程序員的自我救贖---12.2.3：虛擬幣交易平臺（區塊鏈）下【C#與以太坊通信】

時間 2019-11-13

標籤程序員自我救贖 12.2.3 虛擬交易平臺區塊 C#與以太坊通信欄目快樂工作简体版

原文原文鏈接

《前言》html

（一） Winner2.0 框架基礎分析前端

（九）會員中心瀏覽器

（十一）Winner前端框架與RPC接口規範講解

（十二）上層應用案例

（十三）總結

虛擬幣交易平臺（區塊鏈）下【C#與以太坊通信】

這一篇，也是區塊鏈代幣交易平臺的最後一篇博客。因此內容都是基於前面兩篇博客的，沒有看過前面兩篇的建議先過一遍。

12.2.1 ：虛擬幣交易平臺（區塊鏈）上【發行區塊鏈代幣】

12.2.2：虛擬幣交易平臺（區塊鏈）中【開發交易所】

說會到終點，咱們仍是接着代幣交易平臺的前提往前講。前面咱們講述瞭如何基於以太坊發行區塊鏈代幣以及如何開發一個代幣交易平臺。

可是關鍵點是這代幣和交易平臺如何對接？

咱們知道既然在交易平臺交易，關於區塊鏈代幣的操做就至少有三種：

1，經過交易所建立用戶代幣錢包。（註冊）

2，客戶從錢包客戶端轉入代幣到交易所。（充值）

3，從交易所將代幣轉出到錢包客戶端。（提幣）

其餘的操做就是交易所（Web）作的事情，基本就不涉及和區塊鏈之間的交互。今天咱們仍是以以太坊的測試環境Rinkeby爲例。

咱們先打開Geth客戶端，加載Rinkeby的創始區塊，並啓動控制檯。

geth --datadir=$HOME/.rinkeby init rinkeby.json

因爲，我前面兩篇博客是用另一臺電腦寫的，那臺電腦geth安裝是在C盤。如今這臺電腦C盤空間不是很夠因此安裝在D盤，這裏咱們只要cd定位一下就行。

再來咱們啓動以太坊的控制檯Console。

geth --networkid=4 --datadir=$HOME/.rinkeby --syncmode=light  --bootnodes=enode://a24ac7c5484ef4ed0c5eb2d36620ba4e4aa13b8c84684e1b4aab0cebea2ae45cb4d375b77eab56516d34bfbd3c1a833fc51296ff084b770b94fb9028c4d25ccf@52.169.42.101:30303 --identity "NearEth" --rpc --rpccorsdomain "*" --rpcapi "db,eth,net,web3,personal" console

這裏跟【發行區塊鏈代幣】那篇文章中的「同步區塊」命令略有一點不一樣。

首先，我用的是Light node（輕節點），輕節點相比Archive node（歸檔節點）去掉了歷史日誌。因此同步區塊的速度會快不少，前面的操做如何一直用的是歸檔節點就繼續用歸檔節點。https://www.rinkeby.io/#geth

其次，我加入了--rpc ，--rpccorsdomain , --rpcapi 。這個是設置容許經過RCP接口訪問，設置能夠有哪些訪問權限。這裏還能夠設置訪問的端口，沒設置的話默認是：8545。參考：http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-hwiogiri-gu.html

最後，console命令。進入控制檯。

下面咱們作四個最基本的命令，順便也回顧一下geth的操做命令（如何不知道有哪些命令的話就直接打eth 或者 personal 看他的API文檔）：

1，建立錢包：personal.newAccount('123456') //參數爲錢包客戶端密碼

2，查詢餘額：eth.getBalance("0x820858f59bc885dcc088349e0ed8dcab6bfbf948") //參數爲建立的客戶端錢包地址

3，解鎖錢包：personal.unlockAccount("0x820858f59bc885dcc088349e0ed8dcab6bfbf948","123456") //參數1：錢包地址；參數2：錢包密碼。錢包默認狀態是加鎖了。要轉帳的話須要先解鎖。

4，錢包轉帳：eth.sendTransaction({from:"0x820858f59bc885dcc088349e0ed8dcab6bfbf948",to:"0xcbe33208f86166a1c1cb52a3105a0a36b20c35a5",value:web3.toWei(0.3,"ether")}) //參數：json數據:from ,to,value

(這裏要說明以太幣有不少單位可參考：https://www.jianshu.com/p/b56552b1d1a0 )

建立錢包，查詢餘額，解鎖錢包都是立馬能夠看到的，轉帳須要等待12個區塊確認後才能成功，轉帳操做完成以後會給一個區塊地址，這個區塊地址能夠直接上區塊瀏覽器去查詢交易。

https://www.rinkeby.io/#explorer

這裏四個基本的操做要多嘗試幾回熟練一下！

======================================華麗的分割線================================================

下面我用C# 來作以上4個命令的操做，其實也挺簡單的。以太坊是專門有提供各個編程語言的解決方案，用的最多的應該是JavaScript。這裏感興趣的自行去百度一下，咱們重點說C#。

先來咱們看到以太坊的官網：http://www.ethdocs.org/en/latest/connecting-to-clients/nethereum/index.html 。

官網是直接有提供SDK的，並且代碼是託管在GitHub的，我能夠直接訪問Github看到Nethereum： https://github.com/Nethereum/Nethereum

直接用NuGet去添加程序集：

PM > Install-Package Nethereum.Web3



接下來咱們建立一個Winform程序，而後添加Nethereum。

調用代碼仍是比較簡單的，我直接貼一下代碼，一會將項目github。

using Nethereum.Hex.HexTypes;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace EthClient
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {

        static string rpcUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8545";

        Nethereum.Web3.Web3 web3 = new Nethereum.Web3.Web3(rpcUrl);
     
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }


        private async void btn_queryAllAccount_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            
            var accounts = await web3.Eth.Accounts.SendRequestAsync();
            var acclist = accounts.ToList();
            for (int i = 0; i < acclist.Count; i++)
            {
                this.tb_logList.Text += "帳戶" + i + ":" + acclist[i] + "\r\n";
            }
        }

        private async void btn_newAccount_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string pwd = this.tb_Pwd.Text.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(pwd))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("密碼不能爲空");
                return;
            }
            var createAccount = await web3.Personal.NewAccount.SendRequestAsync(pwd);
            this.tb_logList.Text =  createAccount;
        }

        private async void btn_BlanceOf_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string accountAddress = this.tb_address.Text.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(accountAddress))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("不能爲空");
                return;
            }

            var value= await web3.Eth.GetBalance.SendRequestAsync(accountAddress);
            this.tb_logList.Text = value.Value.ToString();
        }

        private async void btn_unlock_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string accountAddress = this.tb_lockAccount.Text.Trim();
            string unLockPwd = this.tb_unlockPwd.Text;

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(accountAddress) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(unLockPwd))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("不能爲空");
                return;
            }

            try
            {
                var res = await web3.Personal.UnlockAccount.SendRequestAsync(accountAddress, unLockPwd, 1500);
                this.tb_logList.Text = res.ToString();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                this.tb_logList.Text ="密碼錯誤！";
            }
        }

        private async void btn_sendTransfer_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string AccountFrom = this.tb_from.Text.Trim();
            string AccountTo = this.tb_to.Text;


            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(AccountFrom) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(AccountTo))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("不能爲空");
                return;
            }

           string AccountPwd=  InputBox.ShowInputBox("請輸入密碼！");

            bool unlockres = false;
            try
            {
                unlockres = await web3.Personal.UnlockAccount.SendRequestAsync(AccountFrom, AccountPwd, 1500);
                
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                this.tb_logList.Text = "錢包密碼錯誤！";
                return;
            }
               
            if (!unlockres)
            {
                this.tb_logList.Text = "錢包密碼錯誤！";
                return;
            }

           

            Nethereum.RPC.Eth.DTOs.TransactionInput input = new Nethereum.RPC.Eth.DTOs.TransactionInput();
            input.From = AccountFrom;
            input.To = AccountTo;

            HexBigInteger gas = new HexBigInteger(2100000);   //設置轉帳小號的gas
            input.Gas = gas;

            HexBigInteger price = new HexBigInteger(13000000000000000); //單位：wei
            input.Value =  price;

            var Block = await web3.Eth.Transactions.SendTransaction.SendRequestAsync(input);

            this.tb_logList.Text = Block;

        }
    }
}

View Code

這裏我直接提供一下GitHub下載地址： https://github.com/demon28/Nethereum

===================================================華麗的分割線======================================

以上講述瞭如何經過Nethereum的SDK讓C# 這門語言去操做geth。那麼接下來問題來了，上面的操做是操做ETH的，也就是以太幣。

那麼咱們本身發現的代幣如何操做？

首先，若是對於使用以太坊發行區塊鏈代幣不清楚如何操做的能夠先看一遍【發行區塊鏈代幣】。

接下來，咱們基於咱們本身發行的一個NearCoin來進行操做。

咱們來學習一個新知識「ABI」，什麼是ABI？發行代幣也就是部署一個智能合約，簡單來講ABI就是智能合約的API接口。咱們能夠在這裏找他到：

有了它就能夠和本身發行的代幣通信了。這裏不囉嗦直接貼代碼，一目瞭然：

using Nethereum.Hex.HexTypes;
using Nethereum.Web3;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace NearCoinClient
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {

        readonly static string rpcUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8545";

        readonly static string abi = @"[ { ""constant"": true, ""inputs"": [], ""name"": ""name"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""string"", ""value"": ""NearCoin"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""view"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": ""_spender"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""name"": ""_value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" } ], ""name"": ""approve"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": ""success"", ""type"": ""bool"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""nonpayable"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": true, ""inputs"": [], ""name"": ""totalSupply"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""uint256"", ""value"": ""100000000000000000"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""view"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": ""_from"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""name"": ""_to"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""name"": ""_value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" } ], ""name"": ""transferFrom"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": ""success"", ""type"": ""bool"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""nonpayable"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": true, ""inputs"": [], ""name"": ""decimals"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""uint8"", ""value"": ""10"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""view"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": ""_value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" } ], ""name"": ""burn"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": ""success"", ""type"": ""bool"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""nonpayable"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": true, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""address"" } ], ""name"": ""balanceOf"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""uint256"", ""value"": ""0"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""view"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": ""_from"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""name"": ""_value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" } ], ""name"": ""burnFrom"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": ""success"", ""type"": ""bool"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""nonpayable"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": true, ""inputs"": [], ""name"": ""symbol"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""string"", ""value"": ""NC"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""view"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": ""_to"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""name"": ""_value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" } ], ""name"": ""transfer"", ""outputs"": [], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""nonpayable"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": ""_spender"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""name"": ""_value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" }, { ""name"": ""_extraData"", ""type"": ""bytes"" } ], ""name"": ""approveAndCall"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": ""success"", ""type"": ""bool"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""nonpayable"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""constant"": true, ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""address"" } ], ""name"": ""allowance"", ""outputs"": [ { ""name"": """", ""type"": ""uint256"", ""value"": ""0"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""view"", ""type"": ""function"" }, { ""inputs"": [ { ""name"": ""initialSupply"", ""type"": ""uint256"", ""index"": 0, ""typeShort"": ""uint"", ""bits"": ""256"", ""displayName"": ""initial Supply"", ""template"": ""elements_input_uint"", ""value"": ""10000000"" }, { ""name"": ""tokenName"", ""type"": ""string"", ""index"": 1, ""typeShort"": ""string"", ""bits"": """", ""displayName"": ""token Name"", ""template"": ""elements_input_string"", ""value"": ""NearCoin"" }, { ""name"": ""tokenSymbol"", ""type"": ""string"", ""index"": 2, ""typeShort"": ""string"", ""bits"": """", ""displayName"": ""token Symbol"", ""template"": ""elements_input_string"", ""value"": ""NC"" } ], ""payable"": false, ""stateMutability"": ""nonpayable"", ""type"": ""constructor"" }, { ""anonymous"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""indexed"": true, ""name"": ""from"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""indexed"": true, ""name"": ""to"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""indexed"": false, ""name"": ""value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" } ], ""name"": ""Transfer"", ""type"": ""event"" }, { ""anonymous"": false, ""inputs"": [ { ""indexed"": true, ""name"": ""from"", ""type"": ""address"" }, { ""indexed"": false, ""name"": ""value"", ""type"": ""uint256"" } ], ""name"": ""Burn"", ""type"": ""event"" } ]";
        readonly static string contractAddress = "0xB03Aa55003C1a9C235A11B244e437Cbf062fB998";   //智能合約地址

        Nethereum.Web3.Web3 web3 = new Nethereum.Web3.Web3(rpcUrl);

        Nethereum.Contracts.Contract NearCoinContract;

      

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();


            NearCoinContract = web3.Eth.GetContract(abi, contractAddress);

            web3.TransactionManager.DefaultGas = 210000;  //設置默認消耗的gas
        }

        private async void btn_queryAmount_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string accountAddress = this.tb_account.Text.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(accountAddress))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("不能爲空");
                return;
            }

            var getBalance = NearCoinContract.GetFunction("balanceOf");  //方法名爲智能合約中的方法名

            var amount = await  getBalance.CallAsync<Int64>(accountAddress);   //注意單位Gwei

            this.tb_loglist.Text = amount.ToString();
        }

        private async void btn_send_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string acc1 = this.tb_from.Text.Trim();
            string acc2 = this.tb_to.Text.Trim();
            int amount =int.Parse(this.tb_amount.Text.Trim());
            string pwd = this.tb_pwd.Text.Trim();

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(acc1)|| string.IsNullOrEmpty(acc2) || amount<0 || string.IsNullOrEmpty(pwd) )
            {
                MessageBox.Show("不能爲空或金額不能爲0");
                return;
            }


            bool unlockAccountResult;
            try
            {
                 unlockAccountResult = await web3.Personal.UnlockAccount.SendRequestAsync(acc1, pwd, 150);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                this.tb_loglist.Text = "帳戶解鎖失敗！";
                return;
            }


            if (!unlockAccountResult) 
            {
                this.tb_loglist.Text = "帳戶解鎖失敗,或密碼錯誤!";
                return;
            }
         

            var transfer = NearCoinContract.GetFunction("transfer");
            var value = await transfer.SendTransactionAsync(acc1, acc2, Convert.ToString(amount,16)); //金額爲16進制


            this.tb_loglist.Text = value.ToString();

        }
    }
}