完美解決MySQL中文亂碼

解決MySQL中文亂碼的問題php

看到從數據庫中取出的數據所有是「?????」,太讓人鬱悶了。html

網上有不少方法來解決這個問題,能夠分爲二種,1是修改my.ini配置文件,若是是在網上的空間的話,咱們通常沒有權限去修改這個文件。java

我推薦使用使用第二種方法,在數據庫鏈接過程當中,設定字符編碼。mysql

以下所示:(加粗部分)sql

@ $db_link=mysql_connect('localhost','user','pass');
MySQL_query("SET NAMES 'utf8'");
mysql_select_db('databasename',$db_link);數據庫

 

 

方法二:轉自http://blog.chinaunix.net/space.php?uid=9195812&do=blog&id=2006339瀏覽器

 

 爲了說的明白一些,我覺個例子:
很簡單,就是從html中接受兩個輸入,而後由jsp處理寫到mysql且從數據庫返回這個結果顯示出來。
Mysql_jstl.html

jsp

<html>
<head>
  <title>CH14 - Mysql_jstl.html</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset= GB2312">
</head>
<body>
 
<h2>將信息存入 Mysql 中 - 使用 JSTL 寫法</h2>
<form name="form" action="Mysql_jstl.jsp" method="post" >
  <p>姓:<input name="last_name" type="text" id="last_name"></p>
  <p>名:<input name="first_name" type="text" id="first_name"></p>
  <p> 
    <input type="submit" value="傳送">
    <input type="reset" value="取消">
  </p>
</form>

</body>
</html>
post




Mysql_jstl.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="sql" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>

<html>
<head>
  <title>CH14 - Mysql_jstl.jsp</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>將信息存入 Mysql 中 - 使用 JSTL 寫法</h2>

<fmt:requestEncoding value="GB2312" />

<c:set var="birth" value="1978/12/11" />
<c:set var="sex" value="F" />
<c:set var="email" value="aaa@asdf.com" />

<sql:setDataSource driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sample?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"
         user="root"
         password="44444" />

<sql:update>
  INSERT INTO employee(employee_id, last_name, first_name, birth,sex, emmail) 
  VALUES ( ? , ? , ? , ? , ? , ? )
  
  <sql:param value="${employee_id}" />
  <sql:param value="${param.last_name}" />
  <sql:param value="${param.first_name}" />
  <sql:param value="${birth}" />
  <sql:param value="${sex}" />
  <sql:param value="${email}" /> 
</sql:update>

<sql:query var="result">
  SELECT * FROM employee
</sql:query>

從 employee 取出全部新增的姓名:<br>
<c:forEach items="${result.rows}" var="row" >
新增姓名:<c:out value="${row.last_name}" />
     <c:out value="${row.first_name}" /><br>
</c:forEach>

</body>
</html>
ui


接下來就是建立數據庫,名字爲sample

而後創建一個table: employee,
內容以下(其中應該是email,但是我不當心在建數據庫打錯了,將錯就錯了):

+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field       | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| employee_id | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| last_name   | varchar(20)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| first_name  | varchar(20)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| birth       | date             | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| sex         | enum('m','f')    | YES  |     | m       |                |
| emmail      | varchar(39)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

若是隻是這樣的話,就會出現這樣的錯誤:報告的錯誤是:sqle=com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlDataTruncation: 
Data truncation: Data too long 
for column 'last_name' at row 1
 .並且select last_name from employee.來看也出現了以下的狀況:

| last_name        |
+-------------+
| ??          |
| 54243654321 |
| ??          |
| ??          |
+-------------+

出現問號!

前面咱們已經說過了,mysql默認的編碼是latin1,不是咱們所須要的gbk,因此咱們要修改爲爲utf8,由於若要正確顯示中文繁、簡、日文、韓文 使用utf8,修改方法以下:
  ALTER DATABASE sample ####這裏修改整個數據庫的編碼
       CHARACTER SET utf8
       DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
       COLLATE utf8_general_ci
       DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

固然了,你也可在在建數據庫的時候指定編碼,好比:

CREATE DATABASE sample

       CHARACTER SET utf8
       DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8

       COLLATE utf8_general_ci
       DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci ;

接下來要作的是打開mysql所在的目錄下的my.nin

在[mysqld]段加入一下代碼改爲: default-character-set=utf8 啓動mysql,輸入: 執行下列語句,看看結果是否是下面的: mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                     |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                                    |
| character_set_connection | latin1                                    |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                      |
| character_set_results    | latin1                                    |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                                                         
| character_set_system     | utf8                                      |
| character_sets_dir       | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+

mysql> show variables like '%collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value             |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci   |
| collation_server     | utf8_general_ci   |
+----------------------+-------------------+


接着你再看看執行那個Mysql.html 文件:這回你能夠看到的是
mysql> select * from employee;
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
| employee_id | last_name | first_name | birth      | sex  | emmail       |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
|          12 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          13 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          14 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          15 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          16 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          17 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+

這固然不是咱們但願看到的,咱們須要的現實完美正確的中文:
咱們還有最後一招:
mysql> SET NAMES 'gbk' ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
由於咱們須要的是gbk.
看看mysql中的character設置狀況

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%character%' ;
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                     |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | gbk                                       |
| character_set_connection | gbk                                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                      |
| character_set_results    | gbk                                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                      |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                      |
| character_sets_dir       | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%collation%' ;
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value           |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci  |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+

這個纔是咱們最終須要的。
在來查看執行完Mysql_jstl.jsp後的數據庫中的結果:
mysql> select * from employee;
|          14 | 王        | 彭給       | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          15 | 田        | 王光       | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          16 | 息        | 存入       | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
|          17 | 往        | 小杯       | 1978-12-11 | f    | aaa@asdf.com |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+

能夠高興得看到了中文,而且在瀏覽器中也顯示正確。

可是僅僅這樣的話,當你從新啓動mysql的時候
全部的設置又失效了。
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                     |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                                    |
| character_set_connection | latin1                                    |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                      |
| character_set_results    | latin1                                    |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                      |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                      |
| character_sets_dir       | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%collation%' ;
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value             |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci   |
| collation_server     | utf8_general_ci   |
+----------------------+-------------------+
從新讀取又出現亂碼:
mysql> select * from employee;
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
| employee_id | last_name | first_name | birth      | s
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
|          12 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f
|          13 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f
|          14 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f
|          15 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f
|          16 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f
|          17 | ?         | ??         | 1978-12-11 | f
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
因此咱們須要在客戶端設置系統能識別中文的編碼gbk並無保存到my.ini文件中。因此要修改my.ini文件
在[mysql]段加入一下代碼改爲:default-character-set=gbk 這樣設置就獲得保存了。 重啓就能夠了。mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+---------------- | Variable_name | Value +--------------------------+---------------- | character_set_client | gbk | character_set_connection | gbk | character_set_database | utf8 | character_set_results | gbk | character_set_server | utf8 | character_set_system | utf8 | character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL +--------------------------+---------------- mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%collation%' ; +----------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-----------------+ | collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci | | collation_database | utf8_general_ci | | collation_server | utf8_general_ci | +----------------------+-----------------+
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