下面的源碼和操做步驟依據java web整合開發王者歸來第16章,16.7 Action中使用POJO:p464css
pojo:就是javabean的意思,下面就是struts2操做javabean代碼過程html
1.web.xml文件內容java
web.xml文件內容是通用的過濾器配置web
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <filter> <filter-name>struts</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
2.struts.xml配置ajax
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd"> <struts> <package name="main" extends="struts-default"> <action name="*Book" class="com.zyf.action.BookAction" method="{1}"> <result>/successBook.jsp</result> <result name="{1}">/{1}Book.jsp</result> <result name="input">/initAddBook.jsp</result> <result name="list">/listBook.jsp</result> //疑點:這條語句爲何不能去掉,由於有上面的name="{1}",按照語法不是已經包括這條了麼?實驗過程當中,若是沒這條就會錯誤。 </action> </package> </struts>
3.action之BookAction.java代碼sql
package com.zyf.action; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.zyf.bean.Book; public class BookAction extends ActionSupport{ public static List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<Book>(); private String title; private Book book; // 添加書籍頁面 public String initAdd() { return "initAdd"; } // 添加書籍 public String add() { bookList.add(book); //這個地方的book,按照java的基礎語法,應該是不能直接使用的,由於book多是空的,書上所說,struts2會在運行過程當中經過反射建立一個對象,所以不會拋出NullPointException. title = "<br/><br/>添加書籍成功<br/><br/>"; return "success"; } // 書籍列表 public String list() { return "list"; } // 清空書籍列表 public String clear() { bookList.clear(); title = "<br/><br/>清空書籍列表成功<br/><br/>"; return "list"; } public List<Book> getBookList() { return bookList; }
//疑點,BookList是static修飾的,若是用myeclipse自動生成的話,方法前面會加上static,可是若是有static的話,數據不能保存下來,我在頁面點查詢列表就插敘不到結果,這個地方疑問,加了static有什麼不同的地方麼? public void setBookList(List<Book> bookList) { BookAction.bookList = bookList; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public Book getBook() { return book; } public void setBook(Book book) { this.book = book; } }
4.javabean之Book.java代碼apache
package com.zyf.bean; import java.sql.Date; public class Book { private String name; private String author; private Date publishedDate; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public Date getPublishedDate() { return publishedDate; } public void setPublishedDate(Date publishedDate) { this.publishedDate = publishedDate; } }
5.首頁面之initAddBook.jsp代碼:app
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-dojo-tags" prefix="sx" %> //這個地方新添加了一個標籤庫,由於書本上的struts2版本可能早了,若是這個地方不修改,下面還使用ajax的主題的話,會出錯。使用這個標籤庫,須要添加jar,我用的是:struts2-dojo-plugin-2.1.8 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <sx:head/> //注:這個地方使用的標籤就不是struts2的標籤了 <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <a href="<s:url action="initAddBook"/>">添加書籍</a> <a href="<s:url action="listBook"/>">書籍列表</a> <a href="<s:url action="clearBook"/>">清除書籍</a> <s:form action="addBook" validate="ture"> <s:label value="添加書籍"></s:label> <s:textfield name="book.name" label="書名"></s:textfield> <s:textfield name="book.author" label="做者"></s:textfield> <s:textfield name="book.publishedDate" label="出版日期"></s:textfield> <s:submit value="添加"></s:submit> </s:form> </body> </html>
標籤說明:eclipse
<s:form>:struts用於輸出表單的標籤,validate屬性爲true表示表單提交前對輸入數據進行驗證,從上面代碼,你會發現,其中沒有table,tr,td標籤,由於<s:form>會自動生成<table>標籤;jsp
<s:textfield>標籤輸出一個HTML單行文本輸入控件,等價於HTML代碼<input type=」text」>,name對應於<input name>,而label對應於<input/>輸入框前面的提示
<s:submit>標籤即html中對應的type=submit,用於提交
6.成功頁面之successBook.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %> <html> <head> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <a href="<s:url action="initAddBook" />">添加書籍</a> <a href="<s:url action="listBook" />">書籍列表</a> <a href="<s:url action="clearBook" />">清空書籍列表</a> <s:property value="title" escape="false"/> </body> </html>
<s:url>標籤通常和超連接 <a>一塊兒使用,用於帶多個參數,用於指定要處理的action,後面還有param,includeParams,includeContext ,Method ,namespace等屬性,可是通常不用,關於<s:url>標籤詳細使用方法,能夠參看http://www.cnblogs.com/zyf2013/p/3439289.html或者http://www.cnblogs.com/yaowen/archive/2013/02/21/2920596.html
<s:property>標籤的escape屬性默認值爲true,即不解析html代碼,直接將其輸出。若想要輸出html的效果,則要改成false
關於不解析html代碼(理解有點小困難,s:property就是輸出用的,解析不解析有區別麼?難道value裏面會出現不少html代碼?)
7.查詢頁面之listBook.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title><s:property value="title" escape="false"/></title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> <style type="text/css"> table {border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid #000000; margin-top: 20px; } th, td {border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 12px; } body {font-size: 12px; } </style> </head> <body> <a href="<s:url action="initAddBook" />">添加書籍</a> <a href="<s:url action="listBook" />">書籍列表</a> <a href="<s:url action="clearBook" />">清空書籍列表</a> <s:property value="title" escape="false"/> <table> <tr> <th>書名</th> <th>做者</th> <th>出版日期</th> </tr> <s:iterator id="book" value="bookList"> <tr> <td>${book.name }</td> <td>${book.author }</td> <td>${book.publishedDate }</td> </tr> </s:iterator> </table> </body> </html>
下面是我找到的iterator標籤的相關:
<s:iterator>迭代標籤:用於遍歷集合(java.util.Collection)或者枚舉值(java.util.Iterator)類型的對象,value屬性表示集合或枚舉對象,status屬性表示當前循環的對象,在循環體內部能夠引用該對象的屬性
<s:iterator value="userList" status="user">
姓名:<s:property value="user.userName" />
年齡:<s:property value="user.age" />
</s:iterator>
不過上面所說的和程序中用到的不相符呀。
8.發佈以後的效果圖以下:
首頁:添加書籍 查詢列表 清空列表以後的頁面