nginx php-fpm安裝配置 CentOS編譯安裝php7.2

 

CentOS編譯安裝php7.2

介紹:php

久聞php7的速度以及性能那但是比php5系列的任何一版本都要快,具體性能有多好,建議仍是先嚐試下再說。若是你是升級或新安裝,那你首先須要考慮php7和程序是否存在兼容性,若是程序是基於php5開發的,那麼就須要考慮php7是否適合你當前的生產環境,今天我就實操並安裝用於生產中。html

先安裝php依賴包,不然在編譯安裝php7的過程中會出現各類報錯,安裝完成後便可進入下一個環節。mysql

 

 安裝擴展包並更新系統內核:nginx

yum install epel-release -y
yum update

安裝php依賴組件(包含Nginx依賴):c++

yum -y install wget vim pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel libicu-devel gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap jemalloc-devel cmake boost-devel bison automake libevent libevent-devel gd gd-devel libtool* libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mcrypt mhash libxslt libxslt-devel readline readline-devel gmp gmp-devel libcurl libcurl-devel openjpeg-devel

建立用戶和組,並下載php安裝包解壓:web

cd /tmp
groupadd www
useradd -g www www
wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.1.tar.gz
tar xvf php-7.2.1.tar.gz
cd php-7.2.1

設置變量並開始源碼編譯:sql

cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-7.2.1 \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-7.2.1/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=www \
--with-fpm-group=www \
--enable-mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir \
--enable-xml \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curl \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-intl \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-libmbfl \
--enable-ftp \
--with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl \
--with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets \
--with-xmlrpc \
--enable-zip \
--enable-soap \
--with-gettext \
--disable-fileinfo \
--enable-opcache \
--with-pear \
--enable-maintainer-zts \
--with-ldap=shared \
--without-gdbm \
--with-iconv=/usr/local/

問題:make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi.exe] Error 1shell

最近遇到一個問題,在安裝PHP的時候,make步驟出現這樣的錯:ubuntu

ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_appendl':
/home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:337: undefined reference to `_iconv'
/home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:374: undefined reference to `_iconv'
ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_strlen':
/home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:615: undefined reference to `_iconv'
ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_substr':
/home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:736: undefined reference to `_iconv'
ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_string':
/home/r/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:501: undefined reference to `_iconv'
ext/iconv/iconv.o:/var/src/php-5.3.3/ext/iconv/iconv.c:521: more undefined references to `_iconv' follow
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi.exe] Error 1

這樣是make不成功的,這是由於機器上沒有安裝iconv,安裝後再編繹便可,個人解決步驟是這樣的:vim

先安裝iconv:

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install

接下來再編繹php的時候加上–with-iconv=/usr/local/ 便可:

--with-iconv=/usr/local/

 

若無報錯執行下一步安裝,若是編譯過程當中出現錯誤,根據報錯安裝依賴包,一般不會出現這種問題。

注意:–enable-gd-jis-conv  此參數會致使Zabbix中文字符亂碼,建議取消。

開始安裝:

make -j 4 && make install

完成安裝後配置php.ini文件:

cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

修改 php.ini 相關參數:

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
expose_php = Off
short_open_tag = ON
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
memory_limit = 128M
post_max_size = 32M
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
mbstring.func_overload=2
extension = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20170718/ldap.so"

#OPcache 緩存
[opcache]
zend_extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20170718/opcache.so
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
opcache.fast_shutdown=1
opcache.enable_cli=1

#設置php安全函數
disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,popen,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru


#配置www.conf
listen = /var/run/www/php-cgi.sock
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0660
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
pm = dynamic
listen.backlog = -1
pm.max_children = 180
pm.start_servers = 50
pm.min_spare_servers = 50
pm.max_spare_servers = 180
request_terminate_timeout = 120
request_slowlog_timeout = 50
slowlog = var/log/slow.log

配置www.conf

listen = /var/run/www/php-cgi.sock
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0660
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
pm = dynamic
listen.backlog = -1
pm.max_children = 180
pm.start_servers = 50
pm.min_spare_servers = 50
pm.max_spare_servers = 180
request_terminate_timeout = 120
request_slowlog_timeout = 50
slowlog = var/log/slow.log

建立php-cgi.sock存放目錄

mkdir /var/run/www/
chown -R www:www /var/run/www

配置php-fpm.conf

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

取下如下注釋並填寫完整路徑:

pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

至此php7已經安裝完成。

說明:禁用php函數,若是程序須要這些函數,能夠取消禁止,新手建議忽略此步驟。

建立system系統單元文件php-fpm啓動腳本:

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service

添加以下變量內容:

[Unit]
Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile=/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

啓動php-fpm服務並加入開機自啓動:

systemctl enable php-fpm.service
systemctl restart php-fpm.service

 

 

nginx php-fpm安裝配置

nginx自己不能處理PHP,它只是個web服務器,當接收到請求後,若是是php請求,則發給php解釋器處理,並把結果返回給客戶端。

nginx通常是把請求發fastcgi管理進程處理,fascgi管理進程選擇cgi子進程處理結果並返回被nginx

本文以php-fpm爲例介紹如何使nginx支持PHP

1、編譯安裝php-fpm

什麼是PHP-FPM

PHP-FPM是一個PHP FastCGI管理器,是隻用於PHP的,能夠在 http://php-fpm.org/download下載獲得.

PHP-FPM實際上是PHP源代碼的一個補丁,旨在將FastCGI進程管理整合進PHP包中。必須將它patch到你的PHP源代碼中,在編譯安裝PHP後纔可使用。

新版PHP已經集成php-fpm了,再也不是第三方的包了,推薦使用。PHP-FPM提供了更好的PHP進程管理方式,能夠有效控制內存和進程、能夠平滑重載PHP配置,比spawn-fcgi具備更多優勢,因此被PHP官方收錄了。在./configure的時候帶 –enable-fpm參數便可開啓PHP-FPM,其它參數都是配置php的,具體選項含義能夠查看這裏

安裝前準備
centos下執行

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make
 
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ glibc
 
yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel libxslt-devel 
libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel 
zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel 
ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel 
krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel

新版php-fpm安裝(推薦安裝方式)

wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.7.tar.gz
tar zvxf php-5.4.7.tar.gz
cd php-5.4.7

  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-5.4.7 --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt \
  --enable-mbstring --disable-pdo --with-curl --disable-debug --disable-rpath \
  --enable-inline-optimization --with-bz2 --with-zlib --enable-sockets \
  --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex \
  --with-mhash --enable-zip --with-pcre-regex --with-mysql --with-mysqli \
  --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir

make all install

舊版手動打補丁php-fpm安裝(舊版程序已經沒有了,你們新版的吧,這裏作個展現)
wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
tar zvxf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1
cd php-5.2.17
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php -with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc
-with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
-with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config -with-openssl -enable-fpm -enable-mbstring
-with-freetype-dir -with-jpeg-dir -with-png-dir -with-zlib-dir -with-libxml-dir=/usr -enable-xml
-with-mhash -with-mcrypt -enable-pcntl -enable-sockets  -with-bz2 -with-curl -with-curlwrappers
-enable-mbregex -with-gd -enable-gd-native-ttf -enable-zip -enable-soap -with-iconv -enable-bcmath
-enable-shmop -enable-sysvsem -enable-inline-optimization -with-ldap -with-ldap-sasl -enable-pdo
-with-pdo-mysql
make all install

以上兩種方式均可以安裝php-fpm,安裝後內容放在/usr/local/php目錄下

以上就完成了php-fpm的安裝。

下面是對php-fpm運行用戶進行設置

cd /usr/local/php
cp etc/php-fpm.conf.default etc/php-fpm.conf
vi etc/php-fpm.conf

修改
user = www-data
group = www-data

若是www-data用戶不存在,那麼先添加www-data用戶
groupadd www-data
useradd -g www-data www-data

2、編譯安裝nginx

而後按照http://www.nginx.cn/install 安裝nginx

3、修改nginx配置文件以支持php-fpm

nginx安裝完成後,修改nginx配置文件爲,nginx.conf

其中server段增長以下配置,注意標紅內容配置,不然會出現No input file specified.錯誤

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ .php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

4、建立測試php文件

建立php文件

在/usr/local/nginx/html下建立index.php文件,輸入以下內容

<?php
    echo phpinfo();
?>

5、啓動服務

啓動php-fpm和nginx

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm 
#手動打補丁的啓動方式/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
 
sudo /usr/local/nginx/nginx

php-fpm關閉重啓見文章結尾

6、瀏覽器訪問

訪問http://你的服務器ip/index.php,皆能夠見到php信息了。

問題:爲何你的 phpinfo() 沒法顯示(空白)

php --ini 查看php.ini的路徑

打開

short_open_tag = On

安裝php-fpm時可能遇到的錯誤:

1. php configure時出錯

configure: error: XML configuration could not be found

apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev  (ubuntu下)
yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel(centos下)

2. Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution

wget http://www.bzip.org/1.0.5/bzip2-1.0.5.tar.gz
tar -zxvf bzip2-1.0.5.tar.gz
cd bzip2-1.0.5
make
make install

3. php的配置文件中有一行--with-mysql=/usr
安裝的時候提示:
configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under yes.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore.

這是因爲安裝mysql時沒有安裝mysql頭文件,或者是路徑指定不正確,php找不到mysql的頭文件引發的錯誤提示。
解決方法。
(1.) 查看你的系統有沒有安裝mysql header
find / -name mysql.h
若是有。請指定--with-mysql=/跟你的正常路徑。
若是沒有。請看下一步。
(2.)redhat安裝
rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-4.1.12-1.i386.rpm
(3.)ubuntu安裝
apt-get install libmysqlclient15-dev
(4.)最後一步php的配置選項添加--with-mysql=/usr便可!

4.No input file specified.

location ~ .php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

5. 若是php configure時缺庫,能夠先安裝庫(ubuntu下)

sudo apt-get install make bison flex gcc patch autoconf subversion locate
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libbz2-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev libmhash2 libcurl4-openssl-dev libpq-dev libpq5 libsyck0-dev

6. mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt

apt-get install libmcrypt-dev

或者

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://softlayer.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install

7. php-fpm 5.4.7 如何關閉 重啓?

php 5.4.7 下的php-fpm 再也不支持 php-fpm 之前具備的 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm (start|stop|reload)等命令,須要使用信號控制:

master進程能夠理解如下信號

INT, TERM 馬上終止 QUIT 平滑終止 USR1 從新打開日誌文件 USR2 平滑重載全部worker進程並從新載入配置和二進制模塊

示例:

php-fpm 關閉:

kill -INT cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

php-fpm 重啓:

kill -USR2 cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

查看php-fpm進程數:

ps aux | grep -c php-fpm

8.命令行下執行php,提示找不到命令

-bash: /usr/bin/php: No such file or directory

vi /etc/profile

在文件底部增長一行配置
export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH

保存退出

source /etc/profile

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