SqlServer基礎語句練習（一）

      學了很多東西，感受本身的sql語句仍是很很差，從基礎學起吧。

    來一段sql腳本：

create database tongji
go
use tongji
go
create table student
(
Sno varchar(20) not null primary key ,--學號
Sname varchar(20) not null,--學生姓名
Ssex varchar(20) not null, --學生性別
Sbirthday datetime,--學生出生年月
Class varchar(20)--學生所在班級
)
go
create table teacher--老師
(
Tno varchar(20) not null primary key ,--教工編號（主碼）
Tname varchar(20) not null,--教工姓名
Tsex varchar(20) not null, --教工性別
Tbirthday datetime,--教工出生年月
Prof varchar(20),--職稱
Depart varchar(20) not null--教工所在部門
)
go
create table Course--課程
(
Cno varchar(20) not null primary key ,--課程號
Cname varchar(20) not null,--課程名稱
Tno varchar(20) not null references teacher(Tno), --教工編號（外碼）
)
go
create table Score--分數
(

Sno varchar(20) not null references student(Sno), --學號（外碼）
Cno varchar(20) not null references Course(Cno), --課程號（外碼）
primary key(Sno,Cno),
Degree Decimal(4,1),--成績

)

 

開始寫練習sql語句：

-- 1.查詢Student表中的全部記錄的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
SELECT Sname,Ssex,Class FROM student
--2.查詢教師全部的單位即不重複的Depart列。
SELECT DISTINCT depart FROM teacher
--3.查詢Score表中成績在60到80之間的全部記錄。
SELECT * FROM Score WHERE degree BETWEEN 60 AND 80

--4.查詢Score表中成績爲85，86或88的記錄。
select * from Score where degree in(85,86,88)

--5.查詢Student表中「95031」班或性別爲「女」的同窗記錄。
select * from student where [class]	='95031' and Ssex='女'
--6.以Class降序查詢Student表的全部記錄。
select * from student order by class desc
--7.以Cno升序、Degree降序查詢Score表的全部記錄。
select * from Score order by cno,degree desc

--8.查詢「95031」班的學生人數。
select COUNT(*) from student where Class='95031'

--9. 查詢Score表中的最高分的學生學號和課程號。（子查詢或者排序）
select Sno,Cno from Score where degree=(select MAX(degree) from score)

--10.查詢每門課的平均成績。
select cno,AVG(degree) from Score group by Cno

--11.查詢Score表中至少有5名學生選修的並以3開頭的課程的平均分數。
select AVG(degree) from Score where cno like'3%' group by Cno having  COUNT(*)>=5
select Avg(degree) from Score group by Cno having COUNT(*)>=5 and Cno like'3%'

--12.查詢分數大於70，小於90的Sno列。
select sno from Score where degree>70 and DEGREE<90

--13.查詢全部學生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
select sname,cno,degree from score join student on score.sno = student.sno

--14.查詢全部學生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
select sno,cname,degree from score join course on score.cno=course.cno

--15.查詢全部學生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
select sname,cname,degree from score join student on student.sno=score.sno join course on score.cno = course.cno
select sname,cname,degree from score,student,course where student.sno=score.sno and score.cno = course.cno--16查詢「95033」班學生的平均分。select AVG(degree) from Score where Sno in(select Sno from student where Class='95033')-- 17.查詢選修「3-105」課程的成績高於「109」號同窗成績的全部同窗的記錄。select * from Score where Cno='3-105' and DEGREE>(select DEGREE from Score where Sno='109' and Sno='3-105')select * from Score where Cno='3-105' and DEGREE>(select MAX(DEGREE) from Score where Sno='109')  --18.查詢score中選學多門課程的同窗中分數爲非最高分紅績的記錄。 select * from Score a where Sno in (select Sno from Score group by Sno having COUNT(*)>1) and DEGREE <(select MAX(DEGREE) from Score b where b.Cno=a.Cno)  --19查詢成績高於學號爲「109」、課程號爲「3-105」的成績的全部記錄。  select * from Score where DEGREE>(select DEGREE from Score where Sno='109' and Sno='3-105') --20 查詢和學號爲108的同窗同年出生的全部學生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。  select * from student where YEAR(Sbirthday) =(select YEAR(Sbirthday) from student where Sno='108')--21. 查詢「張旭「教師任課的學生成績。  select * from Score where cno in (select cno from Course where Tno in(select Tno from teacher where Tname='張旭'))--22.詢選修某課程的同窗人數多於5人的教師姓名。  select tname from teacher where Tno in(select Tno from Course where Cno in(select Cno from Score group by Cno having COUNT(*)>=5))--23.查詢95033班和95031班全體學生的記錄。  select * from student where Class in(95033,95031)--24.查詢存在有85分以上成績的課程Cno.select distinct cno from score where degree>85-25查詢出「計算機系「教師所教課程的成績表。select * from Score where Cno in(select Cno from Course where Tno in(select Tno from teacher where Depart='計算機系'))--26.--查詢「計算機系」與「電子工程系「不一樣職稱的教師的Tname和Prof。 select tname,prof from teacher where depart='計算機系' and prof not in(select prof from teacher where depart='電子工程系')unionselect  tname,prof from teacher where Depart='電子工程系' and Prof not in(select Prof from teacher where Depart='計算機系')select tname,Prof from teacher a where Prof not in(select Prof from teacher b where b.Depart!=a.Depart)--27.查詢選修編號爲「3-105「課程且成績至少高於選修編號爲「3-245」的同窗的Cno、Sno和Degree,並按Degree從高到低次序排序。--sqlserver 中 修改比較運算符：All 、Any、Some  其中Some 和Any 等價  做用於比較運算符和子查詢之間 (https://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms187074(SQL.90).aspx)select * from Score where Cno='3-105' and DEGREE>any(select DEGREE from Score where Cno='3-245')----2八、查詢選修編號爲「3-105」且成績高於選修編號爲「3-245」課程的同窗的Cno、Sno和Degree.select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>any(select degree from score where cno='3-245')--2九、 查詢全部教師和同窗的name、sex和birthday.select sname,ssex,sbirthday from studentunionselect tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher--30、查詢全部「女」教師和「女」同窗的name、sex和birthday.select sname,ssex,sbirthday from student where ssex='女'unionselect tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher where tsex='女'--3一、 查詢成績比該課程平均成績低的同窗的成績表。select * from score a where degree<(select avg(degree) from score b where b.cno=a.cno)--3二、 查詢全部任課教師的Tname和Depart.select tname,depart from teacher where tno in(select tno from course where cno in (select distinct cno from score))--33 、 查詢全部未講課的教師的Tname和Depart.select tname,depart from teacher where tno not in(select tno from course where cno in (select distinct cno from score))--3四、查詢至少有2名男生的班號。select class from student where ssex='男' group by class having count(*) >1--3五、查詢Student表中不姓「王」的同窗記錄。select * from student where sname not like '王%'--3六、查詢Student表中每一個學生的姓名和年齡。 YEAR(GETDATE())-YEAR(Sbirthday) 表示你的年齡select sname,YEAR(getdate())-YEAR(sbirthday) from student--3七、查詢Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。select max(sbirthday),min(sbirthday) from student--3八、以班號和年齡從大到小的順序查詢Student表中的所有記錄。select * from student order by class desc,sbirthday asc--3九、查詢「男」教師及其所上的課程。elect cname from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where tsex='男')select tname,cname from course,teacher where course.tno = teacher.tno and teacher.tsex='男'--40、查詢最高分同窗的Sno、Cno和Degree列。select * from score where degree = (select max(degree) from score)select top 1 * from score order by degree desc--4一、查詢和「李軍」同性別的全部同窗的Sname.select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李軍')--4二、查詢和「李軍」同性別並同班的同窗Sname.select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李軍') and class = (select class from student where sname='李軍')--4三、查詢全部選修「計算機導論」課程的「男」同窗的成績表。select * from score where sno in(select sno from student where ssex='男') and cno in(select cno from course where cname='計算機導論')