React全家桶構建一款Web音樂App實戰(二):字體圖標製做及頁面路由搭建

上一節使用create-react-app腳手架搭建了基本項目骨架,這一節繼續製做項目須要的字體圖標和頁面主路由的搭建css

字體圖標製做

爲何要使用字體圖標?html

  1. 圖標放大或縮小不會被拉伸,會保持足夠的清晰度
  2. 顏色能夠隨意設置。若是使用普通圖片,圖片顏色已是設計好的,若是要換顏色須要藉助工具來對圖片進行修改

製做字體圖片首先咱們須要svg圖片。svg圖片能夠從iconfont阿里矢量圖標庫自行選擇。筆者已經下載了項目須要的svg圖片react

藉助一個叫iconmoon的網站。瀏覽器地址上輸入:icomoon.io/appgit

點擊上方的Import Icons按鈕彈出選擇對話框,選擇剛剛下載的svg圖片github

點擊打開web

而後選中全部的圖標,點擊Generate Fontcanvas

跳轉到以下界面,點擊download瀏覽器

下載後面的壓縮包以下

該壓縮包包含了字體圖片使用的demo,和生成的字體圖標文件及相關樣式。在項目src目錄下面新建一個assets目錄而後再新建一個stylus目錄用來放置styl文件,解壓壓縮包把裏面的style.cssfonts文件夾複製出來放置到stylus目錄下。ruby

對fonts目錄下的文件和style.css稍作修改bash

將fonts下面的文件名都重命名爲icomusic,將style.css重命名爲font.styl。而後打開icomusic將裏面的花括號和分號去掉變成標準的styl語法格式,把裏面的iconmoon所有替換爲icomusic

font.styl

@font-face
  font-family: 'icomusic'
  src:  url('fonts/icomusic.eot?nnepb1')
  src:  url('fonts/icomusic.eot?nnepb1#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
    url('fonts/icomusic.ttf?nnepb1') format('truetype'),
    url('fonts/icomusic.woff?nnepb1') format('woff'),
    url('fonts/icomusic.svg?nnepb1#icomusic') format('svg')
  font-weight: normal
  font-style: normal


[class^="icon-"], [class*=" icon-"]
  /* use !important to prevent issues with browser extensions that change fonts */
  font-family: 'icomusic' !important
  speak: none
  font-style: normal
  font-weight: normal
  font-variant: normal
  text-transform: none
  line-height: 1

  /* Better Font Rendering =========== */
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale


.icon-back:before
  content: "\e900"

.icon-delete:before
  content: "\e901"

.icon-fe-music:before
  content: "\e902"

.icon-list-play:before
  content: "\e903"

.icon-music:before
  content: "\e904"

.icon-next:before
  content: "\e905"

.icon-pause:before
  content: "\e906"

.icon-play:before
  content: "\e907"

.icon-play-list:before
  content: "\e908"

.icon-previous:before
  content: "\e909"

.icon-search:before
  content: "\e90a"

.icon-shuffle-play:before
  content: "\e90b"

.icon-single-play:before
  content: "\e90c"

.icon-user:before
  content: "\e90d"

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修改後的文件結構以下

頁面路由搭建

準備

先對項目結構作一些修改

刪除App.test.jslogo.svg。在src目錄下面新建一個components目錄,將App.jsApp.styl放置在components目錄下面,將App.styl中的內容所有刪除,而後刪除App.js中render函數中的div標籤下面的內容

App.js

//import React, { Component } from 'react';
import React from 'react';
//import logo from './logo.svg'; 刪除此行
import './App.styl';

class App extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return (
      //<div className="App">
      <div className="app">
        //<header className="App-header">
        //  <img src={logo} className="App-logo" alt="logo" />
        //  <h1 className="App-title">Welcome to React</h1>
        //</header>
        //<p className="App-intro">
        //  To get started, edit <code>src/App.js</code> and save to reload.
        //</p>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

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Index.js

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import './index.css';
//import App from './App';
import App from './components/App';
import registerServiceWorker from './registerServiceWorker';

ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'));
registerServiceWorker();
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修改index.css文件,將htmlbodydiv#root寬高都設置爲100%,在body上設置根字體和字體大小

index.css

html, body, #root {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}
body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
}
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最後在stylus目錄下新增reset.styl文件

reset.styl

/* http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/ 
   v2.0 | 20110126
   License: none (public domain)
*/

html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe,
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code,
del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,
small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var,
b, u, i, center,
dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
fieldset, form, label, legend,
table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td,
article, aside, canvas, details, embed, 
figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup, 
menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary,
time, mark, audio, video
	margin: 0
	padding: 0
	border: 0
	vertical-align: baseline

/* HTML5 display-role reset for older browsers */
article, aside, details, figcaption, figure, 
footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section
	display: block

body
	line-height: 1

ol, ul
	list-style: none

blockquote, q
	quotes: none

blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
q:before, q:after
	content: ''
	content: none

table
	border-collapse: collapse
	border-spacing: 0

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修改後的目錄結構以下

搭建路由

咱們先來看一下頁面結構

推薦頁

排行榜

搜索

這三個頁面是一個Tab選項卡模式頂部是Logo,三個Tab按鈕中間是Tab對應的視圖,Logo和Tab按鈕是不變的,因此這裏中間就設計成一個路由的視圖界面,三個Tab對應三個路由

編寫Logo及Tab樣式 在assets目錄下面新建一個imgs文件夾用來存放圖片,這裏放了三張圖片,其中一張就是頭部Logo圖片,其它兩張後面會用到

App.js

import React from 'react';
import logo from "../assets/imgs/logo.png"
import '../assets/stylus/reset.styl'
import './App.styl';

class App extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div className="app">
        <header className="app-header">
          <img src={logo} className="app-logo" alt="logo" />
          <h1 className="app-title">Mango Music</h1>
        </header>
        <div className="music-tab">
          <div className="tab-item selected">
              <span>推薦</span>
          </div>
          <div className="tab-item">
              <span>排行榜</span>
          </div>
          <div className="tab-item">
              <span>搜索</span>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;
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App.styl

.app
  width: 100%
  height: 100%
  color: #DDDDDD
  background-color: #212121
  .app-header
    height: 55px
    line-height: 55px
    color: #FFD700
    text-align: center
    .app-logo
      width: 30px
      height: 25px
      margin-top: -5px
      vertical-align: middle
    .app-title
      display: inline-block
      height: 55px
      margin-left: 10px
      font-size: 18px
      font-weight: 300
  .music-tab
    display: flex
    height: 30px
    line-height: 30px
    color: #DDDDDD
    text-align: center
    .tab-item
      flex: 1
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三個Tab採用flex佈局,自適應屏幕寬度

編寫推薦頁、排行旁頁、搜索頁三個組件。在components目錄下面新建recommendrankingsearch三個目錄用來存放推薦、排行、搜索頁面相關組件

在recommend目錄下建立Recommend.js和recommend.styl。React約定組件的名字首字母大寫。對應的js文件名和組件同樣大寫(不強制),組件對應一個樣式文件,命名和組件名同樣方便尋找

Recommend.js

import React from "react"
import "./recommend.styl"


class Recommend extends React.Component {
    render() {
        return (
            <div className="music-recommend">
                Recommend
            </div>
        );
    }
}

export default Recommend
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recommend.styl內容暫時爲空

一樣在ranking目錄和search目錄下新建Ranking.js、ranking.styl和Search.js、search.styl

Ranking.js

import React from "react"
import "./ranking.styl"


class Ranking extends React.Component {
    render() {
        return (
            <div className="music-ranking">
                Ranking
            </div>
        );
    }
}

export default Ranking
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Search.js

import React from "react"
import "./search.styl"


class Search extends React.Component {
    render() {
        return (
            <div className="music-search">
                Search
            </div>
        );
    }
}

export default Search
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編寫路由

回到App.js中,import路由相關組件

import {BrowserRouter as Router, Route, Switch, Redirect, NavLink} from "react-router-dom"
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在App組件中導入Recommend、Ranking和Search組件,App的根使用Router包裹,加入一個div包裹Route組件

import Recommend from "./recommend/Recommend"
import Ranking from "./ranking/Ranking"
import Search from "./search/Search"
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<div className="music-view">
     {/*
       Switch組件用來選擇最近的一個路由,不然最後一個沒有指定path的路由也會顯示
       Redirect重定向到列表頁
     */}
     <Switch>
         <Route path="/recommend" component={Recommend} />
         <Route path="/ranking" component={Ranking} />
         <Route path="/search" component={Search} />
         <Redirect from="/" to="/recommend" />
         <Route component={Recommend} />
     </Switch>
</div>
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在app.styl中增長如下樣式填充屏幕剩餘高度

.music-view
    position: fixed
    top: 88px
    left: 0
    bottom: 52px
    width: 100%
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使用NavLink組件包裹Tab,使其具備路由跳轉功能

<div className="tab-item">
    <NavLink to="/recommend" className="nav-link">
        <span>推薦</span>
    </NavLink>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
    <NavLink to="/ranking" className="nav-link">
        <span>排行榜</span>
    </NavLink>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
    <NavLink to="/search" className="nav-link">
        <span>搜索</span>
    </NavLink>
</div>
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設置NavLink組件樣式

.nav-link, .link
  display: block
  color: inherit
  text-decoration: none
  &.active
    color: #FFD700
    border-bottom: 2px solid #FFD700
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NavList組件最後渲染的是一個a標籤,使用以上樣式對其進行美化,在當前NavLink組件被激活的時候會自動添加上active樣式

App.js和app.styl完整代碼以下

App.js

import React from 'react';
import {BrowserRouter as Router, Route, Switch, Redirect, NavLink} from "react-router-dom"
import Recommend from "./recommend/Recommend"
import Ranking from "./ranking/Ranking"
import Search from "./search/Search"

import logo from "../assets/imgs/logo.png"
import '../assets/stylus/reset.styl'
import './App.styl';

class App extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return (
        <Router>
          <div className="app">
            <header className="app-header">
              <img src={logo} className="app-logo" alt="logo" />
              <h1 className="app-title">Mango Music</h1>
            </header>
            <div className="music-tab">
                <div className="tab-item">
                    <NavLink to="/recommend" className="nav-link">
                        <span>推薦</span>
                    </NavLink>
                </div>
                <div className="tab-item">
                    <NavLink to="/ranking" className="nav-link">
                        <span>排行榜</span>
                    </NavLink>
                </div>
                <div className="tab-item">
                    <NavLink to="/search" className="nav-link">
                        <span>搜索</span>
                    </NavLink>
                </div>
            </div>
             <div className="music-view">
                 {/*
                   Switch組件用來選擇最近的一個路由,不然最後一個沒有指定path的路由也會顯示
                   Redirect重定向到列表頁
                 */}
                 <Switch>
                     <Route path="/recommend" component={Recommend} />
                     <Route path="/ranking" component={Ranking} />
                     <Route path="/search" component={Search} />
                     <Redirect from="/" to="/recommend" />
                     <Route component={Recommend} />
                 </Switch>
            </div>
          </div>
        </Router>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

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app.styl

.app
  width: 100%
  height: 100%
  color: #DDDDDD
  background-color: #212121
  .app-header
    height: 55px
    line-height: 55px
    color: #FFD700
    text-align: center
    .app-logo
      width: 30px
      height: 25px
      margin-top: -5px
      vertical-align: middle
    .app-title
      display: inline-block
      height: 55px
      margin-left: 10px
      font-size: 18px
      font-weight: 300
  .music-tab
    display: flex
    height: 30px
    line-height: 30px
    color: #DDDDDD
    text-align: center
    .tab-item
      flex: 1
  .music-view
    position: fixed
    top: 88px
    left: 0
    bottom: 52px
    width: 100%

.nav-link, .link
  display: block
  color: inherit
  text-decoration: none
  &.active
    color: #FFD700
    border-bottom: 2px solid #FFD700
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總結

在本章節講解了如何製做字體圖標,根據頁面設計基本路由結構

後續更新中...

完整項目地址:github.com/code-mcx/ma…

本章節代碼在chapter2分支

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