【MySql】——MHA+GTID+failover+binlog-server+Atlas
1、環境準備
1.mysql-db01
1 #系統版本 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 3 CentOS release 6.7 (Final) 4 #內核版本 5 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# uname -r 6 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 7 #IP地址 8 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# hostname -I 9 10.0.0.51
2.mysql-db02
1 #系統版本 2 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 3 CentOS release 6.7 (Final) 4 #內核版本 5 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# uname -r 6 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 7 #IP地址 8 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# hostname -I 9 10.0.0.52
3.mysql-db03
1 #系統版本 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 3 CentOS release 6.7 (Final) 4 #內核版本 5 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# uname -r 6 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 7 #IP地址 8 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# hostname -I 9 10.0.0.53
2、安裝mysql
1.安裝包準備
1 #建立安裝包存放目錄 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mkdir /home/oldboy/tools -p 3 #進入目錄 4 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/ 5 #上傳mysql安裝包（mysql-5.6.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz） 6 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# rz -be
2.安裝
1 #建立安裝目錄 2 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# mkdir /application 3 #解壓mysql二進制包 4 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# tar xf mysql-5.6.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 5 #移動安裝包 6 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# mv mysql-5.6.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.6.16 7 #作軟連接 8 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.16/ /application/mysql 9 #建立mysql用戶 10 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M 11 #進入mysql初始化目錄 12 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# cd /application/mysql/scripts/ 13 #初始化mysql 14 [root@mysql-db01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db \ 15 --user=mysql \ 16 --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ \ 17 --basedir=/application/mysql/ 18 #註解 19 --user： 指定mysql用戶 20 --datadir：指定mysql數據存放目錄 21 --basedir：指定mysql base目錄 22 #拷貝mysql配置文件 23 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# \cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf 24 #拷貝mysql啓動腳本 25 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 26 #修改mysql默認安裝目錄（不然沒法啓動） 27 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# sed -i 's#/usr/local#/application#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld 28 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# sed -i 's#/usr/local#/application#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 29 #配置mysql環境變量 30 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# echo 'export PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"' >> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 31 #刷新環境變量 32 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# source /etc/profile
3.啓動並添加開機自啓
1 #加入開機自啓 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on 3 #啓動mysql 4 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start 5 Starting MySQL........... SUCCESS! #啓動成功
4.設置root密碼
1 #配置mysql密碼爲oldboy123 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password oldboy123
3、主從複製
1.先決條件
-
主庫和從庫都要開啓binlog （由於從庫有可能被提高爲主庫，因此必須開啓binlog）node
-
主庫和從庫server-id不一樣mysql
-
要有主從複製用戶linux
2.主庫操做
2.1修改配置文件
1 #編輯mysql配置文件 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 3 #在mysqld標籤下配置 4 [mysqld] 5 #主庫server-id爲1，從庫必須和主庫不同 6 server_id =1 7 #開啓binlog日誌 8 log_bin=mysql-bin
2.2建立主從複製用戶
1 #登陸數據庫 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 3 #建立rep用戶 4 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'oldboy123';
3.從庫操做
3.1修改配置文件
1 #修改mysql-db02配置文件 2 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 3 #在mysqld標籤下配置 4 [mysqld] 5 #主庫server-id爲1，從庫必須和主庫不同 6 server_id =5 7 #開啓binlog日誌 8 log_bin=mysql-bin 9 #重啓mysql 10 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart 11 12 #修改mysql-db03配置文件 13 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 14 #在mysqld標籤下配置 15 [mysqld] 16 #主庫server-id爲1，從庫必須和主庫不同 17 server_id =10 18 #開啓binlog日誌 19 log_bin=mysql-bin 20 #重啓mysql 21 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
注：在以往若是是基於binlog日誌的主從複製，則必需要記住主庫的master狀態信息。git
1 mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+github
| File | Position |sql
+------------------+----------+數據庫
| mysql-bin.000002 | 120 |vim
+------------------+----------+後端
4.開啓GTID
1 #沒開啓以前先看一下GTID的狀態 2 mysql> show global variables like '%gtid%';
+--------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------+
| enforce_gtid_consistency | OFF |
| gtid_executed | |
| gtid_mode | OFF |
| gtid_owned | |
| gtid_purged | |
+--------------------------+-------+ 3 #編輯mysql配置文件（主庫從庫都須要修改） 4 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 5 #在[mysqld]標籤下添加 6 [mysqld] 7 gtid_mode=ON 8 log_slave_updates 9 enforce_gtid_consistency 10 #重啓數據庫 11 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart 12 #檢查GTID狀態 13 mysql> show global variables like '%gtid%';
+--------------------------+-------+網絡
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------+
| enforce_gtid_consistency | ON | #執行GTID一致
| gtid_executed | |
| gtid_mode | ON | #開啓GTID模塊
| gtid_owned | |
| gtid_purged | |
+--------------------------+-------+
注：主庫從庫都須要開啓GTID不然在作主從複製的時候就會報錯
1 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 2 mysql> change master to 3 -> master_host='10.0.0.51', 4 -> master_user='rep', 5 -> master_password='oldboy123', 6 -> master_auto_position=1; 7 ERROR 1777 (HY000): CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1 can only be executed when @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE = ON.
5.配置主從複製
1 #登陸數據庫 2 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 3 #配置複製主機信息 4 mysql> change master to 5 #主庫IP 6 -> master_host='10.0.0.51', 7 #主庫複製用戶 8 -> master_user='rep', 9 #主庫複製用戶的密碼 10 -> master_password='oldboy123', 11 #GTID位置點 12 -> master_auto_position=1; 13 #開啓slave 14 mysql> start slave; 15 #查看slave狀態 16 mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.51 #主庫IP
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306 #主庫端口
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 #binlog名
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_File: mysql-db02-relay-bin.000005
Relay_Log_Pos: 401
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes #IO線程狀態
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #SQL線程狀態
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_Space: 1883
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad
Master_Info_File: /application/mysql-5.6.16/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1 #GTID號
Executed_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1 #GTID號
Auto_Position: 1
6.從庫其它配置
1 #登陸從庫 2 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 3 #禁用自動刪除relay log 功能 4 mysql> set global relay_log_purge = 0; 5 #設置只讀 6 mysql> set global read_only=1; 7 #編輯配置文件 8 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 9 #在mysqld標籤下添加 10 [mysqld] 11 #禁用自動刪除relay log 永久生效 12 relay_log_purge = 0
4、部署MHA
1.環境準備（全部節點）
1 #安裝依賴包 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# yum install perl-DBD-MySQL -y 3 #進入安裝包存放目錄 4 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/ 5 #上傳mha安裝包 6 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# rz -be 7 mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm 8 mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz 9 mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm 10 mha4mysql-node-0.56.tar.gz 11 #安裝node包 12 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm 13 #登陸數據庫 14 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 15 #添加mha管理帳號 16 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to mha@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'mha'; 17 #查看是否添加成功 18 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; 19 #主庫上建立，從庫會自動複製（在從庫上查看） 20 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
2.命令軟鏈接
1 #若是不建立命令軟鏈接，檢測mha複製狀況的時候會報錯 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ln -s /application/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog 3 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ln -s /application/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
3.管理節點（mha-manager）
3.1在mysql-db03上安裝管理節點
1 #使用epel源 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo 3 #安裝manager依賴包 4 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# yum install -y perl-Config-Tiny epel-release perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Time-HiRes 5 #安裝manager包 6 [root@mysql-db03 tools]# rpm -ivh mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm 7 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 8 1:mha4mysql-manager ########################################### [100%]
4.配置文件
1 #建立配置文件目錄 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/mha 3 #建立日誌目錄 4 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/mha/app1 5 #編輯mha配置文件 6 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf 7 [server default] 8 manager_log=/var/log/mha/app1/manager 9 manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/app1 10 master_binlog_dir=/application/mysql/data 11 user=mha 12 password=mha 13 ping_interval=2 14 repl_password=oldboy123 15 repl_user=rep 16 ssh_user=root 17 18 [server1] 19 hostname=10.0.0.51 20 port=3306 21 22 [server2] 23 candidate_master=1 24 check_repl_delay=0 25 hostname=10.0.0.52 26 port=3306 27 28 [server3] 29 hostname=10.0.0.53 30 port=3306
【配置文件詳解】
1 [server default] 2 #設置manager的工做目錄 3 manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1 4 #設置manager的日誌 5 manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 6 #設置master 保存binlog的位置，以便MHA能夠找到master的日誌，我這裏的也就是mysql的數據目錄 7 master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql 8 #設置自動failover時候的切換腳本 9 master_ip_failover_script= /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover 10 #設置手動切換時候的切換腳本 11 master_ip_online_change_script= /usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change 12 #設置mysql中root用戶的密碼，這個密碼是前文中建立監控用戶的那個密碼 13 password=123456 14 #設置監控用戶root 15 user=root 16 #設置監控主庫，發送ping包的時間間隔，嘗試三次沒有迴應的時候自動進行failover 17 ping_interval=1 18 #設置遠端mysql在發生切換時binlog的保存位置 19 remote_workdir=/tmp 20 #設置複製用戶的密碼 21 repl_password=123456 22 #設置複製環境中的複製用戶名 23 repl_user=rep 24 #設置發生切換後發送的報警的腳本 25 report_script=/usr/local/send_report 26 #一旦MHA到server02的監控之間出現問題，MHA Manager將會嘗試從server03登陸到server02 27 secondary_check_script= /usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s server03 -s server02 --user=root --master_host=server02 --master_ip=192.168.0.50 --master_port=3306 28 #設置故障發生後關閉故障主機腳本（該腳本的主要做用是關閉主機放在發生腦裂,這裏沒有使用） 29 shutdown_script="" 30 #設置ssh的登陸用戶名 31 ssh_user=root 32 33 [server1] 34 hostname=10.0.0.51 35 port=3306 36 37 [server2] 38 hostname=10.0.0.52 39 port=3306 40 #設置爲候選master，若是設置該參數之後，發生主從切換之後將會將此從庫提高爲主庫，即便這個主庫不是集羣中事件最新的slave 41 candidate_master=1 42 #默認狀況下若是一個slave落後master 100M的relay logs的話，MHA將不會選擇該slave做爲一個新的master，由於對於這個slave的恢復須要花費很長時間，經過設置check_repl_delay=0,MHA觸發切換在選擇一個新的master的時候將會忽略複製延時，這個參數對於設置了candidate_master=1的主機很是有用，由於這個候選主在切換的過程當中必定是新的master 43 check_repl_delay=0
5.ssh-key(全部節點)
1 #建立祕鑰對 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa >/dev/null 2>&1 3 #發送公鑰，包括本身 4 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@10.0.0.51 5 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@10.0.0.52 6 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@10.0.0.53
6.啓動前測試
1 #測試ssh 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf 3 #看到以下字樣，則測試成功 4 Tue Mar 7 01:03:33 2017 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully. 5 #測試複製 6 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf 7 #看到以下字樣，則測試成功 8 MySQL Replication Health is OK.
7.啓動MHA
1 #啓動 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
8.failover測試
1 #登陸數據庫（db02） 2 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 3 #檢查複製狀況 4 mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.51
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_File: mysql-db02-relay-bin.000005
Relay_Log_Pos: 401
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_Space: 1883
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad
Master_Info_File: /application/mysql-5.6.16/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1
Executed_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1
Auto_Position: 1 5 #登陸數據庫（db03） 6 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 7 #檢查複製狀況 8 mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.51
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_File: mysql-db02-relay-bin.000005
Relay_Log_Pos: 401
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_Space: 1883
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad
Master_Info_File: /application/mysql-5.6.16/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1
Executed_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1 9 #停掉主庫 10 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop 11 Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS! 12 #登陸數據庫（db02） 13 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 14 #查看slave狀態 15 mysql> show slave status\G 16 #db02的slave已經爲空 17 Empty set (0.00 sec) 18 #登陸數據庫（db03） 19 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 20 #查看slave狀態 21 mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.52
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_File: mysql-db03-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 361
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_Space: 1883
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad
Master_Info_File: /application/mysql-5.6.16/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1
Executed_Gtid_Set: 722cdde9-0272-11e7-a825-000c2951d7ad:1
5、VIP漂移
1.vip漂移的兩種方式
- 經過keepalived的方式，管理VIP的漂移
- 經過MHA自帶腳本方式，管理VIP的漂移
2.MHA自帶腳本方式
2.1修改配置文件
1 #編輯配置文件 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf 3 #在[server default]標籤下添加 4 [server default] 5 #使用MHA自帶腳本 6 master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
2.2編輯腳本
1 #根據配置文件中腳本路徑編輯 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# vim /etc/mha/master_ip_failover 3 #修改如下幾行內容 4 my $vip = '10.0.0.55/24'; 5 my $key = '0'; 6 my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip"; 7 my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down"; 8 #添加執行權限，不然mha沒法啓動 9 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# chmod +x /etc/mha/master_ip_failover
【腳本內容以下】
#!/usr/bin/env perl use strict; use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use Getopt::Long; my ( $command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port ); my $vip = '10.0.0.55/24'; my $key = '1'; my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth1:$key $vip"; my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth1:$key down"; GetOptions( 'command=s' => \$command, 'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user, 'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host, 'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip, 'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port, 'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host, 'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip, 'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port, ); exit &main(); sub main { print "\n\nIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n"; if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) { my $exit_code = 1; eval { print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host \n"; &stop_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn "Got Error: $@\n"; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "start" ) { my $exit_code = 10; eval { print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n"; &start_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn $@; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "status" ) { print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n"; exit 0; } else { &usage(); exit 1; } } sub start_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`; } sub stop_vip() { return 0 unless ($ssh_user); `ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`; } sub usage { print "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n"; }
2.3手動綁定VIP
1 #綁定vip 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ifconfig eth0:0 10.0.0.55/24 3 #查看vip 4 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ip a |grep eth0 5 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 6 inet 10.0.0.51/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global eth0 7 inet 10.0.0.55/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
2.4測試VIP漂移
1 #登陸db02 2 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 3 #查看slave信息 4 mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.51
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_File: mysql-db02-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 361
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
5 #停掉主庫 6 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop 7 Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS! 8 #在db03上查看從庫slave信息 9 mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.52
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_File: mysql-db03-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 361
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
10 #在db01上查看vip信息 11 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ip a |grep eth0 12 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 13 inet 10.0.0.51/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global eth0 14 #在db02上查看vip信息 15 [root@mysql-db02 ~]# ip a |grep eth0 16 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 17 inet 10.0.0.52/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global eth0 18 inet 10.0.0.55/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
6、binlog-server
1.先決條件
- mysql版本5.6以上，必須開啓GTID
- mha版本0.56以上
2.修改配置文件
1 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf 2 [binlog1] 3 no_master=1 4 hostname=10.0.0.53 5 master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/binlog/
3.備份binlog
1 #建立備份binlog目錄 2 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog/ 3 #進入該目錄 4 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# cd /data/mysql/binlog/ 5 #備份binlog 6 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# mysqlbinlog -R --host=10.0.0.51 --user=mha --password=mha --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 & 7 #啓動mha 8 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
4.測試binlog-server
1 #查看binlog目錄中的binlog 2 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ll 3 total 44 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 285 Mar 8 03:11 mysql-bin.000001 5 #登陸主庫 6 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 7 #刷新binlog 8 mysql> flush logs; 9 #再次查看binlog目錄 10 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ll 11 total 48 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 285 Mar 8 03:11 mysql-bin.000001 13 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 143 Mar 8 04:00 mysql-bin.000002
7、mysql讀寫分離中間件Atlas
1.簡介
Atlas是由 Qihoo 360公司Web平臺部基礎架構團隊開發維護的一個基於MySQL協議的數據中間層項目。它在MySQL官方推出的MySQL-Proxy 0.8.2版本的基礎上，修改了大量bug，添加了不少功能特性。它在MySQL官方推出的MySQL-Proxy 0.8.2版本的基礎上，修改了大量bug，添加了不少功能特性。
2.主要功能
- 讀寫分離
- 從庫負載均衡
- IP過濾
- 自動分表
- DBA可平滑上下線DB
- 自動摘除宕機的DB
3.Atlas相對於官方MySQL-Proxy的優點
- 將主流程中全部Lua代碼用C重寫，Lua僅用於管理接口
- 重寫網絡模型、線程模型
- 實現了真正意義上的鏈接池
- 優化了鎖機制，性能提升數十倍
4.安裝
你們有福了，安裝Atlas真的是炒雞簡單，官方提供的Atlas有兩種：
Atlas (普通) : Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Atlas (分表) : Atlas-sharding_1.0.1-el6.x86_64.rpm
這裏咱們只須要下載普通的便可。
1 #在主庫安裝，進入安裝包目錄 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/ 3 #下載Atlas 4 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# 5 wget https://github.com/Qihoo360/Atlas/releases/download/2.2.1/Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm 6 #安裝 7 [root@mysql-db01 tools]# rpm -ivh Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm 8 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 9 1:Atlas ########################################### [100%]
5.配置文件
1 #進入Atlas工具目錄 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/ 3 #生成密碼 4 [root@mysql-db01 bin]# ./encrypt oldboy123 5 #修改Atlas配置文件 6 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf 7 #Atlas後端鏈接的MySQL主庫的IP和端口，可設置多項，用逗號分隔 8 proxy-backend-addresses = 10.0.0.51:3306 9 #Atlas後端鏈接的MySQL從庫的IP和端口 10 proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 10.0.0.52:3306,10.0.0.53:3306 11 #用戶名與其對應的加密過的MySQL密碼 12 pwds = root:1N/CNLSgqXuTZ6zxvGQr9A== 13 #SQL日誌的開關 14 sql-log = ON 15 #Atlas監聽的工做接口IP和端口 16 proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:3307 17 #默認字符集，設置該項後客戶端再也不須要執行SET NAMES語句 18 charset = utf8
6.啓動
1 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start 2 OK: MySQL-Proxy of test is started
7.管理操做
1 #用atlas管理用戶登陸 2 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysql -uuser -ppwd -h127.0.0.1 -P2345 3 #查看可用命令幫助 4 mysql> select * from help; 5 #查看後端代理的庫 6 mysql> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
| backend_ndx | address | state | type |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
| 1 | 10.0.0.51:3307 | up | rw |
| 2 | 10.0.0.53:3307 | up | ro |
| 3 | 10.0.0.52:3307 | up | ro |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
7 #平滑摘除mysql 8 mysql> REMOVE BACKEND 2; 9 Empty set (0.00 sec) 10 #檢查是否摘除成功 11 mysql> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
| backend_ndx | address | state | type |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
| 1 | 10.0.0.51:3307 | up | rw |
| 2 | 10.0.0.52:3307 | up | ro |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
12 #保存到配置文件中 13 mysql> SAVE CONFIG; 14 Empty set (0.06 sec)
【開源是一種精神，分享是一種美德】
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