1. ftp服務端的安裝
若是以前配置過ftp服務器的仍是以後配置的服務器,沒法啓動服務,那麼基本是配置出現了錯誤,那麼可先徹底卸載後再進行安裝。若是沒法定位多半是鏡像源的問題,請更換阿里源。shell
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install vsftpd vsftpd --version //檢測是否安裝
2. ftp服務端的配置
vim /etc/vsftpd.conf //編輯配置文件
修改vsftpd.conf文件以下:ubuntu
listen=NO //是否開啓監聽ipv4和ipv6數據 listen_ipv6=YES //是否開啓監聽ipv6數據 # Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default). anonymous_enable=NO //是否容許匿名登錄,無需密碼 # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES //是否容許本地用戶登陸 # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES //是否容許登錄者上傳文件 # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 //設置本地用戶默認要減免的權限 # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES //目錄消息,可以給遠程登錄的用戶發送目錄 # # If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time # in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The # times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this # option. use_localtime=YES //服務器所展現的目錄將隨着本地時間而改變 # # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. xferlog_enable=YES //開啓上傳下載的日誌記錄 # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES //確認鏈接傳輸的端口號爲20 # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown # below. xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log //日誌文件存放位置 # # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format. # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case. xferlog_std_format=YES //日誌文件採用標準格式 # You may fully customise the login banner string: ftpd_banner=Welcome to FTP service. //在使用shell時登錄那麼會發送歡迎語 # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the # chroot) chroot_local_user=YES //對本地用戶是否實施限制 chroot_list_enable=YES //開啓限制白名單 # (default follows) chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list //白名單路徑,若無這個文件須要本身建立 # This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the # directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used # as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem # access. secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty # # This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use. # pam_service_name=vsftpd pam_service_name=ftp //此處ubuntu的系統須要改成ftp # This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL # encrypted connections. rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key ssl_enable=NO # # Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem. utf8_filesystem=YES //編碼統一爲utf8編碼,能夠識別中文,防止亂碼
3. vftpd配置完成
1. 建立ftp用戶組和用戶
sudo groupadd ftpusers //建立ftpusers用戶組 sudo useradd -m ftpuser_lxr//建立一個用戶而且自動建立家目錄爲/home/ftpuser_lxr (第二種方式:mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr //先建立家目錄sudo userad -d /home/ftpuser_lxr ftpuser_lxr //綁定這個家目錄) usermod -G ftpusers ftpuser_lxr //將這個新用戶加入到ftpusers用戶組中 sudo passwd ftpuser_lxr //更改密碼 mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp //爲用戶添加一個具備必定權限的文件夾 chmod 777 -R /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp //新建一個pub目錄用於存放文件,而且賦予所有權限 usermod -s /sbin/nologin username //限制用戶登陸方式;限制用戶username只能經過ftp登錄,而不能直接登錄服務器
2.將該用戶加入vsftpd.chroot_list白名單中
mkdir /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list vim vsftpd.chroot_list
該文件內容以下:vim
#白名單 ftpuser_lxr
3.開啓並重啓vsftpd的服務
systemctl start vsftpd或者service vsftpd start
systemctl restart vsftpd或者service vsftpd restartwindows
方法一:瀏覽器
打開瀏覽器,在地址欄輸入:ftp://ip_addresss
方法二:服務器
在ubuntu中使用shell輸入:ftp ip_address
方法三:ide
在windows中在文件管理器地址欄輸入:ftp://ip_addresss,該方式能夠上傳下載文件
方法四:測試
在windows中使用cmd輸入:ftp://ip_addresss //顯示鏈接成功