本次實驗搭建的爲一臺服務器上安裝四個mysql實例,實現兩主兩從的結構;而後兩個主mysql承接mycat寫的操做,兩個從mysql承接mycat讀的操做,實現讀寫分離。同時,使用mycat-web鏈接mycat,實現對mycat性能的監控。java
首先查看java版本node
mycat須要jdk1.7以上版本。mysql
我用的mysql安裝包爲源碼包,由於用免編譯包可能會出現文件路徑或權限各類沒有的狀況,作實驗推薦用mysql5.5之前的版本,比較輕量,編譯速度比較快,我用的5.1.73版本,先建立須要的路徑:linux
使用命令:git
cd /data wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
進行下載github
mkdir -p /data/3316/etc /data/3316/var /data/3316/log mkdir -p /data/3317/etc /data/3317/var /data/3317/log mkdir -p /data/3318/etc /data/3318/var /data/3318/log mkdir -p /data/3319/etc /data/3319/var /data/3319/log mkdir -p /tmp/mysql
建立mysql用戶web
groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3316
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3317
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3318
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/3319
chown -R mysql:mysql /tmp/mysql
編譯配置:sql
cd /data #進入安裝包路徑
tar -xvf mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.73 ./configure --prefix=/data/3316 --sysconfdir=/data/3316/etc --with-tcp-port=3316 --localstatedir=/data/3316/var --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql/3316.sock --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,binary --enable-thread-safe-client --with-plugins=innobase --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-charset=utf8 --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
make && make install
而後初始化數據庫,此步驟需在mysql_install_db文件的上層目錄執行,否則會報錯:數據庫
(scripts有的版本在解壓包目錄,有的在本身選的mysql安裝目錄)apache
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3316/var --defaults-file=/data/3316/etc/my.cnf scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3317/var --defaults-file=/data/3317/etc/my.cnf scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3318/var --defaults-file=/data/3318/etc/my.cnf scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3319/var --defaults-file=/data/3319/etc/my.cnf
而後建立各個實例的配置文件:
touch /data/3316/etc/my.cnf touch /data/3317/etc/my.cnf touch /data/3318/etc/my.cnf touch /data/3319/etc/my.cnf
打開文件
vi /data/3316/etc/my.cnf
把下列配置項複製進去
[client] port = 3316 socket = /tmp/mysql/3316.sock [mysql] no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3316 socket = /tmp/mysql/3316.sock basedir = /data/3316 datadir = /data/3316/var open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_open_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k #default_table_type = InnoDB thread_stack = 192K #transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M #long_query_time = 1 #log_long_format log-error = /data/3316/log/error.log log-slow-queries = /data/3316/log/slow.log pid-file = /tmp/mysql/3316.pid log-bin = /data/3316/var/mysql-bin #binlog-do-db = db1 #relay-log = /data/3316/log/relay-bin #relay-log-info-file = /data/3316/log/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve binlog_format = mixed slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 3316 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 4M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 2M [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/3316/log/oldboy_3308.err pid-file=/tmp/mysql/3316.pid
一樣,把/data/3317/etc/my.cnf /data/3318/etc/my.cnf /data/3319/etc/my.cnf 也都複製相同的內容,不過要把全部的3316換成對應的端口。
而後啓動mysql:
cd /data/3316/bin ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3316/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3316/var/ --log-error=/data/3316/mysql.err &
注意:這一步defaults-file配置項必須位於第一個。
一樣在/data/3316/bin目錄下執行
./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3317/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3317/var/ --log-error=/data/3317/mysql.err & ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3318/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3318/var/ --log-error=/data/3318/mysql.err & ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3319/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/data/3316 --datadir=/data/3319/var/ --log-error=/data/3319/mysql.err &
這時候輸入命令:
ls /tmp/mysql
應該會顯示:
到這一步mysql就已經徹底安裝成功了,接下來須要給各個mysql設置密碼,開啓主從複製,接下來以3316,3317爲例;3318,3319同理:
cd /data/3316/bin ./mysqladmin -S /tmp/mysql/3316.sock -uroot password#接下來輸入兩次密碼,我輸入的是123 ./mysqladmin -S /tmp/mysql/3317.sock -uroot password#同上 ./mysql -uroot -S 3316.sock -p #輸入密碼 grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "password"; #開啓mysql遠程訪問權限,password換成你的密碼 flush privileges;
create database db1; #建立實驗數據庫
GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123';#在主庫建立一個從庫用來訪問的用戶
show master status;
show master status命令結果如圖:
此時3316不要再動,打開另外一個窗口操做:
cd /data/3316/bin ./mysql -uroot -S 3317.sock -p create database db1; stop slave; reset slaCHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.223.138.154',MASTER_PORT=3316,MASTER_USER='slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='123',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=246; start slave;
shhow slave status\G;
若是顯示的兩項爲YES,就表明主從複製已經配置好了,能夠實驗下在主庫新建表,對數據增刪改查,從庫是否會作一樣的操做
再用一樣的操做把331八、3319配置好
mkdir /opt/zookeeper cd /opt/zookeeper wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/stable/zookeeper-3.4.13.tar.gz #推薦從國內鏡像站下載,官網太慢了 tar -xvf zookeeper-3.4.13.tar.gz cd zookeeper-3.4.13 cp /opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.13/conf/zoo_sample.cfg /opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.13/conf/zoo.cfg cd bin ./zkServer.sh start ./zkServer.sh status #查看zookeeper啓動結果
mkdir /opt/mycat-web #建立mycat-web目錄 cd /opt/mycat-web wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MyCATApache/Mycat-download/master/mycat-web-1.0/Mycat-web-1.0-SNAPSHOT-20160617163048-linux.tar.gz tar xvf Mycat-web-1.0-SNAPSHOT-20160617163048-linux.tar.gz cd mycat-web vi mycat-web/WEB-INF/classes/mycat.properties zookeeper=10.223.138.154:2181 #修改值,保存退出 ./start.sh
wget http://dl.mycat.io/1.6-RELEASE/Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz #下載mycat tar -xvf Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz cd mycat cd conf vi schema.xml
schema.xml文件是mycat的精華,mycat的讀寫分離,分庫分表功能都經過這個文件實現,先貼上個人配置(此部分參考了別人的配置):
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd"> <mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/"> <!-- TESTDB 是mycat的邏輯庫名稱,連接須要用的 --> <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100"> <!-- auto sharding by id (long) --> <table name="travelrecord" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="auto-sharding-long" /> <!-- global table is auto cloned to all defined data nodes ,so can join with any table whose sharding node is in the same data node --> <table name="company" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1" /> <table name="goods" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn2" /> <!-- random sharding using mod sharind rule --> <table name="hotnews" primaryKey="ID" autoIncrement="true" dataNode="dn1" rule="mod-long" /> <table name="employee" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="sharding-by-intfile" /> <table name="customer" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2" rule="sharding-by-intfile"> </schema> <!-- database 是MySQL數據庫的庫名 --> <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database="db1" /> <dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="localhost1" database="db3" /> <!-- dataNode節點中各屬性說明: name:指定邏輯數據節點名稱; dataHost:指定邏輯數據節點物理主機節點名稱; database:指定物理主機節點上。若是一個節點上有多個庫,可以使用表達式db$0-99, 表示指定0-99這100個數據庫; dataHost 節點中各屬性說明: name:物理主機節點名稱; maxCon:指定物理主機服務最大支持1000個鏈接; minCon:指定物理主機服務最小保持10個鏈接; writeType:指定寫入類型; 0,只在writeHost節點寫入; 1,在全部節點都寫入。慎重開啓,多節點寫入順序爲默認寫入根據配置順序,第一個掛掉切換另外一個; dbType:指定數據庫類型; dbDriver:指定數據庫驅動; balance:指定物理主機服務的負載模式。 0,不開啓讀寫分離機制; 1,所有的readHost與stand by writeHost參與select語句的負載均衡,簡單的說,當雙主雙從模式(M1->S1,M2->S2,而且M1與 M2互爲主備),正常狀況下,M2,S1,S2都參與select語句的負載均衡; 2,全部的readHost與writeHost都參與select語句的負載均衡,也就是說,當系統的寫操做壓力不大的狀況下,全部主機均可以承擔負載均衡; --> <dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- 能夠配置多個主從 --> <writeHost host="hostM1" url="10.223.138.154:3316" user="root" password="123"> <!-- 能夠配置多個從庫 --> <readHost host="hostS1" url="10.223.138.154:3317" user="root" password="123" /> </writeHost> </dataHost> <dataHost name="localhost2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- 能夠配置多個主從 --> <writeHost host="hostM2" url="10.223.138.154:3318" user="root" password="123"> <!-- 能夠配置多個從庫 --> <readHost host="hostS2" url="10.223.138.154:3319" user="root" password="123" /> </writeHost> </dataHost> </mycat:schema>
這個配置好了以後配置server.xml
vi server.xml #只要注意以下部分便可,其餘的不要動 <user name="root"> <property name="password">mysql</property> <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property> <!-- 表級 DML 權限設置 --> <!-- <privileges check="false"> <schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" > <table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table> <table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table> </schema> </privileges> --> </user>
這個是比較容易配置的,只要改下password就能夠,另外要保證 <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>這個標籤裏的要和schema.xml的schema標籤的name一致
cd ../bin
./mycat start #開啓mycat
6、鏈接mycatweb和mycat
訪問地址:10.223.138.154:8082/mycat/
頁面如圖所示,而後配置mycat:
而後就能夠本身試試mycat-web的豐富功能了。
期間踩了無數的坑,遇到了無數個報錯,要是有朋友耐心看到這裏仍有錯誤解決不了,能夠聯繫個人QQ:343552378,你們一塊兒研究。