同路徑（已存在的覆蓋）
2. 將主庫的listener.ora和tnsname.ora拷貝到備庫相同路徑
3. 將standby.ctl文件拷貝到備庫E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl\和E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\修改成control01.ctl和control02.ctl
4. 主庫備庫在E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\下建立文件夾arch複製代碼

2.備庫配置

  • 修改拷貝到備庫的監聽文件listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.131)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )複製代碼

  • 爲備庫建立實例

C:\Users\Administrator> oradim –new –sid orcl
注：如若備庫中已經建立數據庫，實例名爲orcl，此過程能夠跳過（會報錯實例已存在）複製代碼

  • 啓動備庫監聽

C:\Users\Administrator> lsnrctl start
複製代碼

  • 修改拷貝到備庫的參數文件initorcl.ora

orcl.__db_cache_size=343932928
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__oracle_base='E:\app\Administrator'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=343932928
orcl.__sga_target=515899392
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=155189248
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='E:\app\Administrator\admin\orcl\adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl\control01.ctl','E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4102029312
*.diagnostic_dest='E:\app\Administrator'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.memory_target=858783744
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
#如下爲新加部分
*.db_unique_name='standby'
*.archive_lag_target=1800
*.fal_client='primary'
*.fal_server='standby '
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch VALID_FOR=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name= standby '
*.log_archive_dest_2='service= primary arch async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name= primary '
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='enable'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl','E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl'
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch','E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch'
*.standby_file_management='auto'
複製代碼

  • 使用修改的參數文件創建備庫實例

SQL> startup nomount pfile=’E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\initorcl.ora’;
SQL> create spfile from pfile=’E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\initorcl.ora’;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup nomount;複製代碼


3.使用RMAN複製數據庫

  • 對主庫使用RMAN備份

C:\Users\Administrator> RMAN target /
RMAN> backup full database format=’E:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\orcl\arch\FOR_STANDBY_%u_%p_%s.RMN’ include current controlfile for standby;
RMAN> sql ‘alter system archive log current’;
將產生的備份拷貝到備庫相同的路徑下複製代碼

RMAN備份集拷貝到備庫相同的路徑後，繼續在主庫的RMAN中執行如下命令
RMAN > connect auxiliary sys/oracle@standby;
RMAN > duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;
複製代碼

  • 啓動備庫standby

C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
複製代碼


3、驗證DG搭建是否成功

備庫：
SQL> select name,open_mode,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME      OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    PROTECTION_MODE      SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
PROD      READ ONLY WITH APPLY          PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  NOT ALLOWED

主庫：
SQL> select name,open_mode,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME      OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    PROTECTION_MODE      SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
PROD      READ WRITE           PRIMARY          MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  TO STANDBY

主庫和備庫分別執行：
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log order by sequence#; 
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- --------
        10 YES
        11 YES
        12 YES
        13 YES
        14 YES
        15 YES
        16 YES
        17 YES
        18 YES
        19 YES
若是查看從庫能夠看到歸檔日誌,表示歸檔日誌同步成功,若是APPLIED列的值爲yes,表示重作應用成功。
而後能夠手動切換日誌
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
實驗：在主庫scott用戶建立表，提交手動切換日誌，查看備庫是否建立新表。複製代碼


4、開庫過程當中遇到的問題

SQL > alter database open read only;
……
報錯ORA-10456:cannot open standby database; media recovery session may be in progress複製代碼

  • 這個的緣由以下 ： 恢復模式不可打開數據庫 因此先要cancel日誌應用，在開啓日誌應用
操做流程以下: 

1) alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
2) alter database open read only;
3) alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;複製代碼

  • 測試狀況以下：

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode                Archive Mode
Automatic archival                 Enabled
Archive destination                +DATA
Oldest online log sequence         38
Next log sequence to archive       0
Current log sequence               39

SQL> select name,open_mode from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE
------------------ ----------------------------------------
orcl MOUNTED
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open read only;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL> select name,open_mode from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE
------------------ ----------------------------------------
RAC READ ONLY WITH APPLY複製代碼


數據庫開關順序：

開庫順序：先備庫、後主庫（備庫就像一個僕人，沒事兒先候着）

關庫順序：先主庫、後備庫（主庫就像一個主人，有事兒先撤了）

搭建完成

相關文章
相關標籤/搜索
每日一句
    每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
本站公眾號
   歡迎關注本站公眾號,獲取更多信息
聯繫我們 最近搜索 最新文章 沪ICP备13005482号-10 MyBatis教程 SQL 教程 MySQL教程 Java 教程 Thymeleaf 教程 Hibernate教程 Spring教程 Redis教程