張季躍 201771010139《面向對象程序設計(java)》第十七週學習總結

張季躍 201771010139《面向對象程序設計(java)》第十七周學習總結java

二.實驗部分:編程

一、實驗目的與要求多線程

(1) 掌握線程同步的概念及實現技術;併發

(2) 線程綜合編程練習dom

二、實驗內容和步驟ide

實驗1:測試程序並進行代碼註釋。學習

測試程序1:測試

l 在Elipse環境下調試教材651頁程序14-7,結合程序運行結果理解程序;this

l 掌握利用鎖對象和條件對象實現的多線程同步技術。spa

實驗代碼:

 

package synch;

import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;

/**
 * A bank with a number of bank accounts that uses locks for serializing access.
 * @version 1.30 2004-08-01
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class Bank
{
   private final double[] accounts;
   private Lock bankLock;
   private Condition sufficientFunds;

   /**
    * Constructs the bank.
    * @param n the number of accounts
    * @param initialBalance the initial balance for each account
    */
   public Bank(int n, double initialBalance)
   {
      accounts = new double[n];
      Arrays.fill(accounts, initialBalance);
      bankLock = new ReentrantLock();
      sufficientFunds = bankLock.newCondition();
   }

   /**
    * Transfers money from one account to another.
    * @param from the account to transfer from
    * @param to the account to transfer to
    * @param amount the amount to transfer
    */
   public void transfer(int from, int to, double amount) throws InterruptedException
   {
      bankLock.lock();
      try
      {
         while (accounts[from] < amount)
            sufficientFunds.await();
         System.out.print(Thread.currentThread());
         accounts[from] -= amount;
         System.out.printf(" %10.2f from %d to %d", amount, from, to);
         accounts[to] += amount;
         System.out.printf(" Total Balance: %10.2f%n", getTotalBalance());
         sufficientFunds.signalAll();
      }
      finally
      {
         bankLock.unlock();
      }
   }

   /**
    * Gets the sum of all account balances.
    * @return the total balance
    */
   public double getTotalBalance()
   {
      bankLock.lock();
      try
      {
         double sum = 0;

         for (double a : accounts)
            sum += a;

         return sum;
      }
      finally
      {
         bankLock.unlock();
      }
   }

   /**
    * Gets the number of accounts in the bank.
    * @return the number of accounts
    */
   public int size()
   {
      return accounts.length;
   }
}

 

package synch;

/**
 * This program shows how multiple threads can safely access a data structure.
 * @version 1.31 2015-06-21
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class SynchBankTest
{
   public static final int NACCOUNTS = 100;
   public static final double INITIAL_BALANCE = 1000;
   public static final double MAX_AMOUNT = 1000;
   public static final int DELAY = 10;
   
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      Bank bank = new Bank(NACCOUNTS, INITIAL_BALANCE);
      for (int i = 0; i < NACCOUNTS; i++)
      {
         int fromAccount = i;
         Runnable r = () -> {
            try
            {
               while (true)
               {
                  int toAccount = (int) (bank.size() * Math.random());
                  double amount = MAX_AMOUNT * Math.random();
                  bank.transfer(fromAccount, toAccount, amount);
                  Thread.sleep((int) (DELAY * Math.random()));
               }
            }
            catch (InterruptedException e)
            {
            }            
         };
         Thread t = new Thread(r);
         t.start();
      }
   }
}

 

 

實驗結果:

 

 

測試程序2:

l 在Elipse環境下調試教材655頁程序14-8,結合程序運行結果理解程序;

l 掌握synchronized在多線程同步中的應用。

實驗代碼:

 

package synch2;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * A bank with a number of bank accounts that uses synchronization primitives.
 * @version 1.30 2004-08-01
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class Bank
{
   private final double[] accounts;

   /**
    * Constructs the bank.
    * @param n the number of accounts
    * @param initialBalance the initial balance for each account
    */
   public Bank(int n, double initialBalance)
   {
      accounts = new double[n];
      Arrays.fill(accounts, initialBalance);
   }

   /**
    * Transfers money from one account to another.
    * @param from the account to transfer from
    * @param to the account to transfer to
    * @param amount the amount to transfer
    */
   public synchronized void transfer(int from, int to, double amount) throws InterruptedException
   {
      while (accounts[from] < amount)
         wait();
      System.out.print(Thread.currentThread());
      accounts[from] -= amount;
      System.out.printf(" %10.2f from %d to %d", amount, from, to);
      accounts[to] += amount;
      System.out.printf(" Total Balance: %10.2f%n", getTotalBalance());
      notifyAll();
   }

   /**
    * Gets the sum of all account balances.
    * @return the total balance
    */
   public synchronized double getTotalBalance()
   {
      double sum = 0;

      for (double a : accounts)
         sum += a;

      return sum;
   }

   /**
    * Gets the number of accounts in the bank.
    * @return the number of accounts
    */
   public int size()
   {
      return accounts.length;
   }
}

 

package synch2;

/**
 * This program shows how multiple threads can safely access a data structure,
 * using synchronized methods.
 * @version 1.31 2015-06-21
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class SynchBankTest2
{
   public static final int NACCOUNTS = 100;
   public static final double INITIAL_BALANCE = 1000;
   public static final double MAX_AMOUNT = 1000;
   public static final int DELAY = 10;

   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      Bank bank = new Bank(NACCOUNTS, INITIAL_BALANCE);
      for (int i = 0; i < NACCOUNTS; i++)
      {
         int fromAccount = i;
         Runnable r = () -> {
            try
            {
               while (true)
               {
                  int toAccount = (int) (bank.size() * Math.random());
                  double amount = MAX_AMOUNT * Math.random();
                  bank.transfer(fromAccount, toAccount, amount);
                  Thread.sleep((int) (DELAY * Math.random()));
               }
            }
            catch (InterruptedException e)
            {
            }
         };
         Thread t = new Thread(r);
         t.start();
      }
   }
}

 

 

實驗結果:

 

 

測試程序3:

l 在Elipse環境下運行如下程序,結合程序運行結果分析程序存在問題;

l 嘗試解決程序中存在問題。

class Cbank

{

     private static int s=2000;

     public   static void sub(int m)

     {

           int temp=s;

           temp=temp-m;

          try {

     Thread.sleep((int)(1000*Math.random()));

   }

           catch (InterruptedException e)  {              }

          s=temp;

          System.out.println("s="+s);

  }

}

 

 

class Customer extends Thread

{

  public void run()

  {

   for( int i=1; i<=4; i++)

     Cbank.sub(100);

    }

 }

public class Thread3

{

 public static void main(String args[])

  {

   Customer customer1 = new Customer();

   Customer customer2 = new Customer();

   customer1.start();

   customer2.start();

  }

}

實驗代碼:

 

class Cbank
{
     private static int s=2000;
     public  synchronized  static void sub(int m)
     {
           int temp=s;
           temp=temp-m;
          try {
                 Thread.sleep((int)(1000*Math.random()));
               }
           catch (InterruptedException e)  {              }
              s=temp;
              System.out.println("s="+s);
          }
    }


class Customer extends Thread
{
  public void run()
  {
   for( int i=1; i<=4; i++)
     Cbank.sub(100);
    }
 }
public class Thread3
{
 public static void main(String args[])
  {
   Customer customer1 = new Customer();
   Customer customer2 = new Customer();
   customer1.start();
   customer2.start();
  }
}

 

 

 

實驗結果:

 

 

實驗2 編程練習

利用多線程及同步方法,編寫一個程序模擬火車票售票系統,共3個窗口,賣10張票,程序輸出結果相似(程序輸出不惟一,能夠是其餘相似結果)。

Thread-0窗口售:第1張票

Thread-0窗口售:第2張票

Thread-1窗口售:第3張票

Thread-2窗口售:第4張票

Thread-2窗口售:第5張票

Thread-1窗口售:第6張票

Thread-0窗口售:第7張票

Thread-2窗口售:第8張票

Thread-1窗口售:第9張票

Thread-0窗口售:第10張票

實驗代碼:

 

public class 實驗程序2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Mythread mythread = new Mythread();
        Thread ticket1 = new Thread(mythread);
        Thread ticket2 = new Thread(mythread);
        Thread ticket3 = new Thread(mythread);
        ticket1.start();
        ticket2.start();
        ticket3.start();
    }
}

class Mythread implements Runnable {
    int ticket = 1;
    boolean flag = true;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (flag) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(500);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            synchronized (this) {
                if (ticket <= 10) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "窗口售:第" + ticket + "張票");
                    ticket++;
                }
                if (ticket > 10) {
                    flag = false;
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

 

 

 

實驗結果:

 

 

三.實驗總結:

本週的實驗是最後一次實驗,也是從開學到如今對我來講最簡單的一次實驗,在這一次的實驗中我主要加深了對於多線程的瞭解,知道了併發多線程的解決方法。最後,再一次對學長這個學期的講解表示感謝。

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