ElasticSearch 數據操做
1.插入數據
URL規則：spa
POST /{索引}/{類型}/{ID}rest
ID:能夠不傳遞，有則使用替代系統的_id，沒有則系統生成_id。code
1.1 指定ID
數據：blog
POST /haoke/user/1001
{
"id":1001,
"name":"張三",
"age":20,
"sex":"男"
}
響應：索引
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_version": 1,#版本信息
"result": "created", #結果
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
1.2 不指定id插入數據：
POST /haoke/user
{
"name":"李四",
"age":23,
"sex":"男"
}
響應：ip
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 1,
"_primary_term": 1
}
說明：非結構化的索引，不須要事先建立，直接插入數據默認建立索引。ci
2.更新數據
2.1 覆蓋更新
在Elasticsearch中，文檔數據是不可修改的，可是能夠經過覆蓋的方式進行更新。文檔
PUT /haoke/user/1001
{
"id":1001,
"name":"張三",
"age":21,
"sex":"女"
}
更新結果以下：it
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 2, #版本進行了+1
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 2,
"_primary_term": 2
}
注意 _version 增長了1io
2.2 局部更新數據
原理
在內部，依然會查詢到這個文檔數據，而後進行覆蓋操做，步驟以下：
1. 從舊文檔中檢索JSON
2. 修改它
3. 刪除舊文檔
4. 索引新文檔
示例
#注意：這裏多了_update標識
POST /haoke/user/1001/_update
{
"doc":{
"age":23
}
}
結果
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 3,
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 3,
"_primary_term": 2
}
4.刪除數據
只需發起DELETE請求便可
DELETE /haoke/user/e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"_version": 2,
"result": "deleted",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 4,
"_primary_term": 2
}
狀態 "result": "deleted",
再次請求
GET /haoke/user/e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"found": false
}
注意，result表示已經刪除，version 也會加1
刪除不存在的數據會返回 result: not_found
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"_version": 1,
"result": "not_found",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 5,
"_primary_term": 2
}
說明：
刪除一個文檔也不會當即從磁盤上移除，它只是被標記成已刪除。Elasticsearch將會在你以後添加更多索引的
時候纔會在後臺進行刪除內容的清理
5.搜索數據
5.1 根據id搜索數據
GET /haoke/user/1001
#返回結果
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 3,
"_seq_no": 3,
"_primary_term": 2,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "張三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
}
5.2 查詢所有數據
默認返回10條數據
GET /haoke/user/_search
#返回結果
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 2,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "張三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}, {
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "張三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
}]
}
}
5.3 根據關鍵字搜索數據
GET /haoke/user/_search?q=age:20
#返回結果
{
"took": 34,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "張三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}]
}
}
6.DSL搜索
Elasticsearch提供豐富且靈活的查詢語言叫作DSL查詢(Query DSL),它容許你構建更加複雜、強大的查詢。
DSL(Domain Specific Language特定領域語言)以JSON請求體的形式出現。
6.1 示例1：年齡等於20
POST /haoke/user/_search
#請求體
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"age" : 20
}
}
}
#響應
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "張三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}]
}
}
6.2. 示例2：查詢年齡大於10歲的男性用戶
POST /haoke/user/_search
#查詢結構體
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"gt": 10
}
}
},
"must": {
"match": {
"sex": "男"
}
}
}
}
}
#返回結構
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.4700036,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 0.4700036,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "uVMLg3UBapAzpGN_EqoA",
"_score": 0.4700036,
"_source": {
"id": 1004,
"name": "王五",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "張三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}
]
}
}
filter: 過濾
must:匹配
6.3 全文搜索
POST /haoke/user/_search
# 查詢體
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"張三 李四"
}
}
}
# 返回
{
"took": 7,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.9616582,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "張三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "張三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}
]
}
}
7.高亮顯示
在query下面增長 highlight
POST /haoke/user/_search
#查詢結構
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "張三 李四"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"name": {}
}
}
}
#返回
{
"took": 55,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.9616582,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "張三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
},
"highlight": {
"name": [
"<em>張</em><em>三</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "張三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
},
"highlight": {
"name": [
"<em>張</em><em>三</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
},
"highlight": {
"name": [
"<em>李</em><em>四</em>"
]
}
}
]
}
}
8.聚合
在Elasticsearch中，支持聚合操做，相似SQL中的group by操做
POST /haoke/user/_search
#查詢
{
"aggs": {
"all_interests": {
"terms": {
"field": "age"
}
}
}
}
#返回
{
"took": 19,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "張三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "wFMMg3UBapAzpGN_9aoN",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1005,
"name": "趙六",
"age": 32,
"sex": "女"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "w1MNg3UBapAzpGN_j6qI",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1005,
"name": "孫七",
"age": 33,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "張三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "uVMLg3UBapAzpGN_EqoA",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1004,
"name": "王五",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}
]
},
"aggregations": {
"all_interests": {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
"sum_other_doc_count": 0,
"buckets": [
{
"key": 20,
"doc_count": 3
},
{
"key": 23,
"doc_count": 1
},
{
"key": 32,
"doc_count": 1
},
{
"key": 33,
"doc_count": 1
}
]
}
}
}
年齡 20有3條，23有1條...