Ubuntu下安裝Naginx, PHP5(及PHP-FPM),MySQL

環境:ubuntu 12.0.4 LTS nginx(發音"engine x")是一個自由,開放源碼,高性能的HTTP server。Nginx以穩定性,豐富的功能集,簡單的配置,和低資源消耗而出名。本文將向你展現怎麼在ubuntu 12.0.4 LTS 上安裝Nginx,php5(及php-fpm),mysql。javascript

一:安裝前作個簡單的說明

我使用的域名爲example.com,ip地址是218.198.177.252。你能夠視具體狀況更改這些設置。在下文中我將使用root權限安裝所需軟件,因此請先切換到root用戶:sudo suphp

二:安裝MySQL

apt-get install mysql-server mysql-clientcss

安裝過程會提示你爲MySQL root 用戶提供一個密碼----這個密碼對 root@localhost可用,同時對root@example.com也可用,所以你須要手動爲MySQL root用戶指定一個密碼: New password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword Repeat password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpasswordhtml

三:安裝Nginx

apt-get install nginxjava

1,啓動nginx /etc/init.d/nginx startnode

2,打開瀏覽器輸入http://127.0.0.1,若是看到Welcome to nginx!,則說明安裝成功,ubuntu 12.0.4 LTS上nginx默認的網站根目錄在 /usr/share/nginx/www。mysql

四:安裝PHP5

PHP5能夠在nginx上經過PHP-FPM(PHP—FPM(FastCGI Process Manager) 是一個可選的 FastCGI,添加了一些了一些頗有用的特性,特別是對於繁忙的站點)工做。 說明:Nginx不支持對外部程序的直接調用或解析,全部的外部程序(包括PHP)必須經過FastCGI接口調用。nginx

apt-get install php5-fpmweb

PHP-FPM是一個守護進程(init腳本文件在/etc/init.d/php5-fpm),它運行了一個FastCGI server,端口是 9000。sql

五:配置 nginx,如下是我本機的配置文件。

1,nginx的配置文件在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf, vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 以下:

<!-- lang: php -->
user www-data;        //指定Nginx Worker 進程運行用戶及用戶組
<!-- lang: php -->
worker_processes 4;      / /指定Nginx開啓的進程數,每一個Nginx進程平均耗費10M-20M內存。
<!-- lang: php -->
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;    //用來指定進程id的存儲文件的位置
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
events {                      //用來指定Nginx的工做模式,及鏈接上限數
<!-- lang: php -->
           use epoll;       
<!-- lang: php -->
           worker_connections 768;
<!-- lang: php -->
           # multi_accept on;
<!-- lang: php -->
}
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
http {
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # Basic Settings    //基本的設置
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        sendfile on;
<!-- lang: php -->
        tcp_nopush on;
<!-- lang: php -->
        tcp_nodelay on;
<!-- lang: php -->
        keepalive_timeout 65;
<!-- lang: php -->
        types_hash_max_size 2048;
<!-- lang: php -->
        # server_tokens off;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
<!-- lang: php -->
        # server_name_in_redirect off;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
<!-- lang: php -->
        default_type application/octet-stream;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # Logging Settings   //指定日誌的存放路徑
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
<!-- lang: php -->
        error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # Gzip Settings         //開啓Gzip 壓縮
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        gzip on;
<!-- lang: php -->
        gzip_disable "msie6";
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
         gzip_vary on;
<!-- lang: php -->
         gzip_proxied any;
<!-- lang: php -->
         gzip_comp_level 6;
<!-- lang: php -->
         gzip_buffers 16 8k;
<!-- lang: php -->
         gzip_http_version 1.1;
<!-- lang: php -->
         gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # nginx-naxsi config
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # nginx-passenger config
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        #passenger_root /usr;
<!-- lang: php -->
        #passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
        # Virtual Host Configs      //虛擬主機的配置
<!-- lang: php -->
        ##
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
<!-- lang: php -->
        include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
 
<!-- lang: php -->
}
<!-- lang: php -->
#mail {
<!-- lang: php -->
#       # See sample authentication script at:
<!-- lang: php -->
#       # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
<!-- lang: php -->
#
<!-- lang: php -->
#       # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
<!-- lang: php -->
#       # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
<!-- lang: php -->
#       # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
<!-- lang: php -->
#
<!-- lang: php -->
#       server {
<!-- lang: php -->
#               listen     localhost:110;
<!-- lang: php -->
#               protocol   pop3;
<!-- lang: php -->
#               proxy      on;
<!-- lang: php -->
#       }
<!-- lang: php -->
#
<!-- lang: php -->
#       server {
<!-- lang: php -->
#               listen     localhost:143;
<!-- lang: php -->
#               protocol   imap;
<!-- lang: php -->
#               proxy      on;
<!-- lang: php -->
#       }
<!-- lang: php -->
#}
<!-- lang: php -->

2,虛擬主機被定義在server{}中,默認文件在/etc/nginx/sites-available/default,vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default。

server { listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /usr/share/nginx/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name _; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex off; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/www; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ .php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ .php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /.ht { deny all; } }

3,保存文件,使配置生效 /etc/init.d/nginx reload

4,在Nginx的默認網站根目錄建立一個PHP的測試文件 vim /usr/share/nginx/www/info.php

<? php phpinfo(); ?>

5,打開瀏覽器輸入http://127.0.0.1/info.php

你能夠看見PHP5已經經過FPM/FastCGI工做了,具體可看Server API那行。向下滾動能夠看見全部的模塊在PHP5中都是可用的,MySQL尚未被列出來,意味着MySQL還沒支持PHP5。

六:讓MySQL支持PHP5

1,讓MySQL支持PHP5,咱們能夠安裝php5-mysql包。其他的包,咱們能夠按需安裝所須要的包,用apt-cache search php5列出PHP的包,看下那個是你所須要的。

2,選擇一些你所須要的包,象這樣安裝: apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl

3,重啓PHP-FPM /etc/init.d/php5-fpm restart

4,打開瀏覽器,輸入http://127.0.0.1/info.php,看下你安裝的包是否是已經被支持了。

七:配置PHP-FPM

vim /etc/php5/fpm/php-fpm.conf 或在 vim /etc/php5/fpm/conf.d/下作更詳細的配置,不懂真人的默認就好了 ,也不優化了。

八:在/etc/nginx/sites-available/default中新增一個虛擬主機。

個人配置文件:

server { listen 80 ; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied

listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6

root /web/example;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    # Make site accessible from http://localhost/
    server_name 218.198.177.252 example.com ;   //這個和apache同樣的啦,寫域名就好了

    location / {
            # First attempt to serve request as file, then
            # as directory, then fall back to index.html
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
            # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
            # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
    }

    location /doc/ {
            alias /usr/share/doc/;
            autoindex on;
            allow 127.0.0.1;
            deny all;
    }

    # Only for nginx-naxsi : process denied requests
    #location /RequestDenied {
            # For example, return an error code
            #return 418;
    #}

    #error_page 404 /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
            root /web/example;
    }

location ~ .php$ { //nginx處理靜態的頁面,動態的轉給FastCGI處理 # fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$; # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # # # With php5-cgi alone: fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # # With php5-fpm: # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; }

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    location ~ /\.ht {
            deny all;
    }

}

看下效果了,如過你的不成功,本身檢查下....

參考資料: 1,http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-nginx-with-php5-and-php-fpm-and-mysql-support-on-ubuntu-11.10 2,http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-nginx-with-php5-and-php-fpm-and-mysql-support-on-ubuntu-11.10-p2 3,張宴的《實戰Nginx:取代Apache的高性能Web服務器》

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