tomcat源碼分析(三)一次http請求的旅行apache
在http請求旅行以前,咱們先來準備下咱們所須要的工具。首先要說的就是Connector,其做爲Service的子容器,承擔着http請求的核心功能。那咱們先來準備下一啊吧。數組
咱們知道一次網絡請求過來以後,從網絡的角度來看,是通過物理層→鏈路層→網絡層->傳輸層->應用層,以下圖所示。tomcat
咱們所熟知的的Socket處於TCP(傳輸層),操做系統爲咱們提供來一套API來操做Socket,而tomcat其任務就是針對傳輸層過來的Socket進行包裝,並實現應用層的協議,最多見的應用層協議應該算是http協議了。接下來就來具體看看tomcat是如何實現http協議(實際上tomcat還實現了ajp協議以及處理請求的。服務器
咱們這裏以最多見的BIO(阻塞試IO)的方式來分析。咱們先來看看tomcat是怎麼處理TCP鏈接的。在org.apche.tomcat.util.net包主要是用於處理網絡請求的,即對TCP的處理。網絡
首先咱們來看一下org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndPoint這個類。在Tomcat的對請求的設計當中,由專門的線程接受TCP鏈接,並直接將TCP鏈接轉交給工做線程。在AbstrctEndPoint中有一個抽象的靜態內部類咱們來一塊兒看一下。app
public abstract static class Acceptor implements Runnable { public enum AcceptorState { NEW, RUNNING, PAUSED, ENDED } protected volatile AcceptorState state = AcceptorState.NEW; public final AcceptorState getState() { return state; } private String threadName; protected final void setThreadName(final String threadName) { this.threadName = threadName; } protected final String getThreadName() { return threadName; } }
能夠看出在這個靜態內部類中並無實現run()方法,其實現交給子類來實現。在Tomcat中實際定義來一個 Acceptor數組來表示一組接受TCP鏈接的線程。咱們在簡單看一下其啓動這個接受線程的代碼實現。socket
protected final void startAcceptorThreads() { int count = getAcceptorThreadCount(); acceptors = new Acceptor[count]; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { acceptors[i] = createAcceptor(); String threadName = getName() + "-Acceptor-" + i; acceptors[i].setThreadName(threadName); Thread t = new Thread(acceptors[i], threadName); t.setPriority(getAcceptorThreadPriority()); t.setDaemon(getDaemon()); t.start(); } }
其中count這個咱們是能夠在server.xml中去配置的,通常狀況下,會配置1-2。也就是說接受TCP鏈接的線程也只是1-2個。ide
說到這裏,咱們也應該來講重點來,就是接受線程是如何具體工做的,咱們來看JIOEndPoint,這個類是AbstractEndPoint的子類,也是設計來處理TCP鏈接的,這個類實現了一個簡單的服務器,會有一到2個監聽線程來監聽Socket,對於每個TCP鏈接,都會從建立一個工做線程來處理。工具
剛剛咱們說道AbstractEndPoint中的抽象靜態內部類Acceptor,在其子類JIOEndPoint中也存在一個內部類,繼承自Acceptor,並實現來run();方法。咱們來看一下。oop
protected class Acceptor extends AbstractEndpoint.Acceptor { @Override public void run() { int errorDelay = 0; // Loop until we receive a shutdown command while (running) { // Loop if endpoint is paused while (paused && running) { state = AcceptorState.PAUSED; try { Thread.sleep(50); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // Ignore } } if (!running) { break; } state = AcceptorState.RUNNING; try { //if we have reached max connections, wait countUpOrAwaitConnection(); Socket socket = null; try { // Accept the next incoming connection from the server // socket socket = serverSocketFactory.acceptSocket(serverSocket); } catch (IOException ioe) { countDownConnection(); // Introduce delay if necessary errorDelay = handleExceptionWithDelay(errorDelay); // re-throw throw ioe; } // Successful accept, reset the error delay errorDelay = 0; // Configure the socket if (running && !paused && setSocketOptions(socket)) { // Hand this socket off to an appropriate processor if (!processSocket(socket)) { countDownConnection(); // Close socket right away closeSocket(socket); } } else { countDownConnection(); // Close socket right away closeSocket(socket); } } catch (IOException x) { if (running) { log.error(sm.getString("endpoint.accept.fail"), x); } } catch (NullPointerException npe) { if (running) { log.error(sm.getString("endpoint.accept.fail"), npe); } } catch (Throwable t) { ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t); log.error(sm.getString("endpoint.accept.fail"), t); } } state = AcceptorState.ENDED; } }
其核心在接收到TCP鏈接以後,即在接收到Socket,會調用processSocket(Socket socket);這個方法。咱們再來關注一下這個方法。
protected boolean processSocket(Socket socket) { // Process the request from this socket try { SocketWrapper<Socket> wrapper = new SocketWrapper<Socket>(socket); wrapper.setKeepAliveLeft(getMaxKeepAliveRequests()); wrapper.setSecure(isSSLEnabled()); // During shutdown, executor may be null - avoid NPE if (!running) { return false; } getExecutor().execute(new SocketProcessor(wrapper)); } catch (RejectedExecutionException x) { log.warn("Socket processing request was rejected for:"+socket,x); return false; } catch (Throwable t) { ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t); // This means we got an OOM or similar creating a thread, or that // the pool and its queue are full log.error(sm.getString("endpoint.process.fail"), t); return false; } return true; }
其核心代碼在於 getExecutor().execute(new SocketProcessor(wrapper));getExecutor()會返回Executor對象(在AbstractEndPoint中createExecutor()創建了線程池),由線程池中的線程來處理該Socket。咱們再來看一下SocketProccessor這個在JIOEndPoint中的內部類,這個類(注意此時已經在工做線程之中)中核心代碼
if ((state != SocketState.CLOSED)) { if (status == null) { state = handler.process(socket, SocketStatus.OPEN_READ); } else { state = handler.process(socket,status); } }
從中咱們能夠看到實際處理又交給來Handler來處理,那麼Handler怎麼處理的,咱們會在下一節當中具體闡述。這一節就先講述到這裏,下一節會講述handler具體處理過程。