路由器簡單配置實例

 

路由器簡單配置實例

 

以下圖所示，主機0和主機1要經過路由器0和路由器1實現互相通訊，那麼咱們要進行什麼樣的設置呢？

實驗前：

首先，咱們須要配置路由器0（設定路由器0/0接口的IP地址爲192.168.1.1，接口0/1的IP地址爲192.168.2.1，子網掩碼均爲255.255.255.0），配置代碼以下：

第一步：配置路由器接口0/0的IP地址，子網掩碼。

Router>enable /*從用戶模式進入特權模式*/

Router#config terminal /*從特權模式進入全局模式*/

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0  /*從全局模式進入接口模式，並指定對接口0/0進行配置*/

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 /*在指定接口的接口模式下，對接口0/0設置IP地址，子網掩碼 */

Router(config-if)#no shutdown /*開啓路由器的指定接口*/

第二步，配置路由器接口0/1的IP地址，子網掩碼。

Router#config terminal /*從特權模式進入全局模式*/

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1  /*從全局模式進入接口模式，並指定對接口0/1進行配置*/

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 /*在指定接口的接口模式下，對接口0/1設置IP地址，子網掩碼 */

Router(config-if)#no shutdown /*開啓路由器的指定接口*/  

第三步，配置主機0的IP地址，子網掩碼，網關（192.168.1.2，255.255.255.0，192.168.1.1）。

再次，咱們須要配置路由器1（設定路由器0/0接口的IP地址爲192.168.3.1，接口0/1的IP地址爲192.168.2.2，子網掩碼均爲255.255.255.0），配置代碼以下：

第一步：配置路由器接口0/0的IP地址，子網掩碼。

Router>enable  /*從用戶模式進入特權模式*/

Router#config terminal  /*從特權模式進入全局模式*/

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0 /*從全局模式進入接口模式，並指定對接口0/0進行配置*/

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 /*在指定接口的接口模式下，對接口0/0設置IP地址，子網掩碼 */

Router(config-if)#no shutdown  /*開啓路由器的指定接口*/

第二步，配置路由器接口0/1的IP地址，子網掩碼。

Router(config-if)#exit /*從上一指定接口模式下退出，進入下一指定接口的接口模式 */

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1 /*從全局模式進入接口模式，並指定對接口0/1進行配置*/

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0  /*在指定接口的接口模式下，對接口0/1設置IP地址，子網掩碼 */

Router(config-if)#no shutdown /*開啓路由器的指定接口*/

第三步，配置主機1的IP地址，子網掩碼，網關（192.168.3.2，255.255.255.0，192.168.3.1）。

而後，咱們須要設置路由器0和路由器1的靜態路由和下一跳地址。

第一步，設置路由器0的靜態路由和下一跳地址。

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0 /*從全局模式進入接口模式，並指定對接口0/0進行配置*/

Router(config-if)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 /*設定路由器0的目標地址和子網掩碼以及其下一跳地址*/

第二步，設置路由器1的靜態路由和下一跳地址。

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0 /*從全局模式進入接口模式，並指定對接口0/0進行配置*/

Router(config-if)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1  /*設定路由器0的目標地址和子網掩碼以及其下一跳地址*/  

最後，進行測試，主機0和主機1是否能正常通訊呢。

第一步，先從主機0開始，代碼以下：

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0

PC>ping 127.0.0.1  /*ping下主機0的TCP/IP是否安裝正確*/  

Pinging 127.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=128

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 127.0.0.1:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), /*今後處能夠看出丟包率是0，說明ping通了，主機0的TCP/IP安裝正確*/

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 10ms, Average = 5ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.2  /*ping下主機0的IP,子網掩碼是否設置正確*/

Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128

Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128

Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=128

Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), /*今後處能夠看出丟包率是0，說明ping通了，主機0的IP,子網掩碼設置正確*/

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 10ms, Average = 7ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.1  /*ping下路由器接口0/0的IP,子網掩碼是否設置正確*/

Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=40ms TTL=255

Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=255

Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=255

Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=255

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), /*今後處能夠看出丟包率是0，說明ping通了，路由器的接口0/0設置正確*/

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 20ms, Maximum = 40ms, Average = 25ms

PC>ping 192.168.2.1 /*ping下路由器0接口0/1的IP,子網掩碼是否設置正確*/

Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=255

Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=255

Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=255

Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=255  

Ping statistics for 192.168.2.1:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), /*今後處能夠看出丟包率是0，說明ping通了，路由器0的接口0/1設置正確*/

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 20ms, Maximum = 20ms, Average = 20ms

PC>ping 192.168.2.2 /*ping下路由器1接口0/1的IP,子網掩碼是否設置正確*/

Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=40ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=40ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=40ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=40ms TTL=254

Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), /*今後處能夠看出丟包率是0，說明ping通了，路由器1的接口0/1設置正確*/

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 40ms, Maximum = 40ms, Average = 40ms

PC>ping 192.168.3.1  /*ping下路由器1接口0/0的IP,子網掩碼是否設置正確*/

Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=40ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=30ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=40ms TTL=254

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=254

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), /*今後處能夠看出丟包率是0，說明ping通了，路由器1的接口0/1設置正確*/

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 30ms, Maximum = 40ms, Average = 35ms

PC>ping 192.168.3.2 /*ping下主機1的IP,子網掩碼是否設置正確*/  

Pinging 192.168.3.2 with 32 bytes of data:  

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.2:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), /*今後處能夠看出丟包率是0，說明ping通了，主機設置正確*/

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 60ms, Maximum = 60ms, Average = 60ms

第二步，主機1到主機0。/*解釋說明和主機0到主機1是同樣的，下面就不在詳細闡述了，請諒解！*/

 實驗後:

路由器0：經過「show ip route」命令來查看路由表。

Router>show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2

路由器1：經過「show ip route」命令來查看路由表。

Router>

Router>show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

       P - periodic downloaded static route  

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0