字符集UTF-8MB4 MySQL utf8mb4 字符集,用於存儲emoji表情

字符集UTF-8MB4html

utf8mb4兼容utf8,且比utf8能表示更多的字符。
看unicode編碼區
從1 ~ 126就屬於傳統utf8區,固然utf8mb4也兼容這個區,126行如下就是utf8mb4擴充區,何時你須要存儲那些字符,你才用utf8mb4,不然只是浪費空間。mysql

 

官方地址:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/charset-unicode-utf8mb4.htmlsql

 

MySQL 要存儲emoji表情,所以發現咱們經常使用的utf8 字符集根本沒法存儲表情。數據庫

 

首先將咱們數據庫默認字符集由utf8 更改成utf8mb4,對應的表默認字符集也更改成utf8mb4  已經存儲表情的字段默認字符集也作了相應的調整。app

SQL 語句測試

1 # 修改數據庫:  
2 ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_unicode_ci;  
3 # 修改表:  
4 ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;  
5 # 修改表字段:  
6 ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name column_name VARCHAR(191) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;  

 

修改MySQL配置文件編碼

新增以下參數:url

 1 [client]  
 2 default-character-set = utf8mb4  
 3   
 4 [mysql]  
 5 default-character-set = utf8mb4  
 6   
 7 [mysqld]  
 8 character-set-client-handshake = FALSE  
 9 character-set-server = utf8mb4  
10 collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci  
11 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'  

 

檢查環境變量 和測試 SQL 以下:spa

 1 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';  
 2 +--------------------------+--------------------+  
 3 | Variable_name            | Value              |  
 4 +--------------------------+--------------------+  
 5 | character_set_client    | utf8mb4            |  
 6 | character_set_connection | utf8mb4            |  
 7 | character_set_database  | utf8mb4            |  
 8 | character_set_filesystem | binary            |  
 9 | character_set_results    | utf8mb4            |  
10 | character_set_server    | utf8mb4            |  
11 | character_set_system    | utf8              |  
12 | collation_connection    | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |  
13 | collation_database      | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |  
14 | collation_server        | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |  
15 +--------------------------+--------------------+  
16  rows in set (0.00 sec)  

MySQL版本必須爲5.5.3以上版本,不然不支持字符集utf8mb4.net

 

測試,以下修改亦可

 

 

項目中的配置文件以下修改

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://***.***.***.***:3306/fsmp?useSSL=false
jdbc.username=***
jdbc.password=***

 數據庫鏈接池配置

 

參考文獻:

http://blog.arkency.com/2015/05/how-to-store-emoji-in-a-rails-app-with-a-mysql-database/

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