計算過程: 簡易口訣:離均差平方和的平均;方均根。
例如,對於一個有六個數的數集2,3,4,5,6,8,其標準差可經過如下步驟計算:
(1)計算平均值: (2 + 3 + 4 + 5+ 6 + 8)/6 = 30 /6 = 5
(2)計算方差: (2 – 5)^2 = (-3)^2= 9 (3 – 5)^2 = (-2)^2= 4 (4 – 5)^2 = (-1)^2= 0 (5 – 5)^2 = 0^2= 0 (6 – 5)^2 = 1^2= 1 (8 – 5)^2 = 3^2= 9
(3)計算平均方差: (9 + 4 + 0 + 0+ 1 + 9)/6 = 24/6 = 4
(4)計算標準差: √4 = 2