Linux 壓縮命令與解壓腳本

後綴	工具	壓縮	解壓
.tar	tar	tar cvf FileName.tar DirName	tar xvf FileName.tar
.gz	gzip	gzip FileName	gzip -d FileName.gz
.bz2	bzip2	bzip2 -z FileName	bzip2 -d FileName.bz2
.Z	compress	compress FileName	compress -d FileName.Z
.xz	xz	xz -z FileName	xz -d FileName.xz
.zip	(un)zip	zip FileName.zip DirName	unzip FileName.zip
.rar	rar	rar a FileName.rar DirName	rar x FileName.rar
.lha	lha	lha -a FileName.lha FileName	lha -e FileName.lha
.tar.gz	tar+	tar zcvf FileName.tar.gz DirName	tar zxvf FileName.tar.gz
.tgz	tar+	tar zcvf FileName.tar.gz DirName	tar zxvf FileName.tar.gz
.tar.bz2	tar+	tar jcvf FileName.tar.bz2 DirName	tar jxvf FileName.tar.bz2
.tar.Z	tar+	tar Zcvf FileName.tar.Z DirName	tar Zxvf FileName.tar.Z
.tar.xz	tar+	tar Jcvf FileName.tar.xz DirName	tar Jxvf FileName.tar.xz

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Linux 的解壓命令太繁瑣了，即使是運維老司機也會感到頭痛，這裏我分享一個 Shell 腳本，能夠一鍵解壓如下格式的文件：

.zip, .rar, .bz2, .gz, .tar, .tbz2, .tgz, .Z, .7z, .xz, .exe, .tar.bz2, .tar.gz, .tar.xz, .arj, .cab, .chm, .deb, .dmg, .iso, .lzh, .msi, .rpm, .udf, .wim, .xar .cpio, .cbr, .cbz, .cb7, .cbt, .cba

SAVEIFS=$IFS
IFS=$(echo -en "\n\b")

function extract {
 if [ -z "$1" ]; then
    # display usage if no parameters given
    echo "Usage: extract <path/file_name>.<zip|rar|bz2|gz|tar|tbz2|tgz|Z|7z|xz|ex|tar.bz2|tar.gz|tar.xz>"
    echo "       extract <path/file_name_1.ext> [path/file_name_2.ext] [path/file_name_3.ext]"
 else
    for n in "$@"
    do
      if [ -f "$n" ] ; then
          case "${n%,}" in
            *.cbt|*.tar.bz2|*.tar.gz|*.tar.xz|*.tbz2|*.tgz|*.txz|*.tar) 
                         tar xvf "$n"       ;;
            *.lzma)      unlzma ./"$n"      ;;
            *.bz2)       bunzip2 ./"$n"     ;;
            *.cbr|*.rar)       unrar x -ad ./"$n" ;;
            *.gz)        gunzip ./"$n"      ;;
            *.cbz|*.epub|*.zip)       unzip ./"$n"       ;;
            *.z)         uncompress ./"$n"  ;;
            *.7z|*.arj|*.cab|*.cb7|*.chm|*.deb|*.dmg|*.iso|*.lzh|*.msi|*.pkg|*.rpm|*.udf|*.wim|*.xar)
                         7z x ./"$n"        ;;
            *.xz)        unxz ./"$n"        ;;
            *.exe)       cabextract ./"$n"  ;;
            *.cpio)      cpio -id < ./"$n"  ;;
            *.cba|*.ace)      unace x ./"$n"      ;;
            *)
                         echo "extract: '$n' - unknown archive method"
                         return 1
                         ;;
          esac
      else
          echo "'$n' - file does not exist"
          return 1
      fi
    done
fi
}

IFS=$SAVEIFS

安裝步驟：

1. 編輯 .bashrc 文件：vim ~/.bashrc
2. 複製 Shell 代碼到 .bashrc 文件
3. 啓動 bash shell：source ~/.bashrc

解壓測試：

1. 下載 Python 源碼包：wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
2. 解壓 tar.xz 文件：extract Python-3.7.0.tar.xz