oracle控制文件的損壞或徹底丟失的恢復辦法

控制文件丟失了，須要DBA處理。     1，控制文件大小不對。  將正常的cp給不正常的。指定正確的來運行。     2，控制文件版本不對   千萬要記住要先cp所有的控制文件備份後在來cp     3，控制文件某個丟失，至少存在一個     4，控制文件都丟失，     5，有可是很old 1，控制文件大小不對。 下面咱們修給一個控制文件的內容使大小不同。 [oracle@huang ~]$ vim /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-00227: corrupt block detected in control file: (block 1, # blocks 1) ORA-00202: control file: '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl' SQL> shutdown abort; ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info 這裏提示了控制文件有錯誤。 SQL> show parameter control_f NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_file_record_keep_time        integer     7 control_files                        string      /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/contr                                                  ol01.ctl, /sof/oracle/oradata/                                                  orcl/control02.ctl, /sof/oracl                                                  e/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl SQL> ho ls -l /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/  這裏咱們查看到日誌文件中，有兩個大小同樣，說明這兩個是正常的。 total 1536352 -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall   7110639 Jan  4 16:00 control01.ctl -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall   7389184 Jan  4 16:01 control02.ctl -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall   7389184 Jan  4 16:01 control03.ctl SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ct.bak SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01507: database not mounted ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. 如今數據庫就能正常的運行了。 2，控制文件版本不對 SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> alter system set control_files='/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' scope=spfile; System altered. Database opened. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> show parameter control_f NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_file_record_keep_time        integer     7 control_files                        string      /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/contr                                                  ol02.ctl SQL> alter system set control_files='/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'  scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00214: control file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' version 1036 inconsistent with file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl' version 1020 如今就提示了控制文件的版本好不一致的問題。注意提示的版本號那個更高。 SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl.bak SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl SQL> startup ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01507: database not mounted ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00214: control file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' version 1036 inconsistent with file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl' version 1020 SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl.bak SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. 上面就說明成了。 4，控制文件都丟失， 5，有可是很old SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/tmp/luo.txt'   2  ; Database altered. 獲得創建日誌文件的腳本，之後咱們數據庫建好後就要作。 下面就是重建控制文件。 千萬記住下面這個命令。 若是控制文件所有丟失，版本過老，在咱們重建控制文件以前須要備份故障的狀態。 SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. [oracle@huang ~]$ cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/ /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl.bak -rf [oracle@huang ~]$ rm /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control0* -rf [oracle@huang ~]$ ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl orcl/     orcl.bak/ [oracle@huang ~]$ ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl orcl/     orcl.bak/ [oracle@huang ~]$ ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/ example01.dbf  redo02.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf     users01.dbf redo01.log     redo03.log  system01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf [oracle@huang ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba [uniread] Loaded history (945 lines) SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jan 4 16:57:00 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info 去除全部的--和空格行，和開頭的空格。 [oracle@huang ~]$ grep -v ^-- /tmp/luo.txt|grep -v ^$ >/tmp/luo1.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ vim /tmp/luo1.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -n '1,23'p /tmp/luo1.txt >/tmp/luo2.txt 截取下面兩行和之間的內容。注意是下面行是第一次出現的時候 STARTUP NOMOUNT .................. SIZE 30408704  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M; [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ vim /tmp/luo2.txt 肯定時候空格和--開頭的行就刪除了。 SQL> shutdown abort; ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> @/tmp/luo2.txt 咱們運行剛纔的那個腳本就能夠從新的創建起控制文件 ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Control file created. Media recovery complete. Database altered. Tablespace altered. SQL> ho ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl  example01.dbf  redo03.log     temp01.dbf      control02.ctl  redo01.log     sysaux01.dbf   undotbs01.dbf   control03.ctl  redo02.log     system01.dbf   users01.dbf 上面就是控制文件的幾種恢復方法。