ios數組基本用法和排序（轉）

時間 2019-11-13

標籤 ios 數組基本用法排序欄目 iOS 简体版

原文原文鏈接

1.建立數組web

[objc] view plain copy 數組

// 建立一個空的數組 app
NSArray *array = [NSArray array]; atom
// 建立有1個元素的數組 spa
array = [NSArray arrayWithObject:@"123"]; .net
// 建立有多個元素的數組指針
array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"a", @"b", @"c", nil nil]; code
NSArray *array3 = [array arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"4", @"5", nil nil]]; component
NSArray *array4 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1", @"2", @"3", @"4", nil nil]; orm
NSRange range = NSMakeRange(1, 2);
NSArray *array5 = [array4 subarrayWithRange:range];

2.數組的一些基本方法

[objc] view plain copy

int count = [array count];//個數
// 判斷是否包含了某個元素
if ([array containsObject:@"a"]) {
NSLog(@"包含了字符串a");
}
NSString *last = [array lastObject];最後一個元素
NSString *str = [array objectAtIndex:1];根據索引獲取數組中的元素
int index = [array indexOfObject:@"c"];獲取指定元素的索引
// 讓數組裏面的全部對象都調用test方法，123爲參數
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1, stu2, stu3, nil nil];
[array makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(test2:) withObject:@"123"];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1", @"2", @"3", @"4", nil nil];
// 1-2-3-4
// 利用分隔符-拼接全部的數組元素
NSString *str = [array componentsJoinedByString:@"-"];
// 將一個數組寫入文件（生成的是一個xml文件）
NSString *path = @"/Users/apple/Desktop/array.xml";
[array writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
path = @"/Users/apple/Desktop/array.txt";
// 從文件中讀取數組內容（文件有嚴格的格式要求）
NSArray *array2 = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path];

3.遍歷數組

[objc] view plain copy

#pragma mark 遍歷數組1
void arrayFor1() {
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1, @"1", @"2", @"3", nil nil];
int count = array.count;
for (int i = 0; i<count; i++) {
id obj = [array objectAtIndex:i];
}
}
#pragma mark 遍歷數組2 快速遍歷
void arrayFor2() {
Student *stu1 = [Student student];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1, @"1", @"2", @"3", nil nil];
int i =0;
for (id obj in array) {
NSLog(@"%i-%@", i, obj);
i++;
}
}
#pragma mark 遍歷數組3
void arrayFor3() {
Student *stu1 = [Student student];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1, @"1", @"2", @"3", nil nil];
[array enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:
^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOLBOOL *stop) {
NSLog(@"%i-%@", idx, obj);
// 若是索引爲1，就中止遍歷
if (idx == 1) {
// 利用指針修改外面BOOL變量的值
*stop = YES;
}
}];
}
#pragma mark 遍歷數組4
void arrayFor4() {
Student *stu1 = [Student student];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1, @"1", @"2", @"3", nil nil];
// 獲取數組的迭代器
// NSEnumerator *enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];
// 反序迭代器（從尾部開始遍歷元素）
NSEnumerator *enumerator = [array reverseObjectEnumerator];
// allObjects是取出沒有被遍歷過的對象
NSArray *array2 = [enumerator allObjects];
NSLog(@"array2:%@", array2);
// 獲取下一個須要遍歷的元素
id obj = nil;
while (obj = [enumerator nextObject]) {
NSLog(@"obj=%@", obj);
}
}

4.數組排序

[objc] view plain copy

#pragma mark 數組排序1
void arraySort1() {
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"2", @"3", @"1", @"4", nil nil];
// 返回一個排好序的數組，原來數組的元素順序不會改變
// 指定元素的比較方法：compare:
NSArray *array2 = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
NSLog(@"array2:%@", array2);
}
#pragma mark 數組排序2
void arraySort2() {
Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"MingJie" lastname:@"Li"];
Student *stu2 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"LongHu" lastname:@"Huang"];
Student *stu3 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"LianJie" lastname:@"Li"];
Student *stu4 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"Jian" lastname:@"Xiao"];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1,stu2,stu3, stu4, nil nil];
// 指定排序的比較方法
NSArray *array2 = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compareStudent:)];
NSLog(@"array2:%@", array2);
}
- (NSComparisonResult)compareStudent:(Student *)stu {
// 先按照姓排序
NSComparisonResult result = [self.lastname compare:stu.lastname];
// 若是有相同的姓，就比較名字
if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
result = [self.firstname compare:stu.firstname];
}
return result;
}
#pragma mark 數組排序3
void arraySort3() {
Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"MingJie" lastname:@"Li"];
Student *stu2 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"LongHu" lastname:@"Huang"];
Student *stu3 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"LianJie" lastname:@"Li"];
Student *stu4 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"Jian" lastname:@"Xiao"];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1,stu2,stu3, stu4, nil nil];
// 利用block進行排序
NSArray *array2 = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:
^NSComparisonResult(Student *obj1, Student *obj2) {
// 先按照姓排序
NSComparisonResult result = [obj1.lastname compare:obj2.lastname];
// 若是有相同的姓，就比較名字
if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
result = [obj1.firstname compare:obj2.firstname];
}
return result;
}];
NSLog(@"array2:%@", array2);
}
#pragma mark 數組排序4-高級排序
void arraySort4() {
Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"MingJie" lastname:@"Li" bookName:@"book1"];
Student *stu2 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"LongHu" lastname:@"Huang" bookName:@"book2"];
Student *stu3 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"LianJie" lastname:@"Li" bookName:@"book2"];
Student *stu4 = [Student studentWithFirstname:@"Jian" lastname:@"Xiao" bookName:@"book1"];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:stu1,stu2,stu3, stu4, nil nil];
// 1.先按照書名進行排序
// 這裏的key寫的是@property的名稱
NSSortDescriptor *bookNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"book.name" ascending:YES];
// 2.再按照姓進行排序
NSSortDescriptor *lastnameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"lastname" ascending:YES];
// 3.再按照名進行排序
NSSortDescriptor *firstnameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"firstname" ascending:YES];
// 按順序添加排序描述器
NSArray *descs = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:bookNameDesc, lastnameDesc, firstnameDesc, nil nil];
NSArray *array2 = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:descs];
NSLog(@"array2:%@", array2);
}