一、業務與配置的分離python
二、數據與程序的分離;數據的變動不影響程序面試
三、有日誌功能,實現無人值守數據庫
四、自動發送測試報告編程
五、不懂編程的測試人員也能夠進行測試json
肯定接口測試使用的工具----->配置須要的接口參數----->進行測試----->檢查測試結果----->生成測試報告api
測試的工具:python+requests安全
接口測試用例:excel服務器
一、action包:用來存放關鍵字函數cookie
二、config包:用來存放配置文件數據結構
三、TestData:用來存放測試數據,excel表
四、Log包:用來存放日誌文件
五、utils包:用來存放公共的類
六、運行主程序interface_auto_test.py
七、Readme.txt:告訴團隊組員使用改框架須要注意的地方
一個sheet對應數據庫裏面一張表
APIsheet存放
編號;從1開始
接口的名稱(APIName);
請求的url(RequestUrl);
請求的方法(RequestMethod);
傳參的方式(paramsType):post/get請求方法不同
用例說明(APITestCase)
是否執行(Active)部分接口已測通,下次不用測試,直接把這裏設置成N,跳過此接口
post與get的區別
查看post詳情
post請求參數通常是json串,參數放在from表單裏面;參數通常不可見,相對來講安全性高些
查看get詳情
get請求參數通常直接放在url裏面
RequestData:請求的數據
(開發制定的傳參方式)
RelyData:數據依賴
ResponseCode:響應code
ResponseData:響應數據
DataStore:存儲的依賴數據;若是存在數據庫裏面,在表裏增長一個字段用來存依賴的數據
(存儲的方式是編寫接口自動化的人員來設定的存儲方式)
CheckPoint:檢查點
Active:是否執行
Status:執行用例的狀態,方便查看用例是否執行成功
ErrorInfo:case運行失敗,失敗的錯誤信息;eg:是也自己的緣由仍是case設置失敗,仍是其餘緣由
RequestData:請求的數據
(開發制定的傳參方式)
RelyData:數據依賴
(存儲的方式是編寫接口自動化的人員來設定的存儲方式)
ResponseCode:響應code
ResponseData:響應數據
DataStore:存儲的依賴數據;若是存在數據庫裏面,在表裏增長一個字段用來存依賴的數據
(存儲的方式是編寫接口自動化的人員來設定的存儲方式)
CheckPoint:檢查點
Active:是否執行
Status:執行用例的狀態,方便查看用例是否執行成功
ErrorInfo:case運行失敗,失敗的錯誤信息;eg:是也自己的緣由仍是case設置失敗,仍是其餘緣由
重點說明下RelyData:數據依賴
採起的是字典:key:value來存儲數據格式;
{"request":{"username":"register->1","password":"register->1"},"response":{"code":"register->1"}}
格式化以後:
{ "request":{ "username":"register->1", "password":"register->1" }, "response":{ "code":"register->1" } }
#encoding=utf-8 import openpyxl from openpyxl.styles import Border, Side, Font import time class ParseExcel(object): def __init__(self): self.workbook = None self.excelFile = None self.font = Font(color = None) # 設置字體的顏色 # 顏色對應的RGB值 self.RGBDict = {'red': 'FFFF3030', 'green': 'FF008B00'} def loadWorkBook(self, excelPathAndName): # 將excel文件加載到內存,並獲取其workbook對象 try: self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(excelPathAndName) except Exception as err: raise err self.excelFile = excelPathAndName return self.workbook def getSheetByName(self, sheetName): # 根據sheet名獲取該sheet對象 try: # sheet = self.workbook.get_sheet_by_name(sheetName) sheet = self.workbook[sheetName] return sheet except Exception as err: raise err def getSheetByIndex(self, sheetIndex): # 根據sheet的索引號獲取該sheet對象 try: # sheetname = self.workbook.get_sheet_names()[sheetIndex] sheetname = self.workbook.sheetnames[sheetIndex] except Exception as err: raise err # sheet = self.workbook.get_sheet_by_name(sheetname) sheet = self.workbook[sheetname] return sheet def getRowsNumber(self, sheet): # 獲取sheet中有數據區域的結束行號 return sheet.max_row def getColsNumber(self, sheet): # 獲取sheet中有數據區域的結束列號 return sheet.max_column def getStartRowNumber(self, sheet): # 獲取sheet中有數據區域的開始的行號 return sheet.min_row def getStartColNumber(self, sheet): # 獲取sheet中有數據區域的開始的列號 return sheet.min_column def getRow(self, sheet, rowNo): # 獲取sheet中某一行,返回的是這一行全部的數據內容組成的tuple, # 下標從1開始,sheet.rows[1]表示第一行 try: rows = [] for row in sheet.iter_rows(): rows.append(row) return rows[rowNo - 1] except Exception as err: raise err def getColumn(self, sheet, colNo): # 獲取sheet中某一列,返回的是這一列全部的數據內容組成tuple, # 下標從1開始,sheet.columns[1]表示第一列 try: cols = [] for col in sheet.iter_cols(): cols.append(col) return cols[colNo - 1] except Exception as err: raise err def getCellOfValue(self, sheet, coordinate = None, rowNo = None, colsNo = None): # 根據單元格所在的位置索引獲取該單元格中的值,下標從1開始, # sheet.cell(row = 1, column = 1).value, # 表示excel中第一行第一列的值 if coordinate != None: try: return sheet[coordinate] except Exception as err: raise err elif coordinate is None and rowNo is not None and \ colsNo is not None: try: return sheet.cell(row = rowNo, column = colsNo).value except Exception as err: raise err else: raise Exception("Insufficient Coordinates of cell !") def getCellOfObject(self, sheet, coordinate = None, rowNo = None, colsNo = None): # 獲取某個單元格的對象,能夠根據單元格所在位置的數字索引, # 也能夠直接根據excel中單元格的編碼及座標 # 如getCellObject(sheet, coordinate = 'A1') or # getCellObject(sheet, rowNo = 1, colsNo = 2) if coordinate != None: try: # return sheet.cell(coordinate = coordinate) return sheet[coordinate] except Exception as err: raise err elif coordinate == None and rowNo is not None and \ colsNo is not None: try: return sheet.cell(row = rowNo,column = colsNo) except Exception as err: raise err else: raise Exception("Insufficient Coordinates of cell !") def writeCell(self, sheet, content, coordinate = None, rowNo = None, colsNo = None, style = None): #根據單元格在excel中的編碼座標或者數字索引座標向單元格中寫入數據, # 下標從1開始,參style表示字體的顏色的名字,好比red,green if coordinate is not None: try: # sheet.cell(coordinate = coordinate).value = content sheet[coordinate] = content if style is not None: sheet[coordinate].\ font = Font(color = self.RGBDict[style]) self.workbook.save(self.excelFile) except Exception as e: raise e elif coordinate == None and rowNo is not None and \ colsNo is not None: try: sheet.cell(row = rowNo,column = colsNo).value = content if style: sheet.cell(row = rowNo,column = colsNo).\ font = Font(color = self.RGBDict[style]) self.workbook.save(self.excelFile) except Exception as e: raise e else: raise Exception("Insufficient Coordinates of cell !") def writeCellCurrentTime(self, sheet, coordinate = None, rowNo = None, colsNo = None): # 寫入當前的時間,下標從1開始 now = int(time.time()) #顯示爲時間戳 timeArray = time.localtime(now) currentTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray) if coordinate is not None: try: sheet.cell(coordinate = coordinate).value = currentTime self.workbook.save(self.excelFile) except Exception as e: raise e elif coordinate == None and rowNo is not None \ and colsNo is not None: try: sheet.cell(row = rowNo, column = colsNo ).value = currentTime self.workbook.save(self.excelFile) except Exception as e: raise e else: raise Exception("Insufficient Coordinates of cell !") if __name__ == '__main__': # 測試代碼 pe = ParseExcel() pe.loadWorkBook(r'D:\ProgramSourceCode\Python Source Code\WorkSpace\InterfaceFrame2018\inter_test_data.xlsx') sheetObj = pe.getSheetByName(u"API") print("經過名稱獲取sheet對象的名字:", sheetObj.title) # print help(sheetObj.rows) print("經過index序號獲取sheet對象的名字:", pe.getSheetByIndex(0).title) sheet = pe.getSheetByIndex(0) print(type(sheet)) print(pe.getRowsNumber(sheet)) #獲取最大行號 print(pe.getColsNumber(sheet)) #獲取最大列號 rows = pe.getRow(sheet, 1) #獲取第一行 for i in rows: print(i.value) # # 獲取第一行第一列單元格內容 # print pe.getCellOfValue(sheet, rowNo = 1, colsNo = 1) # pe.writeCell(sheet, u'我愛祖國', rowNo = 10, colsNo = 10) # pe.writeCellCurrentTime(sheet, rowNo = 10, colsNo = 11)
import requests import json class HttpClient(object): def __init__(self): pass def request(self, requestMethod, requestUrl, paramsType, requestData, headers =None, **kwargs): if requestMethod == "post": print("---", requestData, type(requestData)) if paramsType == "form": response = self.__post(url = requestUrl, data = json.dumps(eval(requestData)), headers = headers, **kwargs) return response elif paramsType == "json": response = self.__post(url = requestUrl, json = json.dumps(eval(requestData)), headers = headers, **kwargs) return response elif requestMethod == "get": request_url = requestUrl if paramsType == "url": request_url = "%s%s" %(requestUrl, requestData) response = self.__get(url = request_url, params = requestData, **kwargs) return response def __post(self, url, data = None, json = None, headers=None,**kwargs): print("----") response = requests.post(url=url, data = data, json=json, headers=headers) return response def __get(self, url, params = None, **kwargs): response = requests.get(url, params = params, **kwargs) return response if __name__ == "__main__": hc = HttpClient() res = hc.request("get", "http://39.106.41.11:8080/getBlogContent/", "url",'2') print(res.json())
import hashlib def md5_encrypt(text): m5 = hashlib.md5() m5.update(text.encode("utf-8")) value = m5.hexdigest() return value if __name__ == "__main__": print(md5_encrypt("sfwe"))
import logging import logging.config from config.public_data import baseDir # 讀取日誌配置文件 logging.config.fileConfig(baseDir + "\config\Logger.conf") # 選擇一個日誌格式 logger = logging.getLogger("example02")#或者example01 def debug(message): # 定義dubug級別日誌打印方法 logger.debug(message) def info(message): # 定義info級別日誌打印方法 logger.info(message) def warning(message): # 定義warning級別日誌打印方法 logger.warning(message)
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.header import Header from ProjVar.var import * import os import smtplib from email import encoders from email.mime.base import MIMEBase from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.header import Header from email.utils import formataddr def send_mail(): mail_host="smtp.qq.com" #設置服務器 mail_user="xiangxiang" #用戶名 mail_pass="cmxx" #口令 sender = 'cm2019@126.com' receivers = ['672014873@qq.com',"cm2019@126.com"] # 接收郵件,可設置爲你的QQ郵箱或者其餘郵箱 # 建立一個帶附件的實例 message = MIMEMultipart() message['From'] = formataddr(["自動化測試", "cm2019@126.com"]) message['To'] = ','.join(receivers) subject = '自動化測試執行報告' message['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') message["Accept-Language"]="zh-CN" message["Accept-Charset"]="ISO-8859-1,utf-8,gbk" # 郵件正文內容 message.attach(MIMEText('最新執行的自動化測試報告,請參閱附件內容!', 'plain', 'utf-8')) # 構造附件1,傳送測試結果的excel文件 att = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream') att.set_payload(open(ProjDirPath+"\\testdata\\testdata.xlsx", 'rb').read()) att.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=('gbk', '', "自動化測試報告.xlsx")) encoders.encode_base64(att) message.attach(att) """ # 構造附件2,傳送當前目錄下的 runoob.txt 文件 att2 = MIMEText(open('e:\\a.py','rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8') att2["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' att2["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="a.py"' message.attach(att2) """ try: smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP(mail_host) smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass) smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string()) print("郵件發送成功") except smtplib.SMTPException as e: print("Error: 沒法發送郵件", e) if __name__ == "__main__": send_mail()
建立public_data.py
import os # 整個項目的根目錄絕對路勁 baseDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)) # 獲取測試數據文件的絕對路徑 file_path = baseDir + "/TestData/inter_test_data.xlsx" API_apiName = 2 API_requestUrl = 3 API_requestMothod = 4 API_paramsType = 5 API_apiTestCaseFileName = 6 API_active = 7 CASE_requestData = 1 CASE_relyData = 2 CASE_responseCode = 3 CASE_responseData = 4 CASE_dataStore = 5 CASE_checkPoint = 6 CASE_active = 7 CASE_status = 8 CASE_errorInfo = 9 # 存儲請求參數裏面依賴的數據 REQUEST_DATA = {} # 存儲響應對象中的依賴數據 RESPONSE_DATA = {} if __name__=="__main__": print(file_path) print(baseDir)
inter_test_data.xlsx
from config.public_data import REQUEST_DATA, RESPONSE_DATA from utils.md5_encrypt import md5_encrypt REQUEST_DATA = {"用戶註冊":{"1":{"username":"zhangsan", "password":"dfsdf23"}, "headers":{"cookie":"asdfwerw"}}} RESPONSE_DATA = {"用戶註冊":{"1":{"code":"00"}, "headers":{"age":2342}}} class GetRely(object): def __init__(self): pass @classmethod def get(self, dataSource, relyData, headSource = {}): print(type(dataSource)) print(dataSource) data = dataSource.copy() for key, value in relyData.items(): if key == "request": #說明應該去REQUEST_DATA中獲取 for k, v in value.items(): interfaceName, case_idx = v.split("->") val = REQUEST_DATA[interfaceName][case_idx][k] if k == "password": data[k] = md5_encrypt(val) else: data[k] = val elif key == "response": # 應該去RESPONSE_DATA中獲取 for k, v in value.items(): interfaceName, case_idx = v.split("->") data[k] = RESPONSE_DATA[interfaceName][case_idx][k] elif key == "headers": if headSource: for key, value in value.items(): if key == "request": for k, v in value.items(): for i in v: headSource[i] = REQUEST_DATA[k]["headers"][i] elif key == "response": for i, val in value.items(): for j in val: headSource[j] = RESPONSE_DATA[i]["headers"][j] return "%s" %data if __name__ == "__main__": s = {"username": "", "password": "","code":""} h = {"cookie":"123", "age":332} rely = {"request": {"username": "用戶註冊->1", "password": "用戶註冊->1"}, "response":{"code":"用戶註冊->1"}, "headers":{"request":{"用戶註冊":["cookie"]},"response":{"用戶註冊":["age"]}} } print(GetRely.get(s, rely, h))
from config.public_data import RESPONSE_DATA, REQUEST_DATA class RelyDataStore(object): def __init__(self): pass @classmethod def do(cls, storePoint, apiName, caseId, request_source = {}, response_source = {}, req_headers={}, res_headers = {}): for key, value in storePoint.items(): if key == "request": # 說明須要存儲的依賴數據來自請求參數,應該將數據存儲到REQUEST_DATA for i in value: if i in request_source: val = request_source[i] if apiName not in REQUEST_DATA: # 說明存儲數據的結構還未生成,須要指明數據存儲結構 REQUEST_DATA[apiName]={str(caseId): {i: val}} else: #說明存儲數據結構中最外層結構已存在 if str(caseId) in REQUEST_DATA[apiName]: REQUEST_DATA[apiName][str(caseId)][i] = val else: # 說明內層結構不完整,須要指明完整的結構 REQUEST_DATA[apiName][str(caseId)] = {i: val} else: print("請求參數中不存在字段" + i) elif key == "response": #說明須要存儲的依賴數據來自接口的響應body,應該將數據存儲到RESPONSE_DATA for j in value: if j in response_source: val = response_source[j] if apiName not in RESPONSE_DATA: # 說明存儲數據的結構還未生成,須要指明數據存儲結構 RESPONSE_DATA[apiName]={str(caseId): {j: val}} else: #說明存儲數據結構中最外層結構已存在 if str(caseId) in RESPONSE_DATA[apiName]: RESPONSE_DATA[apiName][str(caseId)][j] = val else: # 說明內層結構不完整,須要指明完整的結構 RESPONSE_DATA[apiName][str(caseId)] = {j: val} else: print("接口的響應body中不存在字段" + j) elif key == "headers": for k, v in value.items(): if k == "request": # 說明須要往REQUEST_DATA變量中寫入存儲數據 for item in v: if item in req_headers: header = req_headers[item] if "headers" in REQUEST_DATA[apiName]: REQUEST_DATA[apiName]["headers"][item] = header else: REQUEST_DATA[apiName]["headers"] = {item: header} elif k == "response": # 說明須要往RESPONSE_DATA變量中寫入存儲數據 for it in v: if it in res_headers: header = res_headers[it] if "headers" in RESPONSE_DATA[apiName]: RESPONSE_DATA[apiName]["headers"][it] = header else: RESPONSE_DATA[apiName]["headers"] = {item: header} print(REQUEST_DATA) print(RESPONSE_DATA) if __name__ == "__main__": r = {"username": "srwcx01", "password": "wcx123wac1", "email": "wcx@qq.com"} req_h = {"cookie":"csdfw23"} res_h = {"age":597232} s = {"request": ["username", "password"], "response": ["userid"],"headers":{"request":["cookie"], "response":["age"]}} res = {"userid": 12, "code": "00"} RelyDataStore.do(s, "register", 1, r, res, req_headers=req_h, res_headers=res_h) print(REQUEST_DATA) print(RESPONSE_DATA)
import re class CheckResult(object): def __init__(self): pass @classmethod def check(self, responseObj, checkPoint): responseBody = responseObj.json() # responseBody = {"code": "", "userid": 12, "id": "12"} errorKey = {} for key, value in checkPoint.items(): if key in responseBody: if isinstance(value, (str, int)): # 等值校驗 if responseBody[key] != value: errorKey[key] = responseBody[key] elif isinstance(value, dict): sourceData = responseBody[key] if "value" in value: # 模糊匹配校驗 regStr = value["value"] rg = re.match(regStr, "%s" %sourceData) if not rg: errorKey[key] = sourceData elif "type" in value: # 數據類型校驗 typeS = value["type"] if typeS == "N": # 說明是整形校驗 if not isinstance(sourceData, int): errorKey[key] = sourceData else: errorKey[key] = "[%s] not exist" %key return errorKey if __name__ == "__main__": r = {"code": "00", "userid": 12, "id": 12} c = {"code": "00", "userid": {"type": "N"}, "id": {"value": "\d+"}} print(CheckResult.check(r, c))
from config.public_data import * def write_result(wbObj, sheetObj, responseData, errorKey, rowNum): try: # 寫響應body wbObj.writeCell(sheetObj, content="%s" %responseData, rowNo = rowNum, colsNo=CASE_responseData) # 寫校驗結果狀態及錯誤信息 if errorKey: wbObj.writeCell(sheetObj, content="%s" %errorKey, rowNo=rowNum, colsNo=CASE_errorInfo) wbObj.writeCell(sheetObj, content="faild", rowNo=rowNum, colsNo=CASE_status, style="red") else: wbObj.writeCell(sheetObj, content="pass", rowNo=rowNum, colsNo=CASE_status, style="green") except Exception as err: raise err
若是對軟件測試、接口測試、自動化測試、面試經驗交流。感興趣能夠加軟件測試交流:1085991341,還會有同行一塊兒技術交流。
#encoding=utf-8 import requests import json from action.get_rely import GetRely from config.public_data import * from utils.ParseExcel import ParseExcel from utils.HttpClient import HttpClient from action.data_store import RelyDataStore from action.check_result import CheckResult from action.write_result import write_result from utils.Log import * def main(): parseE = ParseExcel() parseE.loadWorkBook(file_path) sheetObj = parseE.getSheetByName("API") activeList = parseE.getColumn(sheetObj, API_active) for idx, cell in enumerate(activeList[1:], 2): if cell.value == "y": #須要被執行 RowObj = parseE.getRow(sheetObj, idx) apiName = RowObj[API_apiName -1].value requestUrl = RowObj[API_requestUrl - 1].value requestMethod = RowObj[API_requestMothod - 1].value paramsType = RowObj[API_paramsType - 1].value apiTestCaseFileName = RowObj[API_apiTestCaseFileName - 1].value # 下一步讀取用例sheet表,準備執行測試用例 caseSheetObj = parseE.getSheetByName(apiTestCaseFileName) caseActiveObj = parseE.getColumn(caseSheetObj, CASE_active) for c_idx, col in enumerate(caseActiveObj[1:], 2): if col.value == "y": #須要執行的用例 caseRowObj = parseE.getRow(caseSheetObj, c_idx) requestData = caseRowObj[CASE_requestData - 1].value relyData = caseRowObj[CASE_relyData - 1].value responseCode = caseRowObj[CASE_responseCode - 1].value responseData = caseRowObj[CASE_responseData - 1].value dataStore = caseRowObj[CASE_dataStore -1].value checkPoint = caseRowObj[CASE_checkPoint - 1].value #發送接口請求以前須要作一下數據依賴的處理 if relyData: logging.info("處理第%s個接口的第%s條用例的數據依賴!") requestData = GetRely.get(eval(requestData), eval(relyData)) httpC = HttpClient() response = httpC.request(requestMethod=requestMethod, requestData=requestData, requestUrl=requestUrl, paramsType=paramsType ) # 獲取到響應結果後,接下來進行數據依賴存儲邏輯實現 if response.status_code == 200: responseData = response.json() # 進行依賴數據存儲 if dataStore: RelyDataStore.do(eval(dataStore), apiName, c_idx - 1, eval(requestData), responseData) # 接下來就是校驗結果 else: logging.info("接口【%s】的第【%s】條用例,不須要進行依賴數據存儲!" %(apiName, c_idx)) if checkPoint: errorKey = CheckResult.check(response, eval(checkPoint)) write_result(parseE, caseSheetObj, responseData, errorKey, c_idx) else: logging.info("接口【%s】的第【%s】條用例,執行失敗,接口協議code非200!" %(apiName, c_idx)) else: logging.info("第%s個接口的第%s條用例,被忽略執行!" %(idx -1, c_idx-1)) else: logging.info("第%s行的接口被忽略執行!" %(idx -1)) if __name__=="__main__": main()
框架待完善,請你們多多指教~以上內容但願對你有幫助,有被幫助到的朋友歡迎點贊,評論。