解決windows7沒法鏈接CentOS7系統中oracle問題：ORA-12514 TNS 監聽程序當前沒法識別

時間 2019-12-14

標籤解決 windows7 windows 沒法鏈接 centos7 centos 系統 oracle 問題 ora tns 監聽程序當前識別欄目 Windows 简体版

原文原文鏈接

linux開啓後終端按下面輸入(容易忘記，記錄下)；mysql

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl stop #先關閉監聽服務linux

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start #開啓監聽服務sql

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba #登入數據庫

SQL> shutdown immediate #當即關閉數據庫服務（通常是關閉狀態）
SQL> startup #開啓數據庫服務（重要，必輸）服務器

SQL> exit #退出oracle

SQL> sqlplus scott/tiger@192.168.78.130/orcl #鏈接scott用戶app

SQL> select * from tab; #test查詢表tcp

解決問題：ORA-12514 TNS 監聽程序當前沒法識別鏈接描述符中請求服務工具

測試環境：CentOS-7 + Oracle 11g 64位測試

相關說明：

數據庫服務器：

Oracle11g64位軟件的安裝位置爲data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1，數據庫名爲默認的orcl,

CentOS7虛擬機的IP設置爲：192.168.78.130

Windows7客戶端：

1、PLSQL安裝位置：C:\Program Files\PLSQL Developer

InstantClient存放位置：C:\Program Files\PLSQL Developer\instantclient_11_2，並建立文件network，建立文件夾admin；

2.在C:\Program Files\PLSQL Developer\instantclient_11_2\network\admin新建tnsnames.ora,用記事本編輯.

ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 虛擬機IP)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
))

3.添加一個環境變量，名爲TNS_ADMIN，值爲tnsnames.ora文件所在路徑C:\Program Files\PLSQL Developer\instantclient_11_2\network\admin，plsql經過這個找到orcl鏈接字符串

4.添加一個環境變量NLS_LANG = SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

5.打開PLSQL,不用登錄,工具-首選項-ORACLE-鏈接:

勾選檢查鏈接
Oracle主目錄： C:\Program Files\PLSQL Developer\instantclient_11_2
OCI庫：C:\Program Files\PLSQL Developer\instantclient_11_2\network\admin\oci.dll

遇到問題：

使用plsql鏈接數據庫服務器：「ORA-12514 TNS 監聽程序當前沒法識別鏈接描述符中請求服務」

解決辦法簡述：

1.修改\data\oracle\product\11.2.0\db_1\network\admin\listener.ora中的localhost改成192.168.78.130

2.修改\data\oracle\product\11.2.0\db_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora中的localhost 改成 192.168.78.130

3.修改後，重啓oracle，監聽，並註冊，主win7上的plsql就能夠遠程鏈接虛擬機上的數據庫了.

具體操做步驟以下：

1、修改數據庫服務器中listener.ora文件內容

命令:

[oracle@localhost admin]$ vi /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
原始內容:

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /data/oracle

修改成：

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.78.130)(PORT = 1521)))
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /data/oracle

2、修改數據庫服務器中tnsnames.ora文件內容

命令:

[oracle@localhost admin]$ vi /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

原始內容:

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

修改後的內容：

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

orcl =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.78.130)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = orcl)

)

3、在數據庫服務器中啓動監聽並更新註冊

1、命令：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl stop #先關閉監聽服務

輸出：

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-FEB-2017 21:19:42

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.78.130)(PORT=1521)))

The command completed successfully

[oracle@localhost ~]$

2、命令：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start #開啓監聽服務
輸出:

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-FEB-2017 21:24:22

Starting /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.78.130)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.78.130)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 19-FEB-2017 21:24:22

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.78.130)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[oracle@localhost ~]$

3、命令：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba #登入

輸出：

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Feb 19 21:27:40 2017

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

命令：

SQL> shutdown immediate #當即關閉數據庫服務

輸出：

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>

命令:
SQL> startup #開啓數據庫服務

輸出：

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1586708480 bytes

Fixed Size 2213736 bytes

Variable Size 939526296 bytes

Database Buffers 637534208 bytes

Redo Buffers 7434240 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>

命令：
SQL> alter system register; #註冊

輸出：

System altered.

SQL>
命令：

SQL> quit #登出

輸出：

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@localhost ~]$

命令：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status #查看監聽狀態

輸出：

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-FEB-2017 21:37:20

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.78.130)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 19-FEB-2017 21:24:22

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 12 min. 57 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.78.130)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[oracle@localhost ~]$

4、Windows7客戶端下的測試步驟：使用plsqldev.exe測試，修改

C:\Program Files\PLSQL Developer\instantclient_11_2\network\admin \tnsnames.ora

文件，新增到虛擬機Oracle的鏈接內容

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

CentosOracle =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.78.130)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

運行plsql,使用SYS用戶登陸成功（我這裏使用scott用戶）

linux開啓後終端按下面輸入；

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl stop #先關閉監聽服務

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start #開啓監聽服務

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba #登入

SQL> shutdown immediate #當即關閉數據庫服務（通常是關閉狀態）
SQL> startup #開啓數據庫服務（重要，必輸）

SQL> exit #退出

SQL> sqlplus scott/tiger@192.168.78.130/orcl #鏈接scott用戶

SQL> select * from tab; #test查詢表

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