命令行下編譯C++代碼

有人學了三個月沒寫過helloworld;有人不知道編譯器是什麼;有人第一個helloworld編譯一下,數百個ERROR,自信心失去一大半.
學習c++,想試驗一下習題,不知道如何入手,你還在IDE裏面重複新建工程,而後產生一大片垃圾文件嗎.
其實還有另一種編譯方式:
那就是傳說中的記事本加命令行編譯.只要你有U盤,只有裝windows的電腦,就能夠寫代碼了.

一.首先你要有Platform SDK
WIN7 Windows SDKS微軟官方下載頁
1.GRMSDK_EN_DVD.iso        X86(32bit)
2.GRMSDKIAI_EN_DVD.iso    I64(Itanium)
3.GRMSDKX_EN_DVD.iso     AMD64(64bit)

二.安裝完,而後在安裝的根目錄(含有PlatformSDK,lib,include目錄)下新建一個cmd文件內容以下 (以VC8.0爲例)

@echo off            
@prompt $h   
@title NewVS2005SP1-C/C++MODE    
color f5
 
if "#%vc2005dir_defined%"=="#" (set vc2005dir=%cd%&& set vc2005dir_defined=true)
if "#%path0_defined%"=="#" (set path0=%path% && set path0_defined=true )  

@echo.          
@echo    ******** 歡迎進入C/C++編譯模式**********
@echo ┏┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┓ 
@echo ┋        VC 2005 編譯器                      ┋ 
@echo ┋   --------------------------------------   ┋ 
@echo ┋   rc.exe:資源編譯器                        ┋   
@echo ┋   ml.exe:宏彙編編譯器                      ┋ 
@echo ┋   cl.exe:C/C++編譯器                       ┋ 
@echo ┋   link.exe:連接器                          ┋ 
@echo ┋   lib.exe:庫生成器                         ┋
@echo ┋   nmake.exe:(makefile)程序維護實用工具     ┋
@echo ┗┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┛ 
@set PATH=%path0%;%vc2005dir%\bin;%vc2005dir%\PlatformSDK\Bin;%vc2005dir%\myTOOL\windbg\
@set INCLUDE=%vc2005dir%\include;%vc2005dir%\PlatformSDK\Include;%vc2005dir%\atlmfc\include;%vc2005dir%\DirectX_SDK\Include;%vc2005dir%\WTL\Include
@set LIB=%vc2005dir%\lib;%vc2005dir%\PlatformSDK\Lib;%vc2005dir%\atlmfc\lib;%vc2005dir%\DirectX_SDK\Lib\x86;
rem 設置調試符號路徑
@set  _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=%vc2005dir%\myTOOL\windbg\symbols
@echo VC2005所在根目錄是%vc2005dir%
@echo (若上面目錄不正確將不能正確配置環境變量path,include,lib)
@echo 請以 cd /d 命令轉至源程序目錄,而後開始編譯等工做
echo.                                                  
PROMPT -
if "#%once_defined%"=="#" ( set once_defined=true&&%comspec% /k)

運行效果是這樣子的

敲入CL /? LINK /?肯定是否正確

3.每次敲命令是否是很煩,應該還有另外一種方式生成目標,新建一文檔Create_VC_UNICODE_v2.0.CMD,而後添加VC路徑
if exist D:\software\DevKit\VC set vc2005dir=D:\software\DevKit\VC 

@title VC8.0命令行生成WIN32,UNICODE,RELEASE版
@rem by wisepragma
@PROMPT -
 
@ECHO  off
@echo +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
rem color 0a
color f6
rem 在這裏配置vc的根目錄
if exist D:\軟件\VC8.0NEW set vc2005dir=D:\軟件\VC8.0NEW
if exist D:\software\DevKit\VC set vc2005dir=D:\software\DevKit\VC

 

@set PATH=%path%;%vc2005dir%\bin;%vc2005dir%\PlatformSDK\Bin;%vc2005dir%\myTOOL\windbg\;%vc2005dir%\myTOOL\leakdiag
@set INCLUDE=%vc2005dir%\include;%vc2005dir%\PlatformSDK\Include;%vc2005dir%\atlmfc\include;%vc2005dir%\DirectX_SDK\Include;%vc2005dir%\WTL\Include
@set LIB=%vc2005dir%\lib;%vc2005dir%\PlatformSDK\Lib;%vc2005dir%\atlmfc\lib;%vc2005dir%\DirectX_SDK\Lib\x86;

rem 不要有空格或中文,會出錯,有亂碼


 
rem 取當前目錄名做爲程序名
for %%i in (.) do set outfile=%%~ni
rem set outfile=color
set outdir=.\
set cedir=temp
set cd0=%cd%


@echo 正在清除垃圾...
 
>>nul del /f /s /q cl_set.rsp  link_set.rsp  rc_set.rsp *.res *.idb *.pdb *.obj *.exp  *.exe.embed.manifest *.exe.intermediate.manifest *.ncb *.user *.pch *.ilk *.dep  BuildLog.htm *.rc2
 


taskkill.exe /im %outfile%.exe
del /f /s /q %outfile%.exe

md "%outdir%"

@echo ++++++++++Compiling and linking+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
@echo 正在編譯資源...
for  %%x in (*.rc) DO rc /v  %%x


@echo 正在編譯源文件...
rem  /D "_ATL_MIN_CRT" 會產生ERROR:LNK2005 XXX已經在 atlmincrt.lib(atlinit.obj) 中定義
>cl_set.rsp		echo /O1 /FD /MT /D "NDEBUG"  /D "STRICT" /D "WIN32" /D "_WINDOWS"   /D "_UNICODE" /D "UNICODE"  /EHsc  /fp:fast /GR-  /W3 /c  /TP   /Os /Fo"%outdir%/" 
>>cl_set.rsp	dir /b *.cpp
cl @cl_set.rsp  /W3 /nologo 

@echo 連接正進中... 
>link_set.rsp		echo  "/OUT:%outfile%.exe" /INCREMENTAL:NO /MANIFEST:NO /NODEFAULTLIB:"oldnames.lib"  /STACK:65536,4096 /MACHINE:X86 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib
@rem /SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS 
>>link_set.rsp		dir /b *.res *.obj 
link @link_set.rsp  /nologo   /ERRORREPORT:PROMPT
@REM 判斷
 if exist %outfile%.exe goto goahead

 :ABORT
rem COLOR 0c
rem color f0

color f3
cd %cd0%

%comspec% /k
:goahead
echo 清除中間垃圾... 
del *.res *.obj *.rsp
@del /f /s /q *.aps  *.idb *.pdb *.exp  *.exe.embed.manifest *.exe.intermediate.manifest *.ncb *.user *.pch *.ilk *.dep  BuildLog.htm *.rc2
echo ------準備運行--------
@echo on
%outfile%.exe
@rem start %outfile%.exe
@ECHO.
@%comspec% /k

到此咱們就能夠編譯helloworld.cpp了

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	cout<<"hellowrold"<<endl;
}

將源文件單獨放在新建的目錄下,把Create_VC_UNICODE_v2.0.CMD也拷進入,雙擊CMD自動生成

再來個示例代碼

//C++數值類型的取值範圍
#include "stdio.h"
#include "iostream"
using namespace std;
int main()
{

char a1=-128;//-128~+127
short b1=-32768;// -32768~+32767
int c1=-2147483648;//-2147483648~+2147483647
long d1=-2147483648;//-2147483648~+2147483647
long long x1=-9223372036854775808;//-9223372036854775808~9223372036854775807
//如下取-1轉化後爲最大值
unsigned char a2=-1;//0~255
unsigned short b2=-1;// 0~65535
unsigned int c2=-1;//0~4294967295
unsigned long d2=-1;//0~4294967295
unsigned long long x2=-1;//0~18446744073709551615
float e=100/3.0;//10e±38,6位有效數字-7
double f=100.0/3;//10e±308,12位有效數字-16
long double g=100.0/3;//10±4932,15位有效數字-16
cout.precision(50);
cout<<"測試平臺:Intel P4,XPsp3-32bit,VC8.0"<<endl;
cout<<"浮點數精度測試100除以3"<<endl;
cout<<"float \t\t e="<<e<<endl;
cout<<"double \t\t f="<<f<<endl;
cout<<"long double \t g="<<g<<endl;
cout<<"有符號數取最小值分別是"<<endl;
printf("char a1   ->%d\n",a1);
cout<<"short b1 ="<<b1<<endl;
cout<<"int c1   ="<<c1<<endl;
cout<<"long d1   ="<<d1<<endl;
cout<<"long long x1 ="<<x1<<endl; 
cout<<"....最低值再減一,溢出得最大值"<<endl;
a1--;b1--;c1--;d1--;x1--;
printf("char a1   ->%d\n",a1);
cout<<"short b1 ="<<b1<<endl;
cout<<"int c1   ="<<c1<<endl;
cout<<"long d1   ="<<d1<<endl;
cout<<"long long x1 ="<<x1<<endl; 
cout<<"無符號數取最大值(-1)分別是"<<endl;
printf("unsigned char a2 ->%d\n",a2);
cout<<"unsigned short b2 ="<<b2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned int c2   ="<<c2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned long d2 ="<<d2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned long long x2 ="<<x2<<endl;
cout<<"...最大值,加一後,溢出,歸零(最小值)"<<endl;
a2++;b2++;c2++;d2++;x2++;
printf("unsigned char a2 ->%d\n",a2);
cout<<"unsigned short b2 ="<<b2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned int c2   ="<<c2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned long d2 ="<<d2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned long long x2 ="<<x2<<endl;
cout<<"....零減一後,又溢出,得最大值,因此別拿無數號數和小於0比"<<endl;
a2--;b2--;c2--;d2--;x2--;
printf("unsigned char a2 ->%d\n",a2);
cout<<"unsigned short b2 ="<<b2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned int c2   ="<<c2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned long d2 ="<<d2<<endl;
cout<<"unsigned long long x2 ="<<x2<<endl;
cout<<"存儲大小"<<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(char)   ="<<sizeof(char)<<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(short)   ="<<sizeof(short) <<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(int)   ="<<sizeof(int)<<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(long)   ="<<sizeof(long )<<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(long long) ="<<sizeof(long long)<<"字節" <<endl<<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(unsigned char)   ="<<sizeof(unsigned char)<<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(unsigned short)   ="<<sizeof(unsigned short )<<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(unsigned int)   ="<<sizeof(unsigned int )<<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(unsigned long)   ="<<sizeof(unsigned long )<<"字節" <<endl; 
cout<<"sizeof(unsigned long long) ="<<sizeof(unsigned long long)<<"字節" <<endl<<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(float)   ="<<sizeof(float )<<"字節" <<endl;
cout<<"sizeof(double)   ="<<sizeof(double)<<"字節" <<endl; 
cout<<"sizeof(long double) ="<<sizeof(long double )<<"字節" <<endl;
//其餘方法#include "limits"//其餘方法
/*
      cout<<"---------如下最大值--------------------"<<endl;   
      cout<<   numeric_limits<unsigned long long >::max()   <<endl;     
      cout<<   numeric_limits< long long >::max()   <<endl;     
      cout<<"---------如下最小值--------------------"<<endl;   
      cout<<   numeric_limits<unsigned long long >::min()   <<endl;     
      cout<<   numeric_limits<long long>::min()   <<endl;     
*/
//long long 取值-2E(sizeof(long long)*8)/2   ~   2E(sizeof(long long)*8)-1
//unsigned long long 取值0~2E(sizeof(unsigned long long)*8)-1
return 0;
}

運行結果

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
正在清除垃圾...
找不到 H:\helloworld\新建文件夾\cl_set.rsp
錯誤: 沒有找到進程 "新建文件夾.exe"。
刪除文件 - H:\helloworld\新建文件夾\新建文件夾.exe
子目錄或文件 .\ 已經存在。
++++++++++Compiling and linking+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
正在編譯資源...
正在編譯源文件...
howwide.cpp
howwide.cpp(9) : warning C4146: 一元負運算符應用於無符號類型，結果仍爲無符號類型
howwide.cpp(10) : warning C4146: 一元負運算符應用於無符號類型，結果仍爲無符號類型
howwide.cpp(11) : warning C4146: 一元負運算符應用於無符號類型，結果仍爲無符號類型
連接正進中...
清除中間垃圾...
刪除文件 - H:\helloworld\新建文件夾\vc80.idb
------準備運行--------

-新建文件夾.exe
測試結果:
浮點數精度測試100除以3
float            e=33.33333206176757800000000000000
double           f=33.33333333333333600000000000000
long double      g=33.33333333333333600000000000000
有符號數取最小值分別是
char a1   ->-128
short b1 =-32768
int c1   =-2147483648
long d1   =-2147483648
long long x1 =-9223372036854775808
....最低值再減一,溢出得最大值
char a1   ->127
short b1 =32767
int c1   =2147483647
long d1   =2147483647
long long x1 =9223372036854775807
無符號數取最大值(-1)分別是
unsigned char a2 ->255
unsigned short b2 =65535
unsigned int c2   =4294967295
unsigned long d2 =4294967295
unsigned long long x2 =18446744073709551615
...最大值,加一後,溢出,歸零(最小值)
unsigned char a2 ->0
unsigned short b2 =0
unsigned int c2   =0
unsigned long d2 =0
unsigned long long x2 =0
....零減一後,又溢出,得最大值,因此別拿無數號數和小於0比
unsigned char a2 ->255
unsigned short b2 =65535
unsigned int c2   =4294967295
unsigned long d2 =4294967295
unsigned long long x2 =18446744073709551615
存儲大小
sizeof(char)   =1字節
sizeof(short)   =2字節
sizeof(int)   =4字節
sizeof(long)   =4字節
sizeof(long long) =8字節

sizeof(unsigned char)   =1字節
sizeof(unsigned short)   =2字節
sizeof(unsigned int)   =4字節
sizeof(unsigned long)   =4字節
sizeof(unsigned long long) =8字節

sizeof(float)   =4字節
sizeof(double)   =8字節
sizeof(long double) =8字節

-