FeignClient接口如使用@PathVariable
,必須指定value屬性git
//在一些早期版本中, @PathVariable("id") 中的 "id" ,也就是value屬性,必須指定,不能省略。
@FeignClient("microservice-provider-user")
public interface UserFeignClient {
@RequestMapping(value = "/simple/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public User findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
...
}複製代碼
Java代碼自定義Feign Client的注意點與坑github
@FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user", configuration = UserFeignConfig.class)
public interface UserFeignClient {
@GetMapping("/users/{id}")
User findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}
/**
* 該Feign Client的配置類,注意:
* 1. 該類能夠獨立出去;
* 2. 該類上也可添加@Configuration聲明是一個配置類;
* 配置類上也可添加@Configuration註解,聲明這是一個配置類;
* 但此時千萬別將該放置在主應用程序上下文@ComponentScan所掃描的包中,
* 不然,該配置將會被全部Feign Client共享,沒法實現細粒度配置!
* 我的建議:像我同樣,不加@Configuration註解
*
* @author zhouli
*/
class UserFeignConfig {
@Bean
public Logger.Level logger() {
return Logger.Level.FULL;
}
}複製代碼
@FeignClient 註解屬性web
//@FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user")
//在早期的Spring Cloud版本中,無需提供name屬性,從Brixton版開始,@FeignClient必須提供name屬性,不然應用將沒法正常啓動!
//另外,name、url等屬性支持佔位符。例如:
@FeignClient(name = "${feign.name}", url = "${feign.url}")複製代碼
類級別的@RequestMapping會被Spring MVC加載spring
@RequestMapping("/users")
@FeignClient(name = "microservice-user")
public class TestFeignClient {
// ...
}複製代碼
類上的@RequestMapping
註解也會被Spring MVC加載。該問題現已經被解決,早期的版本有兩種解決方案:方案1:不在類上加@RequestMapping 註解;方案2:添加以下代碼:json
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Feign.class })
public class FeignMappingDefaultConfiguration {
@Bean
public WebMvcRegistrations feignWebRegistrations() {
return new WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter() {
@Override
public RequestMappingHandlerMapping getRequestMappingHandlerMapping() {
return new FeignFilterRequestMappingHandlerMapping();
}
};
}
private static class FeignFilterRequestMappingHandlerMapping extends RequestMappingHandlerMapping {
@Override
protected boolean isHandler(Class<?> beanType) {
return super.isHandler(beanType) && !beanType.isInterface();
}
}
}複製代碼
首次請求失敗Ribbon的飢餓加載(eager-load)模式性能優化
如需產生Hystrix Stream監控信息,須要作一些額外操做Feign自己已經整合了Hystrix,可直接使用@FeignClient(value = "microservice-provider-user", fallback = XXX.class)
來指定fallback類,fallback類繼承@FeignClient
所標註的接口便可。app
可是假設如需使用Hystrix Stream進行監控,默認狀況下,訪問http://IP:PORT/actuator/hystrix.stream 是會返回404,這是由於Feign雖然整合了Hystrix,但並無整合Hystrix的監控。如何添加監控支持呢?須要如下幾步:ide
第一步:添加依賴,示例:wordpress
<!-- 整合hystrix,其實feign中自帶了hystrix,引入該依賴主要是爲了使用其中的hystrix-metrics-event-stream,用於dashboard -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>複製代碼
第二步:在啓動類上添加@EnableCircuitBreaker 註解,示例:post
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class MovieFeignHystrixApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MovieFeignHystrixApplication.class, args);
}
}複製代碼
第三步:在application.yml中添加以下內容,暴露hystrix.stream端點:
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: 'hystrix.stream'複製代碼
這樣,訪問任意Feign Client接口的API後,再訪問http://IP:PORT/actuator/hystrix.stream ,就會展現一大堆Hystrix監控數據了。
原文連接:http://www.itmuch.com/spring-cloud-sum/feign-problems/
加依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.openfeign.form</groupId>
<artifactId>feign-form</artifactId>
<version>3.0.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.openfeign.form</groupId>
<artifactId>feign-form-spring</artifactId>
<version>3.0.3</version>
</dependency>複製代碼
編寫Feign Client
@FeignClient(name = "ms-content-sample", configuration = UploadFeignClient.MultipartSupportConfig.class)
public interface UploadFeignClient {
@RequestMapping(value = "/upload", method = RequestMethod.POST,
produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE},
consumes = MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
String handleFileUpload(@RequestPart(value = "file") MultipartFile file);
class MultipartSupportConfig {
@Bean
public Encoder feignFormEncoder() {
return new SpringFormEncoder();
}
}
}複製代碼
如代碼所示,在這個Feign Client中,咱們引用了配置類MultipartSupportConfig
,在MultipartSupportConfig
中,咱們實例化了SpringFormEncoder
。這樣這個Feign Client就可以上傳啦。
//RequestMapping註解中的produeces 、consumes 不能少;
@RequestMapping(value = "/upload", method = RequestMethod.POST,
produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE},
consumes = MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_VALUE)複製代碼
@RequestPart(value = "file")
不能寫成@RequestParam(value = "file")
。 原文連接:http://www.itmuch.com/spring-cloud-sum/spring-cloud-feign-upload/
添加依賴:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.openfeign.form</groupId>
<artifactId>feign-form</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.openfeign.form</groupId>
<artifactId>feign-form-spring</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</dependency>複製代碼
Feign Client示例:
@FeignClient(name = "xxx", url = "http://www.itmuch.com/", configuration = TestFeignClient.FormSupportConfig.class)
public interface TestFeignClient {
@PostMapping(value = "/test",
consumes = {MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE},
produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE}
)
void post(Map<String, ?> queryParam);
class FormSupportConfig {
@Autowired
private ObjectFactory<HttpMessageConverters> messageConverters;
// new一個form編碼器,實現支持form表單提交
@Bean
public Encoder feignFormEncoder() {
return new SpringFormEncoder(new SpringEncoder(messageConverters));
}
// 開啓Feign的日誌
@Bean
public Logger.Level logger() {
return Logger.Level.FULL;
}
}
}複製代碼
調用示例:
@GetMapping("/user/{id}")
public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
HashMap<String, String> param = Maps.newHashMap();
param.put("username","zhangsan");
param.put("password","pwd");
this.testFeignClient.post(param);
return new User();
}複製代碼
日誌:
...[TestFeignClient#post] ---> POST http://www.baidu.com/test HTTP/1.1
...[TestFeignClient#post] Accept: application/json;charset=UTF-8
...[TestFeignClient#post] Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
...[TestFeignClient#post] Content-Length: 30
...[TestFeignClient#post]
...[TestFeignClient#post] password=pwd&username=zhangsan
...[TestFeignClient#post] ---> END HTTP (30-byte body)複製代碼
由日誌可知,此時Feign已能使用Form表單方式提交數據。
原文連接:http://www.itmuch.com/spring-cloud-sum/feign-form-params/
假設需請求的URL包含多個參數,例如http://microservice-provider-user/get?id=1&username=張三 ,該如何使用Feign構造呢?咱們知道,Spring Cloud爲Feign添加了Spring MVC的註解支持,那麼咱們不妨按照Spring MVC的寫法嘗試一下:
@FeignClient("microservice-provider-user")
public interface UserFeignClient {
@RequestMapping(value = "/get", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public User get0(User user);
}複製代碼
然而,這種寫法並不正確,控制檯會輸出相似以下的異常。
feign.FeignException: status 405 reading UserFeignClient#get0(User); content:
{"timestamp":1482676142940,"status":405,"error":"Method Not Allowed","exception":"org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException","message":"Request method 'POST' not supported","path":"/get"}複製代碼
由異常可知,儘管咱們指定了GET方法,Feign依然會使用POST方法發送請求。因而致使了異常。正確寫法以下
方法一[推薦]注意:使用該方法沒法使用Fegin的繼承模式
@FeignClient("microservice-provider-user")
public interface UserFeignClient {
@GetMapping("/get")
public User get0(@SpringQueryMap User user);
}複製代碼
方法二[推薦]
@FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user")
public interface UserFeignClient {
@RequestMapping(value = "/get", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public User get1(@RequestParam("id") Long id, @RequestParam("username") String username);
}複製代碼
這是最爲直觀的方式,URL有幾個參數,Feign接口中的方法就有幾個參數。使用@RequestParam註解指定請求的參數是什麼。
方法三[不推薦]多參數的URL也可以使用Map來構建。當目標URL參數很是多的時候,可以使用這種方式簡化Feign接口的編寫。
@FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user")
public interface UserFeignClient {
@RequestMapping(value = "/get", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public User get2(@RequestParam Map<String, Object> map);
}複製代碼
在調用時,可以使用相似如下的代碼。
public User get(String username, String password) {
HashMap<String, Object> map = Maps.newHashMap();
map.put("id", "1");
map.put("username", "張三");
return this.userFeignClient.get2(map);
}複製代碼
注意:這種方式不建議使用。主要是由於可讀性很差,並且若是參數爲空的時候會有一些問題,例如map.put("username", null);
會致使服務調用方(消費者服務)接收到的username是"" ,而不是null。
原文連接:http://www.itmuch.com/spring-cloud-sum/feign-multiple-params-2/
加依賴引入okhttp3
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
<artifactId>feign-okhttp</artifactId>
<version>${version}</version>
</dependency>複製代碼
寫配置
feign:
# feign啓用hystrix,才能熔斷、降級
# hystrix:
# enabled: true
# 啓用 okhttp 關閉默認 httpclient
httpclient:
enabled: false #關閉httpclient
# 配置鏈接池
max-connections: 200 #feign的最大鏈接數
max-connections-per-route: 50 #fegin單個路徑的最大鏈接數
okhttp:
enabled: true
# 請求與響應的壓縮以提升通訊效率
compression:
request:
enabled: true
min-request-size: 2048
mime-types: text/xml,application/xml,application/json
response:
enabled: true複製代碼
參數配置
/**
* 配置 okhttp 與鏈接池
* ConnectionPool 默認建立5個線程,保持5分鐘長鏈接
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(Feign.class)
@AutoConfigureBefore(FeignAutoConfiguration.class) //SpringBoot自動配置
public class OkHttpConfig {
// 默認老外留給你彩蛋中文亂碼,加上它就 OK
@Bean
public Encoder encoder() {
return new FormEncoder();
}
@Bean
public okhttp3.OkHttpClient okHttpClient() {
return new okhttp3.OkHttpClient.Builder()
//設置鏈接超時
.connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
//設置讀超時
.readTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
//設置寫超時
.writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
//是否自動重連
.retryOnConnectionFailure(true)
.connectionPool(new ConnectionPool(10, 5L, TimeUnit.MINUTES))
.build();
}
}複製代碼
原文連接:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/PAjXS9d6Sxa04pw1Lw2HXQ