【微服務架構】SpringCloud之Feign(五)

Feign簡介

 

Feign 是一個聲明web服務客戶端,這便得編寫web服務客戶端更容易,使用Feign 建立一個接口並對它進行註解,它具備可插拔的註解支持包括Feign註解與JAX-RS註解,Feign還支持可插拔的編碼器與解碼器,Spring Cloud 增長了對 Spring MVC的註解,Spring Web 默認使用了HttpMessageConverters, Spring Cloud 集成 Ribbon 和 Eureka 提供的負載均衡的HTTP客戶端 Feign.java

 

 

聲明式REST客戶端:Feign

 

先要啓動eureka_register_service工程(註冊中心)和biz-service-0工程(服務生產者)web

 

 

建立一個maven工程eureka_feign_clientspring

pom.xmlapp

 

<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>Brixton.SR5</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

 

 

在應用主類中經過@EnableFeignClients註解開啓Feign功能負載均衡

啓動文件FeignApplication.javamaven

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class FeignApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(FeignApplication.class, args);
    }

}

 

定義服務接口類UserClient.javaspring-boot

使用@FeignClient("biz-service-0")註解來綁定該接口對應biz-service-0服務ui

@FeignClient("biz-service-0")
public interface UserClient {

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/getuser")
    public User getuserinfo();
    
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/getuser")
    public String getuserinfostr();
    
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/info")
    public  String  info();

}

 

在web層中調用上面定義的UserController,具體以下編碼

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    UserClient userClient;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/getuserinfo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public User getuserinfo() {
        return userClient.getuserinfo();
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getuserinfostr", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getuserinfostr() {
        return userClient.getuserinfostr();
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/info", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String info() {
        return userClient.info();
    }


}

application.properties配置變量server

 

 

spring.application.name=feign-consumer
server.port=8004
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/

 

 

 

訪問 http://127.0.0.1:8004/getuserinfo

 

 

總結:

其實經過Feign封裝了HTTP調用服務方法,使得客戶端像調用本地方法那樣直接調用方法,相似Dubbo中暴露遠程服務的方式,區別在於Dubbo是基於私有二進制協議,而Feign本質上仍是個HTTP客戶端

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