makefile的一個錯誤:*** missing separator

原文轉自:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_87c063060101c9yp.htmlhtml

一、在寫 多目錄下makefile的時候,碰到一個錯誤提示,讓我糾結許久,後面仍是解決了,這個錯誤不容易被發現。linux

二、錯誤提示以下:ui

Makefile:8: *** missing separator (did you mean TAB instead of 8 spaces?).  Stop.url

 

三、先來講一下我想幹什麼,有些什麼?spa

想幹什麼: 搭建一個Linux  LCD的裸機開發環境,注意是多目錄下面的,想寫 一個比較通用的makefile。code

 

有什麼:父目錄①←子目錄①(build目錄)、子目錄①(code目錄)htm

子目錄①(build目錄)←Makefile  make.ruleblog

子目錄①(code目錄)← 子目錄②(startup)、子目錄②(lib)、子目錄②(foo)、子目錄②(huge)ip

 

以下圖:開發

1.工程目錄下:

2012-10-21:makefile的一個錯誤:*** <wbr>missing <wbr>separator <wbr>(did <wbr>you <wbr>mean <wbr>

2.build 目錄下

2012-10-21:makefile的一個錯誤:*** <wbr>missing <wbr>separator <wbr>(did <wbr>you <wbr>mean <wbr>

3.code目錄下

2012-10-21:makefile的一個錯誤:*** <wbr>missing <wbr>separator <wbr>(did <wbr>you <wbr>mean <wbr>


4.code目錄下的子目錄都有2個子目錄: src目錄(存放.c文件) 、 include目錄(存放.h文件)


 

五、下面貼一下makefile的內容

a.  build下面的make.rule:


.PHONY:all clean

CC = arm-linux-gcc
LD = arm-linux-ld
AR = arm-linux-ar
ARFLAGS = crs
OBJCOPY = arm-linux-objcopy
OBJDUMP = arm-linux-objdump
CFLAGS := -Wall -O2

RM  = rm
RMFLAGS = -fr

 

export CC LD AR  RM RMFLAGS ARFLAGS OBJCOPY OBJDUMP CFLAGS

SRCS  = $(wildcard *.c)
ASS  = $(wildcard *.S)

OBJS := $(SRCS:.c=.o)
ASMS := $(ASS:.S=.o )
DEPS := $(SRCS:.c=.dep)

ifneq ("$(EXE)","")
EXE  := $(EXE)
RMS  += $(EXE)
endif

ifneq ("$(LIB)","")
LIB  := $(LIB)
RMS  += $(LIB)
endif

ifneq ($(INCLUDE_DIRS), "")
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(strip $(INCLUDE_DIRS))
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(addprefix -I, $(INCLUDE_DIRS))
endif

ifneq ($(LINK_LIBS), "")
LINK_LIBS := $(strip $(LINK_LIBS))

LIB_ALL := $(notdir $(wildcard $(DIR_LIB)/*))
LIB_FILTERED := $(addsffix %,$(addprefix lib, $(LINK_LIBS)))
$(evel DEP_LIBS = $(filter $(LIB_FILTERED), $(LIB_ALL) ) )
DEP_LIBS := $(addprefix $(DIR_LIBS)/, $(DEP_LIBS))

LINK_LIBS := $(addprefix -l, $(LINK_LIBS))
endif

 

all: $(EXE) $(LIB)

 

$(EXE):$(OBJS) $(LIB)
 $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -o $@ $^


$(LIB):$(ASMS) $(OBJS)   
 $(AR) -$(ARFLAGS) $@  $^

%.o : %.c
 $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -o $@ -c $<</P>

%.o : %.S
 $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -o $@ -c $<</P>


%.dep: %.c
 @echo "Creating $@ ..."
 @set -e;\
 $(RM) $(RMFLAGS) $@.tmp ;\
 $(CC) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -E -MM $(filter %.c, $^) > $@.tmp ; \
 sed 's,\(. *\)\.o[ :]*,objs/\1.o $@: ,g' < $@.tmp > $@ ; \
 $(RM) $(RMFLAGS) $@.tmp

clean:
 $(RM) $(RMFLAGS) *.bin  *.bak *.o *.dep  *.a

 

 

 

b.  build下面的 Makefile:

.PHONY: all clean  touch


ROOT = $(realpath ..)

#注意:由於 huge目錄下 是編譯 可執行文件(最終目標).因此對於 foo bar huge 這三個目錄,huge 須要放到 最後編譯。
DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/startup/src \
       $(ROOT)/code/lib/src     \
       $(ROOT)/code/foo/src     \
       $(ROOT)/code/huge/src
      
RM = rm
RMFLAGS = -fr
RMS = $(ROOT)/build/exes  $(ROOT)/build/libs

all clean:
 @set -e; \
 for dir in $(DIRS); \
 do \
 cd $$dir && $(MAKE) ROOT=$(ROOT) $@; \
 done
 
 @set -e;\
 if ["$(MAKECMDGOALS)" = "clean" ]; \
 then $(RM) $(RMFLAGS) $(RMS); fi
 @echo ""
 @echo ":-) Completed"
 @echo ""

touch:
 @echo "Processing ......"
 @find $(ROOT) -exec touch {} \;
 @echo ""
 @echo ":-)  Completed"
 @echo ""

 

c.huge/src  下面的 makefile:

  正確的寫法以下:


EXE = huge.bin

LIB =   

INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/huge/include    \
               $(ROOT)/code/startup/include \
               $(ROOT)/code/lib/include     \
               $(ROOT)/code/foo/include
                                          
                                          
LINK_LIBS = startup lib foo

include $(ROOT)/build/make.rule

 


d. startup/src 目錄下面Makefile的寫法:

#2012-10-21
EXE =   

LIB = libstartup.a


INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/startup/include \
               $(ROOT)/code/foo/include
LINK_LIBS = 

include $(ROOT)/build/make.rule
 

 

e.  foo/src 目錄下的Makefile :

#2012-10-21
EXE =   

LIB = libfoo.a


INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/foo/include
LINK_LIBS =    

include $(ROOT)/build/make.rule


 

f. lib/src 目錄下的Makefile :

#2012-10-21
EXE =   

LIB = liblib.a


INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/lib/include
LINK_LIBS = 

include $(ROOT)/build/make.rule
 

 

PS:咱們重點注意 咱們標色的 地方,其它地方不用看。

 

INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/huge/include \
$(ROOT)/code/startup/include \
$(ROOT)/code/lib/include \
$(ROOT)/code/foo/include

 

PS:在 huge目錄下的 C文件 包含了其它目錄下面的頭文件時(如 foo/include 下面的 2440addr.h),

main.c(假設在 huge/src下):

#include"2440addr.h"

#include"stdio.h"

............

 

像這樣子的 程序,頭文件 在 "別人的目錄下面" 你想用它  就必須 用 INCLUDE_DIRS =  去選擇它的 路徑,可是 它($(ROOT)/code/lib/include ) 必須寫在  $(ROOT)/code/huge/include   的後面。
若是 將 上面改爲 下面這樣,就會出現 "文章開始的錯誤了" :

 

 

INCLUDE_DIRS =$(ROOT)/code/lib/include \
$(ROOT)/code/startup/include \

$(ROOT)/code/huge/include \
$(ROOT)/code/foo/include

 

錯誤提示:Makefile:8: *** missing separator (did you mean TAB instead of 8 spaces?). Stop.

 

同理下面也是同樣的.

INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/startup/include \$(ROOT)/code/foo/include

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