MySql經常使用操做(mysql用戶管理、經常使用sql語句、mysql數據庫備份恢復)

mysql用戶管理

建立用戶並賦予權限

grant all on *.* to 'user1' identified by '123456a'; #建立user1密碼爲123456a，權限爲all
grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'localhost' identified by '123456a'; #此處與上面命令的區別是設置了登陸來源ip
grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'%' identified by '123456a'; #此設置了登陸來源ip爲全部

刷新以後才能生效

flush privileges;

查看權限

show grants;

運行效果以下所示

mysql> show grants;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user1@localhost                                                                                            |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user1'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*B012E8731FF1DF44F3D8B26837708985278C3CED' |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

查看指定用戶的權限

show grants for user1@'127.0.0.1';

經常使用sql語句

# 查詢
select count(*) from mysql.user;
select * from mysql.db;
select db from mysql.db;
select db,user from mysql.db;
select * from mysql.db where host like '192.168.%'; #模糊查詢
# 插入
insert into db1.t1 values (1, 'abc');
# 更新
update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;
# 清空表
truncate table db1.t1;
# 刪除
drop table db1.t1;
drop database db1;

MySQL數據庫備份恢復

1.備份庫文件

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 mysql > /tmp/mysql_bak.sql

2.建立數據庫mysql2而且將步驟1的備份文件恢復到mysql2

• 建立測試庫mysql2

  mysql -uroot -pmysql123 -e "create database mysql2";

• 恢復到mysql2

  mysql -uroot -pmysql123 mysql2 < /tmp/mysql_bak.sql

查看是否恢復成功

1.進入指定的數據庫

mysql -uroot -pmysql123 mysql2

2.查詢當前所在數據庫

mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql2     |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.查看錶

show tables;

3.備份表

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 mysql user > /tmp/user_bak.sql

4.恢復表

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 mysql2 user < /tmp/user_bak.sql

5.備份全部庫

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 -A > /tmp/user_all.sql

6.只備份指定數據庫的全部表結構（至關於複製建立表語句）

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 -d mysql2 > /tmp/mysql2_table.sql

拓展

SQL語句教程 http://www.runoob.com/sql/sql-tutorial.html
什麼是事務？事務的特性有哪些？ http://blog.csdn.net/yenange/article/details/7556094
根據binlog恢復指定時間段的數據 http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-mfppegny-r.html
相關擴展 https://blog.csdn.net/linuxheik/article/details/71480882
mysql字符集調整 http://xjsunjie.blog.51cto.com/999372/1355013
使用xtrabackup備份innodb引擎的數據庫 innobackupex 備份 Xtrabackup 增量備份 http://zhangguangzhi.top/2017/08/23/innobackex%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BDmysql%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE/#%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8Dmysql