linux 命令/目錄 名稱 英文單詞 縮寫 助記

注:如下內容轉自https://www.zhihu.com/question/49073893?sort=created,做者是一個高中的學生,能總結這麼多這麼好,真心讚賞。這麼好的知識我怕在互聯網上流失,因此在這裏作了一個備份。php

如下內容僅供參考,不徹底對。java

 

0、項目名:c++

Linux -- LINUs' uniX (開個玩笑不是這樣的,別當真)vim

GNU -- Gnu is Not Unixbash

 

一、目錄名:ssh

/boot:顧名思義編輯器

/root :同上ui

/run:同上spa

/home:同上orm

/etc:ETCetera

/bin:BINaries

/dev:DEVices

/lib:LIBraries

/mnt:MouNT

/proc:PROCesses

/tmp:TeMPorary

/var:VARiable

/srv:SeRVices

/opt:OPTional

/sbin:Super BINaries

or Superuser BINaries

/sys:SYStem

/usr:Unix System Resources

or Unix Software Resources

or Unix Shared Resources(這個很重要,不少人會認爲這個是user)

 

二、經常使用命令:

2.一、文件及文件夾管理:

ls -- LiSt

cd -- Change Directory

pwd -- Print Working Directory

cp -- CoPy

mv -- MoVe

rm -- ReMove

pushd -- PUSH to Directory

popd -- POP from Directory

mkdir -- MaKe DIRectory

rmdir -- ReMove DIRectory

cat -- CATenate

or conCATenate

sed -- Stream EDitor

diff -- DIFFerence

wc -- Word Count

chmod -- CHange MODe

chown -- CHange OWNer

chgrp -- CHange GRouP

awk -- Aho Weinberger and Kernighan

gawk -- Gnu AWK

mawk -- Minimal AWK

grep -- General Regular Expression Print

ln -- LiNk

tar -- TARball

 

2.二、硬件管理:

df -- Disk Free

du -- Disk Usage

dd -- Data Description(有說是Convert and Copy, 可是cc被用掉了,就用dd了)

parted -- PARTition EDitor

fdisk -- Format DISK

lspci -- LiSt Peripheral Component Interconnect

lscpu -- LiSt Central Process Unit

lsusb -- LiSt Universal Serial Bus

lsblk -- LiSt BLocK

mdadm -- Multiple Disk And Device Manager

2.2.一、lvm

lvm -- Logical Volume Manager

pvcreate -- Physical Volume CREATE

vgcreate -- Volume Group CREATE

lvcreate -- Logical Volume CREATE

pvdisplay -- Physical Volume DISPLAY

vgdisplay -- Volume Group DISPLAY

lvdisplay -- Logical Volume DISPLAY

pvresize -- Physical Volume RESIZE

vgresize -- Volume Group RESIZE

lvresize -- Logical Volume RESIZE

pvextend -- Physical Volume EXTEND

vgextend -- Volume Group EXTEND

lvextend -- Logical Volume EXTEND

pvremove -- Physical Volume REMOVE

vgremove -- Volume Group REMOVE

lvremove -- Logical Volume REMOVE

pvs -- Physical Volume Status

vgs -- Volume Group Status

lvs -- Logical Volume Status

 

2.三、軟件及軟件包管理:

man -- MANual

apt -- Advanced Packaging Tool

dpkg -- Debian PacKaGe

yum -- Yellow dog Updater, Modified

rpm -- RPM Package Manager

or Redhat Package Manager

 

2.四、用戶及用戶組管理:

useradd -- USER Add

userdel -- USER DELete

usermod -- USER MODify

users -- USER Status

groupadd -- GROUP ADD

groupdel -- GROUP DELete

groupmod -- GROUP MODify

groupmems -- GROUP MEMberS

 

2.五、系統管理:

depmod -- DEPend MODule

lsmod -- LiSt MODule

modprobe -- MODule PROBE

modinfo -- MODule INFOrmation

insmod -- INSert MODule

rmmod -- ReMove MODule

mkfs -- MaKe FileSystem

fsck -- File System Consistency Check

ps -- Processes Status

su -- Substitute User

bash -- Bourne Again SHell

dash -- Debian Almquist SHell

init -- INITialization

ssh -- Secure SHell

wine -- Wine Is Not an Emulator

exec -- EXECute

fstab -- FileSystem TABle

passwd -- PASSWorD

chpasswd -- CHange PASSWorD

pwconv -- PassWord CONVert

pwunconv -- PassWord UNCONVert

tty -- TeleTYpe

sudo -- SuperUser DO

grub -- GRand Unified Bootloader

tzselect -- Time Zone SELECT

sync -- SYNChronize

systemd -- SYSTEM Daemon (裏面有systemctl bootctl journalctl loginctl localectl timedatectl 等等,都是blablabla ConTroL)

 

2.六、編輯器:

ed -- EDitor

nano -- Nano's ANOther editor

emacs -- Editor MACroS(還有不少全稱,就不羅列了,這個接受度比較廣)

vi -- VIsual

vim -- Vi Improved

 

2.七、編譯器:

cc -- C Compiler

gcc -- Gnu Compiler Collection(做爲一個軟件集被你下載下來編譯安裝的時候)

gcc -- Gnu C Compiler (做爲一個軟件被你調用來編譯C程序的時候)

g++ -- Gnu c++ compiler

gcj -- Gnu Compiler for Java

yacc -- Yet Another Compiler Compiler

guile -- Gnu Ubiquitous Intelligent Language for Extensions

gas -- Gnu Assembler

php -- PHP:Hypertext Preprocessor

ld -- LoaD

gdb -- Gnu DeBug

tcl -- Tool Command Line

 

三、圖形界面:

gnome -- GNu Object Model Environment

gdm -- Gnome Display Manager

gtk -- Graphic user interface ToolKit

qt -- ………………Toolkit(不說Q了,用Q只是由於在開發者的Emacs中Q特別漂亮…………)

kde -- K Desktop Environment

lxde -- Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment

xfce -- XForms Common Environment

 

四、參數(聲明:只是一般會使用的參數,並不必定是通用參數,使用時請注意):

-h | --help:help

-v | --version:version(吐槽一下java)

 

五、許可證:

gnu gpl : Gnu General Public License

gnu lgpl : Gnu General Lesser Public License

gfdl : Gnu Free Documentation License

agpl : Affero General Public License(或簡寫爲Affero gpl)

apsl : Apple Public Source License

bsd : Berkeley Software Distribution license

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