當你接到一個修復一個代號101的bug的任務時,很天然地,你想建立一個分支issue-101
來修復它,可是,等等,當前正在dev
上進行的工做尚未提交:git
$ git status # On branch dev # Changes to be committed: # (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage) # # new file: hello.py # # Changes not staged for commit: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: readme.txt #
並非你不想提交,而是工做只進行到一半,還無法提交,預計完成還需1天時間。可是,必須在兩個小時內修復該bug,怎麼辦?ruby
幸虧,Git還提供了一個stash
功能,能夠把當前工做現場「儲藏」起來,等之後恢復現場後繼續工做:app
$ git stash Saved working directory and index state WIP on dev: 6224937 add merge HEAD is now at 6224937 add merge
如今,用git status
查看工做區,就是乾淨的(除非有沒有被Git管理的文件),所以能夠放心地建立分支來修復bug。spa
首先肯定要在哪一個分支上修復bug,假定須要在master
分支上修復,就從master
建立臨時分支:code
$ git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 6 commits. $ git checkout -b issue-101 Switched to a new branch 'issue-101'
如今修復bug,須要把「Git is free software ...」改成「Git is a free software ...」,而後提交:string
$ git add readme.txt $ git commit -m "fix bug 101" [issue-101 cc17032] fix bug 101 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
修復完成後,切換到master
分支,並完成合並,最後刪除issue-101
分支:it
$ git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 2 commits. $ git merge --no-ff -m "merged bug fix 101" issue-101 Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy. readme.txt | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) $ git branch -d issue-101 Deleted branch issue-101 (was cc17032).
太棒了,原計劃兩個小時的bug修復只花了5分鐘!如今,是時候接着回到dev
分支幹活了!io
$ git checkout dev Switched to branch 'dev' $ git status # On branch dev nothing to commit (working directory clean)
工做區是乾淨的,剛纔的工做現場存到哪去了?用git stash list
命令看看:ast
$ git stash list stash@{0}: WIP on dev: 6224937 add merge
工做現場還在,Git把stash內容存在某個地方了,可是須要恢復一下,有兩個辦法:class
一是用git stash apply
恢復,可是恢復後,stash內容並不刪除,你須要用git stash drop
來刪除;
另外一種方式是用git stash pop
,恢復的同時把stash內容也刪了:
$ git stash pop # On branch dev # Changes to be committed: # (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage) # # new file: hello.py # # Changes not staged for commit: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: readme.txt # Dropped refs/stash@{0} (f624f8e5f082f2df2bed8a4e09c12fd2943bdd40)
再用git stash list
查看,就看不到任何stash內容了:
$ git stash list
你能夠屢次stash,恢復的時候,先用git stash list
查看,而後恢復指定的stash,用命令:
$ git stash apply stash@{0}
修復bug時,咱們會經過建立新的bug分支進行修復,而後合併,最後刪除;
當手頭工做沒有完成時,先把工做現場git stash
一下,而後去修復bug,修復後,再git stash pop
,回到工做現場。